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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
204 views48 pagesLbo 301 1.0
Uploaded by
franciscoCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 48
move. LBO-301
OSCILLOSCOPE
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
and SERVICE MANUAL
LEADER ELECTRONICS CORP. CONTENTS
SECTION PAGE
1. DESCRIPTION
1.1 General 1
1.2 _ Specifications 1
2 CONTROLS AND CONNECTORS
2.1 General
2.2 Front Panel
2.3 Rear Panel ~
3. OPERATION
3.1 General
3.2 Preliminary Notes «
3.3. Preparation
3.4 Connections
35 AUTOmatie Sweep Mode
3.6 Triggered Sweep Mode
3.7 Sweep Magnification
3.8 Triggering from an External Source ~ =
3.9 Vertical and Horizonal Sweep for TV Signals
3.10 Color TV Waveforms
3.11 VECTORSCOPE application
3.12 Voltage Measurements
3.13 Time Measurments
3.14 Frequency Measurements
3.15 External Sweep Signal Input
3.16 Intensity Modulation
3.17 Sawtooth Waveform Output
4. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
4.1 Vertical Input
4.2 Amplifiers
4.3 Time Base
4.4 CRT Section
4.5 Voltage Calibrator
4.6 Power Supplies
5. MAINTENANCE,
5.1 General
5.2 Exposing the Chassis
5.3 Location of Adjusters and Test Points
5.4 CRT Circuit esas
5.5 CAL0S Vpp Output
5.6 Vertical Amplifier Cireuit
5.7 Time Base Circuit ~
6. Replacement of CRT =~
1. Removal of Vertical Amplifier PCB for Inspection
8, Shield Plate Removal «+--+.
9 Pin Connections, Transistors and CRT
10, Transistor Checking
1, VOLTAGE AND WAVEFORM CHART
Name and Number of PCB's. move. LBO-301
OSCILLOSCOPE
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS ond SERVICE MANUAL,
1. DESCRIPTION
11 General
LBO-201 is 2 compact S:inch scope featuring high sensitivity and wide bandwidth, It is engineered specially
for servicing color TV and computer circuitry in the shop and in the field.
‘The vertical amplitude is calibrated in volts per division (1 div.
mm). Display area is 8X10 div., Ips to 05
sidiv. time base with x5 magnifier (max. speed 0.2u), preset vertical and horizontal sweep for TV circuit testing,
VECTORSCOPE connection and 0.5 Vp-p calibration voltage make this scope outstanding for general use,
1.2 Specifications
Vertical Amplifier
Deflection Sensitivity 10mVp-p to 5Vpp per division( 1 div. is 6 mm) in 9 steps, 1-2-5 sequence 5
uncalibrated continous control between steps and up to 10 Vpp/div. 5
accuracy, + 3%.
Bandwidth DC or 2Hz to 7 MHz.
Rise Time 0.07 ps. (70 nanosecs)
Input Impedance Direct: 1MQ/40 pF,
With probe: 10MQ/16 pF or less.
Input Connector UBF type,
Time Base
‘Sweep Speed 1s to 0.28 per division in 17 steps, 1-2-5 sequence; accuracy; + 5%.
Uncalibrated continuous control betueen oteps and up to 0.5 per division.
‘Magnifier x8 at all TIME/DIV settings (max. speed, 0.2 ps/div)
‘Sweep Synchronization
Mode ‘Tiggered and automatic.
Control Internal and external, + or ~ slope.
Sensitivity
Display |
poten | 1 div. 15 div,
Internal | - ate
Level controlled 2He~ 2MHs | He ~ 7MHe
Acromatie aorie~ann, | topte~ sti
C1) 2a
22
External
Input
Controllable Trig. Level
(at 1 kHz)
Horizontal Amplifier
Deflection Sensitivity
Bandwideh
Calibrator
Power Supply
Size and Weight
Accessories, furnished
Internal : 16 div, maximum,
External: 2Vpp, maximum.
1 Vpp/div., normal ; 200 mVp-pidiv. at 5 magnification,
2H to 200 kHe,
05 Vp-p, LkHz + 3.% square wave.
115/230V, 50/60 Hz ; 25 VA. approx.
4 YUH x BW x 12D ; 88bs,
Instruction Manual 1 copy
Option + Carrying case with strap on separate order.
CONTROLS AND CONNECTORS
General
Before operating the LBO-301, especially for the first time, itis advisable for the user to become familiar with
the functions of the various switchs, controls, etc., described below to achieve maximum performance.
Front Panel, (Fig. 2-1)
1. Hood for CRT
2. Graticule
Handle
INTENsity
PWR ON
Pilot lamp
FOCUS
Positioning
PULL MAG xs,
= 3
Pastened with four screws.
Marked in 8 vertical and 10 horizontal divisions, each division = 6mm, with 5
‘minor divisions on centerlines, and with 12 markings 30° apart for vectorscope
application,
For carrying or use a tilt stand.
For adjusting the brightness of the trace.
Swith for AC power.
Lights when AC power is on,
For adjusting the clarity of the trace.
For po:
‘The knob when pulled forward magnifies the sweep time by a factor of 5 at
all TIME/DIV settings of switch 10, Fig. 2-1.
oning the trace horizontally.
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ts
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‘VOLLUAA,
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‘STavRIVA,
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3dODSOTIDSO 10-0871
t
Fig. 21 Front panel control
3 10.
4.
2
1B
ul
16.
¥.
18,
19,
21.
22,
‘TRIG LEVEL
TIME/DIV or HIN
VARIABLE
Jack
EXT H or TRIG IN
‘TRIGger SOURCE
‘TRIGger SLOPE
AC-DC-GND
‘Terminal jack
INPUT
VoLT/DIV
VARIABLE
Positioning
CAL 05 Vpp
For setting the starting point in the displayed waveform ; at AUTO position
(switched) the sweep becomes free-runnaing.
Black knob. For selecting the calibrated sweep speeds from 0.25 to Lys per
division preset TV-V and TV-H and external horizontal input.
Red knob, continuous adjuster for the sweep speed between calibrated steps,
except TV-V and TV-H, for uncalibrated speeds, normally set at fully
clockwise; also for control of external horizontal input amplitude at EXT
HIN,
For ground connection.
For connection to an external horizontal input or triggering signal source.
Switch for the triggering signal to the time base: INTernal for triggering
with the signal connected to the vertical input or normal setting ; EXTernal
for triggering signal at the TRIG IN jack.
Marked + and — for selection of the slope direction of the trigger signal.
Vertical amplifier input switch :
AC for blocking the DC component
DC for direct coupling ;
GND shorts the amplifier input and disconnects the input signal.
For ground connection.
Connector for probe eable or adapter.
Black knob. With nine positions to set the vertical deflection sensitivity from
5 to 0.01 Vp-p per division with the red knob at CAL'D position (ewitehed).
NOTE: When the low-cap probe, LPB-10Y, 10:1, is used, multiply the
reading by 10.
Red knob. For continuous and uncalibrated adjustment of the vertical
amplitude between calibrated steps.
For positioning the trace vertically.
Square wave voltage source for calibration of vertical amplitude. (1 kHz
approx)
C4) 2.3 Rear panel, (Fig. 22)
@
ot
nano
HLOOLMYS |
ee
WOLOGA ANY WOU:
(CrvnuON)
——é
aA
Fig. 22 Rear pane! controls, 33,
34,
Standofts
AC cord
Fuseholder
AC RECEPTACLE,
Grounding serew
SAWTOOTH OUTPUT
Jack
INTENSITY MODULATION
rah
R-Y INPUT
} vector - amp
For vertical operation and storing AC cord in transit.
For connection to the AC line.
For insertion of the AC line fuse. (Refer to par 32)
Outlet for direct power connection to auxiliary equipment, independent of
power switch and line fuse; indicated current rating not to be exceeded.
For connection to grounding lead when the threelead AC adapter is used.
Savitooth voltage used in the internal sweep at TIME/DIV is available at this
jack; amplitude is constant at approximately 10 Vpp.
Common ground.
For connection to an external pulse source for modulation of the CRT bear.
For connections from B-Y and R-Y terminals at the color CRT in the
vecotrscope application.
‘Two switches set at VECTOR positions only when displaying the vector
color bar pattern; nomally set st AMP in waveform application, By
loosening the serew on the clamp, both switches ean be slid in position.
C6) 3, OPERATION
3.1 General
‘The LBO-301 differs from the general purpose scopes in some respects, mainly in the sweep action. Instead of
varying the sweep frequency, the time function is used whereby the input signal waveform will be “spread out” in
terms of time. The sweep is triggered by the input signal, or external source and the display starts with its
application, In addition it is possible to set the point on the input waveform at which the sweep starts. The free=
running state, similar to the conventionsl sweep with synchronization, is emploved when the trigger level control
is eet to the automatic position,
Directions are given in this section for the various application of this scope.
3.2 Preliminary Notes
A. AC Line Voltage.
The scope is designed to operite within ++ 10 %6 of the rated AC input voltage. Higher voltage may
overload the internal power supply and cause damage to the components; lower voltage will result in
subnormal operation
Rated and usable voltages ranges are shown in the chart.
‘The primary winding of the power transformer is tapped for diferent voltage connections as shown in
the schematic
B. Input Overloading.
‘The maximum input voltage rating at the vertical INPUT, EXT H or TRIG IN and the low-eap probe
is 600 Vpp-+DCV. Exccess voltage may damage or burn out the components in circuit.
‘Typical examples of the 600V maximum condition are shown in Fig. 91.
Fig. 31 600V maximum conditions.
C7) Control of CRT Spot Brightness,
When the CRT deam is concentrated on the sercen, there is @ possibility of burning that particular
area, The INTENsity control should be adjusted to dim or, cutoff during standby periods, or the beam must
be kept in motion with application of the sweep, by setting the TRIG LEVEL control at AUTO (switched).
‘This reduces the “ion buen” effect.
Influence of Magnetic Fields.
1. A slight horizontal tlt in the display may be detected, depending on the location where the scope is
used. This is caused by the influence of the earth’s magnetic field or other magnetic effects which may distort
the display. When the amount of this tlt is objectionable, the scope should be oriented for compensation.
Alternatively, the graticule can be shifted slightly by loosening the screws holding the hood in place.
2 When in the vicinity of strong magnetic fields, such as equipment using power transformers of
200VA or more, AC induction may produce distorted displays, and the beam may possibly be permanently
risdicected. In this event, the whole frame should be demagnetized with a lerge type degausser designed
for color TV use. (Keep “gun type” soldering irons away from the scope)
VECTOR - AMP (NORMAL) Switches.
At the VECTOR setting the scope is used in the vectorscope application only. Tt is to be noted thatthe
waveform display at this setting will be distorted or the sweep linearity will be degraded, see examples
in Fig. 32
RLY Switeh on BLY switch on
Fig. 32 Waveform display at VECTOR switch settings.
3.3 Preparation
1
2
Set the PWR switch at off (down).
Remove the AC cord from the standofis at back of cabinet. Connet the plug to the AC line after marking
certain that the voltage is at the rated value for the acope,
Control settings :
Positioning knobs, vertical and horizontal, with white bar at top.
TRIG LEVEL control, fully counterclockwise, at the AUTO position (switched).
‘TRIG SOURCE switeh at INT.
TRIG SLOPE switch at +.
VOLTS/DIV switch (black knob) at 0.1 and VARIABLE (red knob) at CAL'D (switched)
AC-DC-GND switch at AC.
TIME/DIV switch (black knob) at 1ms and VARIABLE (red knob) at fully clockwise (CAL'D).
INTENsity and FOCUS with white bar at top.
Rear panel switches :
AMP-VECTOR-both switches-at AMP.
C8) a4
4. Initial adjustments
Set the PWR switeh at ON, the pilot lamp will light.
‘After about 30 seconds, a trace will be observed on the screen ; allow a few minutes for stabilization,
Adjust the FOCUS and INTENsity controls for a clear trace,
5. Connect the 0.5 Vp-p output to the vertical INPUT.
‘A square waveform will be displayed covering 5 vertical division on the scale. This serves as a check on the
‘operation,
6. Disconnect the lead.
Connections
Connect leads from the verti
input and ground terminal to the signal pickup point
NOTE: When the low-cap probe is connected and used, the voltage at the INPUT connector is lowered by
a factor of 10.
AUTOmatic Sweep Mode
‘The AUTOmatic mode of operation is characterized by synchronizing the time base with the input signal and
the trace is always displayed. At fast sweep speeds, the trace becomes somewhat dim but normal brightness is
restored when the signal is applied.
1. Control settings
4. TRIG LEVEL at AUTO (switched), see Fig. 33.
LEVEL
©
AUTO
Fig. 33. TRIG LEVEL setting for AUTOmatic sweep mode.
VOLTS/DIV for suitable trace amplitude, VALIABLE control at CAL'D (switched).
‘TRIG SOURCE at INT.
TRIG SLOPE at +.
‘TIME/DIV for desired number eyes.
VARIABLE at CAL'D (ully clockwise), When the sweep timing isnot important, this control ean be
adjusted as required.
NOTES: 1. In the AUTOmatic mode, the trace is always displayed and the eweep will start at
approximately the middle of the waveform. ‘The “direction” at the start depends on the
setting of the TRIG SLOPE switch. The conditions are shown in Fig. 3-4. If the sweep is
not stable, change the TRIG SLOPE switch seting.
C9) START START
‘TRIG LEVEL
‘TRIG SLOPE 4a ‘TRIG SLOPE,
+ (i om +{_ i-
AUTO.
Fig. 24. AUTOmatic sweep operation,
2. The sweep will be synchronized with the input signal when the displayed amplitude is 1 div.
or more, depending on the frequency
3. When the VARIABLE knob of TIME/DIV is at CAL'D, the trace (sine wave for example)
ray have a part ut off at the right hand side. This is @ normal condition since the waveform
frequency may not be in proper relation with the ealibrated sweep speed. Ifthe timing is not
important, adjust the VARIABLE control.
4. When synchronizing with an external source, connections are made to TRIG IN with the
‘TRIG SOURCE switch set to EXT.
3.6 Triggered Sweep Mode
‘The use of the TRIGger LEVEL control in triggering the sweep will be described, ‘The setting of the controls,
is the same as for the AUTOmatic mode outlined in Sect. 35 above.
tis possible to vary the starting point (at left) in the displayed wavefom with rotation of the TRIG LEVEL
control, The “direction” at the start will depend on the setting of the TRIG SLOPE switch, + or
‘The conditions are shown in Fig. 35 and Fig. 26 respectively.
‘TRIG LEVEL
‘TPIG SLOPE
+) |-
Fig. 35 Start of display with TRIG LEVEL control and TRIG SLOPE at +.
(10> ‘TRIG LEVEL
a
START
f s
\ —_
Auto
“2
+ a
AUTO ‘TRIG SLOPE,
+L i-
Fig. 36 Start of display with TRIG LEVEL control and TRIG SLOPE at ~.
NOTES: 1. When there is no display, rotate the TRIG LEVEL knob in both directions. The trace will not
appear when there is no input signal. This can be checked by touching the “hot” input lead
with a finger. (At the AUTO ot switched position, the horizontal trace will appear to serve as a
check on the sweep.)
I is important to note that the control action is effective only at that portion in the waveform
where the amlitude is changing, namely, increasing or decreasing. There will be no control at
the peak or trough of sine waves or at the flat part of square waveforms. When the trace
amplitude is insufficient, the display
il disappear, and synchronization will not occur.
3.7 Sweep Magnification
‘When it is desired to investigate a certain portion in the displayed waveform, the PULL MAG x knob (same
as the horizontal positioning control) is pulled forward. The display will be magnified, or expanded, by five times.
‘This is done in the following manner.
1. Position the portion of the waveform under investigation to the center vertical line on the graticule.
2, Pull forward the MAG x5 knob, see Fig. 37.
PULL MAG x5
—
os cane mse 08
3. The sweep time
be 1/5 (onefifth) of that marked for the speed in DIV with the VARIABLE knob at
CALD (fully clokwise), In Fig. 38, @ and @ show the normal and magnified waveforms respectively.
cil) 38
For example, when the setting is at 1 ys/DIV the swesp speed is 1/5 X 1 ys/DIV or 0.2 4 per division, ete.
-— Portion to be magoified
PULL MAGx 5
H ca
Pall out knob
® Magnified
Fig. $8 Use of x5 magnification.
4. After its use, the knob should be pushed in to the former posti
yn. This will prevent error in other
Triggering from an External Source
‘The sweep can be
gered with an external synchronizing signal when its frequency is the same or integrally
related with the signal under investigation, This feature is useful when testing circuits such as pulse generators and
mubivibrators where the waveforms of the output and input are different.
In this application the controls are set as follows
TRIG LEVEL to AUTO (ewitehed).
Vertical AC-DC-GND switch to AC.
TRIG SLOPE ewitch to + or —, depending on the predominant peak.
‘TRIG SOURCE switch to EXT.
C12) ‘The triggering signal is connected fom the sync signal source to the EXT H or TRIG IN jacks. The voltage
should be in the 0.1 to 2 Vp-p range; if higher, it must be lowered with an external voltage divider, typically with
10K resistor across the input jacks and an appropriate series resistor, see Fig. 39,
Low-cap Probe awe
‘To Vert. INPUT
EXT or
‘TRIG IN {) From syne separator
i
{a
EP ow Powe (LO
Fig. 39. Use of voltage divider at TRIG IN.
The connection to the INPUT is made direct or through the low-cap probe.
When a sine wave signal is used in triggering, i
‘TRIG LEVEL control. With proper adjustment, an action corresponding to use of a delayed sweep is achieved.
is possible to position the pulse(s) with adjustment of the
3.9 Vertical and Horizontal Sweep for TV Signals
Vertical and horizontal signals in the TV receiver ciceuits are displayed by setting the TIME/DIV switch at
TV-V and TV-H respectively. The sweep timing is preset to display two “cycles” of the waveforms automatically.
(Note: The VARIABLE control is inoperative) The low-cap probe is connected at the test point designated in the
manufacturer's servi
In operation, the TRIG LEVEL control is adjusted for maximum stability. At TV-V, for best synchronization,
this control is set at the point where the display is extinguished. (Note: There may be a momentary disappearance in
the display caused by changes in the brightness of the image in the TV sere
in circuit and is a normal condition)
instructions.
this is due to the blocking capacitor
3.10 Color TY Waveforms
To display the waveforms in the color TV receiver, a color har pattern generator such as the LEADER
1L.CG-884, ~888, -389, -390 or equivalent is required
In using the patterns available feom the pattern generator, refer to specific directions for connections and
‘adjustments in the manufacturers sevicing information for the pattcular receiver model.
(13) ‘The gated rainbow pattern is shown in Fig. 3.10.
lo 3
A . *
2 Se
sl EEE
A
&
i aS | 2
FI EL
El PRICE
Tiiiiiiiid
Fig. 310 Gated rainbow pattern
Waveforms of the gated rainbow signal are shown Fig. 31, (Note : The waveforms will be inverted in the
cathode modulation system)
A, Red grid: (RAY) output
B. Blue grid: (B-Y) output
N0.3 0
No.10 MAX.
x
No.7
\,
ho. wan C. Green grid: (G-Y) output
Fig. 311 Gated rainbow signal waveforms.
cia) 8.11 VECTORSCOPE Application
‘The VECTOR connections are used to display color signal characteristics in vector form,
A color bar pattern generator, as noted in Section 3. 10 above is required.
Phase relationships in the gated rainbow signal are shown in Fig’ $12.
‘onance Fo MAGENTA
vetLow 4 i ”
GARE, ron Reppisi
wt s
onl is a
BEAN ane. we ar—fo) ouve
INTERVAL,
2,
Honiz. syne
Nua :
5 © Won
i Ss ue
Lab rh Cm
Phase relationships in the gated rainbow signal
Fig. 31
In operation, all external connections, if any are disconnected on the front panel.
Switches and controls are set as follows:
VOLTSIDIV switch 10 5.
AC-DC-GND switch to GND.
TIME/DIV switch at HIN,
Others at any setting.
At the back of the cabinet, loosen the clamp serew of the VECTOR - AMP switches and slide the switches to
the VECTOR position
2, Color TV receiver connections
IMPORTANT |! Turn off the AC power switch in the receiver,
a. RF output with keyed or gated rainbow pattern from generator to the TV antenna input
1b. Connect leads from chassis to scope ground and R-Y and B-Y grid terminals on the CRT to respetive
jncks at the back of the scope, see Fig. 313.
(15) Loosen the clamp bar serew when setting the switches,
RY signal
(NORMAL) {wonwat)
c .| VECTOR
VECTOR AMP
INTENSITY
SOT \MODULATION
oureur
BY signal
Fig. $13 VECTORSCOPE connection
c. Turn on the power switch in the receiver.
Center the display with the positioning controls.
‘Set th tint or hue control in the receiver to line up the lobes with the 20° markings on the graticule, Fig. 5:14.
Fig’ 314 Vector pattern display.
Ifthe pattern is not “round” or lobes are distorted, the color saturation control is not adjusted properly.
5. After the test, turn off the AC power in the receiver before disconnecting the leads.
‘Set the VECTOR-AMP switches at AMP snd tighten the clamp screw.
(16> 3.12 Voltage Measurements
8.12.1, General
‘The p.p, or peak-to-peak, voltage of AC waveforms and DC voltage can be measured by using the scope as a
voltmeter. The AC voltage can be measured simultencously with waveform observation,
‘The initial conditions for measurements are as follows
With no sweep and TIME/DIV switch at Ims, the INTENsity control is set to barely extinguish the spot.
The AC line voltage must be at or within 10% of the rating.
‘The VARIABLE knob of VOLTS/DIV is set at CAL’D (switched).
This
3.12.2 AC Voltage
1. AC-DC-GND switeh setting :
a. AC or DC when there is no superimposed DC.
b, AC when DC voltage is superimposed.
important
2 Panel controls are set for waveform observa
Set the VOLTS/DIV switch so that the peaks lie in the space between the top and bottom horizontal lines
fon the graticule. For sine and similar waveforms, position the trace symmetrically with respect to the center
horizontal line.
8. The pp voltage is determined by the following relation
(No. of dis) x (VOLTS/DIV) = Vpp.
When the low-eap probe, LPB-1OY, is used, multiply the result by 10.
‘The "No. of div” is the distance between peaks, tee Fig. $415.
api
JH
Fig. 315 Peak-to-peak voltage measurement.
Example: Amplitude is div and VOLTS/DIV is at LV, then
(4 div) x 1V = 4Vpp
For sine waves, the pp voltage is 283 Vrms and
pp Volts).
283
In the above example, for a sine wave, the rms value is 4 Vp-p/283 = 141 Vems
Vrms =
NOTE: In measurements of high frequency voltages, the bandwidth characteristic must be taken into
account, There will be a gradual falling off effect above approximately $ MHz.
C7) 12.3 DC Voltage
1, Contro! settings :
TRIG LEVEL control to CAL'D (switched)
TIME/DIV switch to Ims.
AC-DC-GND switeh to GND.
‘Vertical positioning control to set the trace on the middle horizontal line for initial 0 reference. If the
polarity is known beforehand, i.e. where the INPUT lead or probe is connected, this reference ean,
be on one of the lines above or belovr the middle ; a wider range of measurement is possible,
& _ VOLTS/DIV switch to 2 or 5; VARIABLE to CAL'D (switched).
Connect the voltage under measurement to vertical INPUT, and ground terminal
Set the AC-DC-GND switch to DC.
4, Adjust the VOLTSIDIV switch to set the trace within the vertical scale lines on the graticule.
“The amount of trace shift above or below the reference
“The polarity is positive (+) for an upward shift and vice verse.
the sift in number of div multiplied by VOLTSDIV. When the loweap probe, LPB-1OY,
is wsed, multiply the result by 10
3.12.4 Composite Waveform Voltage
Measurement of the AC and “DC” components in TV signals can be made by setting up the scope initially
for DC voltage input mode, ‘The signal is then epplid and the proper sweep timing is selected.
For example, the input waveform in Fig. 216, is displayed on the
scope as shown in Fig. $17. The magnitude of the different portions in
the waveform is calculated by noting the number of div referred to the
0 center and multiplying by the setting of the VOLTS/DIV switch, see
Fig. 547
1e determines the voltage.
‘The voltage
Fig, 316 Composite waveform.
Fig. 317 Example of composite waveform voltage.
(18) 3.18 Time Measurements
3.13.1
3.13.2
NOTES: a.
General
The time element which plays an important role in nonsinusoidal waveforms, especially pulse, sawtooth
‘waveforms, ete,, can be readily measured with the TIME/DIY ealibration.
In the measurements described below, the VARIABLE knob of TIME/DIV must be at the CAL'D position,
cr fully clockwise ; this is important.
Pulse Rise time
1. The pulse under test is displayed with adjustment of the appropriate controls. Unless the actual amplitude
is measured at the same time, it is advisable to use the VARTABLE control on VOLTS/DIY switch to set
the pulse height to cover 4 div, Fig. $19.
Referring to the figure, the leading edge is positioned to set the 10% level at 2 minor divs. and the 90% level
at 2 minor divs below the upper limit,
Tr 2.9plv
Fig. $18 Rise time measurement.
The horizontal distance between the 10% and 90% levels correspond to Tr, or rise time, and is determined
from th relation
(No, of div) x (TIME/DIV in pis, ms or s) = Tr.
where (No. of div) is the distance.
Example: No, of div is 29 and TIME/DIV is 2 ns, then
Tr = 29 x 2ys. = 585,
If the X5 magnification is used, Tr = 1.16 ps.
When pulses of relatively fast rise time are under measurement, the rise time in the LBO-30L must be
taken into account; this time is approximately 0.07 ps.
‘The relations are:
Let Ta = tise time of LBO-30L
Ti
rise time of input waveform
Te = measured rise time
C19) Then
Te
and
Tis yIF=Te
1b. It is possible to estimate the upper frequency limit, or ~3dB point, in amplifiers, filters, ete, with the
rise time mersurement. This is done by applying a welldefine pulse from a pulse generator to the
test circui
The relation is
0.35
fe = 08
where fe = frequency at —34B point, and
Tr = rise time of input waveform,
Use the following units for different ranges.
fe Tr
He s
kite ms
MHz bs
Example: Tr = 15ys, oF 0.015 ms, then
fe = 233kHs (0.35/0018)
3.13.2 Pulse Width
Pulse width detemination is dependent on the level, flat top, 90%, 50%, ete,, where the measurement is made.
In the measurements, see the VARIABLE control of TIME/DIV at the CAL'D position (fully clockwise)
After the pulse amplitude measurement, set the height with VARIABLE of VOLTS/DIV to cover 4 div on
the vertical scale. Position the pulse to set the left end of the flat top, 9076 oF 50% point on one of the vertical lines,
see Fig. 319.
tw 2D.
Fig. 319 Pulse width measurement.
(209 “Measure the distance in div to the corresponding point on the trailing edge.
‘The pulse wideh, Tw, is
(No. of div) x TIME/DIV,
Example: No. of div = 1.4 and time is 1 ms ; the pulse width is
Tw = 14x 1 = L4ms,
Ifthe x5 magnification is used, Tw = 0.28 ms.
3.14 Frequeney Measurements
The frequency of the input waveform is measured using the TIME/DIV calibration. It is important that the
VARIABLE knob is set at the CAL'D position (fully clockwise)
The procedure is similar to that for time measurements described in Section 3. 13 above. The dillerence is that
distance covered by one cycle is measured as shown in Fig. 320.
A A
v
fe spit
Fig. 320 Frequency measurement.
The frequency is given by the relation
{= 2. where Tis the dtance pr one compete cycle muliplia by the sweep pr or
x qrimeypiyy
Example: Distance = 3div.
TIME/DIV = 50 ys, and T = 150 ps,
frequency, £ = 1/150 ys = 6.7 KH
Cal) 15 External Sweep Signal Input
When the scope is used without using the internal sweep, an external sweep input is connected to the EXT H
input j
3k, Visual alignment, frequency comparison using Lissajous patterns and other applications are possible,
In operation, the TIME/DIV switch is set to HIN. The VARIABLE conttol is used in the amplitude
adjustment. Approximately 1Vpp input is repuired for 1 div defection. Higher sensitivities are possible with use
of the x6 magnifier.
Typical uses include display of the diode characteristic of zeners, rectifiers, and BE and C-B connections in
transistors.
In Fig. $21, connetions are shown for diode testing. The vertical input is set to DC. The series resistor and
the AC voltage will depend upon the component under test. Measurements are made in the same manner as for DC
voltage, see Section 3.12.3
EXT HIN
sae
wean
barnes)
4
Lo eetican er
Fig. 321 Diode testing.
‘The characteristic of a 6 volt zener diode is shown in Fig, 322, With the VOLTS/DIV switch set to 2V,
the forward and reverse voltages are 0.4 V and 6 V respectively. Switches are set as follows : AC-DC-GND to DC,
‘TRIG SLOPE to +, TRIG SOURCE to INT and TIME/DIV to HIN; the VARIABLE knob is adjusted for
suitable amplitude,
iets
lve
Fig, $22 Zener diode characteris
(22) 3.16
17
4a
42
4.24
Intensity Modulation
For accurate measurements involving time, the CRT beam eau he “modulated” with external timing pulses.
Output from an accurate pulse generator at 5 to 30 Vpp is connected to the INTENSITY MODULATION jack at
the back of the eabinet.
A negative pulse will intensify the beam and vice verse.
In visual ciceuit aligment procedures, frequency markers in pulse form from the sweep generator can be used.
Sawtooth Waveform Output
Approximately 10Vpp sawtooth voltage output, with or without synchronization, in available at the
SAWTOOTH OUTPUT jack at the back of the cabinet. Output impedance is approximately 20k@ and the load
circuit must have high impedance to prevent distortion at the high sweep speeds. The waveform is shown Fig. 323.
Fig. 323 Sawtooth waveform.
This sawtooth voltage has may uses, it can be connected to the horizontal input of scopes not equipped with a
sweep circuit, or, for a two-scope operation with “dual-trace” display and a synchronized sweep.
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The circuits which compose the LBO-301 will be described briefly in this section. Refer to the block
diagram and schematic.
Vertical Input
‘The signal under examination at the INPUT connector is applied to the AC—DC-GND switch for AC
coupling through a blocking capacitor ot is directly coupled (DC). A ninestep attenuator is used to lower the input
voltage to suitable levels for amplification. The input voltage in volt per div (division) defection is adjusted by
suitable combination of four frequency-compensated attenuator pads.
Ampli
Vertical
‘The input stage in an FET, Q501, used as an impedance converter and connected to an emitter follower Q503.
A selfbalancing paraphase stage, Q505-Q508, is used to produce the pushpull signal to the driver, 507-0508 and the
CRT deflection stage, Q509-Q510,
(23) 42.2
43
To maintain a highly stable DC balanced condition in the input circuit against changes in temperature and
supply voltage, two additional transistors, Q502 and Q504, are used; there transistors are matched with the
counterparts Q501 and Q503. Adjusters are provided for setting the gate current (VR5OI) and bias (VR502-VR503).
‘The overall DC balance is set with VR5O4,
A circuit is provided at the input of Q501 for protection against overvoltage application, Diodes and diode
connected transistors, D501~D506, are used.
‘The variable gain control, VR506 (on panel) adjusts the feedback in the emitter cireuit of Q505-Q509. A shunt
“padding” circuit, R516-VR506, limits the control range of VR506 so that linear amplificaton is assured. The
positioning is adjusted by unbalancing the base bias in the driver circuit, The triggering syne signal for triggering
the time base is picked off at the input of Q510 by Q511. The +12V DC supply voltage to the tran
circuit is derived from the voltagedropping filter circuit with Q512 in the +27V line.
tors in the input
Horizontal
The operational amplifier configuration, Q803-Q804, is used in the horizontal deflection stage. The amplification
is dependent on the ratio of the feedabck and input resistances. The amplitude of the horizontal signals, namely, the
savwtooth voltage for the time base and preamplifier output are preset or controlled with adjusters and variable
resistors,
‘The amplifier is singleended and another identical stage, Q805-Q806, with unity gain is used as a phase
inverter for pushpull deflection.
‘The preamplifier, Q801-Q802, for external horizontal input or triggering signals uses the Darlington circuit in
impedance conversion. The input is AC coupled and includes a diode D801 for protection against overvoltage.
‘The x5 magnification, pulling the MAG XS knob, raises the gain by a factor of five. The spot position is
adjusted by varying the bias on the base of Q803.
Time Base
Control of the triggered sweep with calibrated speeds is accomplished as follows. A triggered signal from the
input is picked off at Q510 in the vertical amplifier and through the butler Q511, then to the polarity changer Q601~
(2602, The external trignering is applied from the EXT H or TRIG IN jack. The TRIG LEVEL control, VR601, is for
control at any chosen portion of the slope of the triggering waveform. The direction is selected with the TRIG
SLOPE awitch S601.
‘A Schmitt terigger with Q603-0604 is used for waveshaping and generation of sharp pulses. These pulses are
applied to the sweep gating and switching multivibrator made up of Q605-Q606.
Sawtooth waveforms are generated by the Miller integrator consisting of Q608-Q609-Q610-D604-D605.
‘The TIME/DIV switch controls the sweep timing in js, ms and second per div, TV-V and TV-H by selection
of the different RC combinations. The controlled sweep is then fed to the horizontal deflection amplifier.
‘The holdoff circuit with Q611-Q612-D603-D606 is used to start the sweep with the trigger signal and will keep
the sweep in action, i.e, until the sweep is stopped as determined by the preset LENGTH adjuster VR604,
‘The sweep is prevented from starting, or being triggered, until the sweep voltage has dropped to zero,
‘The pulse for unblanking is picked off at the mulivibrator output with Q607. In use, the pulse extinguishes
the beam when there is no sweep action in absence of the triggering signal. The signal is applied to the intensity
contrl circuit of the CRT. Note however, that in the AUTO mode, described below, the sweep is in operation and
the trace is displayed.
In the AUTO sweep mode, the Schimitt trigger is operated as an astable multivibrator. Tt is in the free-
runningstate at a low frequency but will synchronize readily with an applied signal and trigger the’ sweep.
(24) 44
45
4.6
‘The multivibrator is in operation, even with no input signal, the triggering signal at low frequency is present and the
trace is always displayed,
CRT Section
‘The CRT, V401, is @ Sinch flat-face type operated with an accelerating potential of 1500 V. This voltage is
‘generated in the flyback transfomer circuit with the driver Q4OL, voltage doubler D401-D402 and filter system.
‘A constant output voltage from the oscillator is maintained by feedback to stabilize the regulator circuit, Q402-Q403-
0108. The operating voltage is set with the adjuster VR4O1 across the ++27V input.
To intensify the beam only when the sweep is in operation, the unblanking action is used. The control signal
from Q607 is amplified to apply approximately 70 Vpp to grid no. 1 of the CRT.
‘Voltage Calibrator
‘The 0.5 Vpp voltage used in calibration of the vertical sensitivity is generated with @ multivibrator Q201-Q202.
‘The square waveform, at 1kHs is fed to the amplifier Q203. The output voltage is taken off the adjuster VR2O1 in
the collector ereuit
Power Supplies
The following power supplies are used in the operation
Regulated + 21Y |) Asef, cme bts Voltage calibrator,
-2v CRT high voltage generation.
= 1500) CRT acceleration voltage.
Unregulated + 130V Unblanking circuit (Q404),
Astigmatism adjuster,
Vertical deflection stage.
+ 150 Horizontal deflection stage.
(C25) MAINTENANCE
5.1 General
In this section, the performance checks and the internal adjustments, when required will be described.
Precautions:
1. Checks should be made after « 30 minute warmup.
2 Care must be exercised not to come in contact with the high voltage, 1500 V approximately, when
checking the CRT circuit.
3. Voltage checks at the test points, TP, should be made with the AC line voltage set between 112 and
usv.
5.2 Exposing the Chassis
‘The covers are removed by unscrewing the nine serews which hold them to the frame, Fig. 51
‘When the carrying case is used, the bolts for the handle must be taken off first, Fig. 52,
Fig. 51 Removing the cover screws
Fig. 2. Removing the handle.
(26) 5.3 Location of Adjusters and Test Points
On the inside of the top and bottom covers, labels axe pasted which indicate the location of the different
adjusters and test points. Prefix “TP” indicates the test points.
(LB0-801 MAIN label) (LBO-201 VAMP abel)
(Auenustor Trimmers, top view label)
(Cut for side view)
TIME BASE SWITCH
Yorn 20-10-5401 VRd05:_ASTIG_ADJ_
Vo702: 2-1s/DIV
C27) CRT Cireuit
5.4.1 Limited control of spot intensity
If the spot cannot be extinguished or made to appear with the INTENsity control, check the following voltages
and adjust if necessary.
TEST POINT VOLTAGE, V ADJUSTER
TP 305, +a 2 VRa01
TP 306 -2 22 VRa02
‘TP 402 — 1500 + 100 VRaoL
Assuming that the voltage are proper, set the controls as follows :
INTENsity as shown at the right
yas sh the Fil INTEN
‘TRIG LEVEL to AUTO (switched)
‘TIME/DIV to 5 ms
‘Set the INTEN adjuster to a suitable brightness of the spot.
5.4.2 Sloping of the horizontal trace
‘When the axis of the CRT is oriented $60? in the horizontal plane, there may be a slight sloping of the trace
about 0.1 to 0.2 div per 10div. ‘This amount can be corrected by loosening the hood and
adjusting the graticule. (Ifthe sloping is great, then the CRT must be repositioned by loosening the clamp at front of
the CRT, CARE! High voltage, 1500 V approx., is present at the INTENsity and FOCUS controllers and caution
must be exercised.)
5.43 Proper focussing cannot be achieved
from the horizonts
If at the operating intensity, the vertical or horizontal display is n
ASTIGmatism adjuster VR405"
NOTE that when adjusted, there is possibility of a slight change, adout 1%, in the vertical amplifier and
time base characteristics.
clear, adjustment is made with the
5.5 CAL 0,.5Vpp Output
‘The calibration voltage at 0.5 Vpp can be checked with a digital voltmeter or a scope with accurate voltage
calibration.
‘The proper voltage is 05 Vpp + 3.%. If necessary, adjust VR201 CAL adjuster.
5.6 Vertical Amplifier Circuit
5.6.1 Improper Square Wave Display
“The display of the square wave input should be clear cut. Ifnot, then adjustments must be made using a high
grade square generator at about 1kHz and a capacitance meter. The latter is used adjusting the input capacitance
with Cys to 40 pF.
‘Trimmers for the different attenuator pads are listed in CHART 51.
(28) CHART 51 ATTENUATOR TRIMMERS
In the adjustments, the steps are made in the order given in CHART 52.
CHART §2 ORDER OF TRIMMER ADJUSTMENTS
‘TRIMMERS
VoutsDIv | ——_—
STEP 5 FOR 40 pF INPUT
SETTING BW
SQUARE WAVE Co : won
1 veto
2 0.02 vous vous
3 0.05 vous veuor
4 on voto vero.
5 02, 05 CHECK ONLY
6 1 vero ve1s
7 2 5 CHECK ONLY
NOTES: 1. The steps in adjustment must not be changed.
2, If equipment for the 40pF input capecitance measurement is not available, adjust the Ce
trimmer only.
5.6.2 Vertical shift when VOLTS/DIV switch is adjusted
Control settings for check :
AC-DC-GND switch to GND.
TIME)DIV switch to AUTO (switched)
Short the VERTICAL INPUT to ground
Rotate the VOLTS/DIV from 0.01 to 0.1 div.
‘The vertical shift tolerance is less than 0.1 div.
If the shift is less than about 0.54div but affect the measurements, correction can be made with the gate
‘current adjuster VRSOL.
Ifthe shift is over 0.5 div, Ieakage of the order of S:nA may be present in D503, D504 and Q501 caused by
humidity condi
is required.
mns. Check by dring with forced hot air on these components. If the trouble persists, replacment
Ca) 5.6. Vertical shift when VARIABLE of VOLTS/DIV is adjusted.
Control settings for check :
AC-DC-GND switeh to GND.
TIME/DIV switch to AUTO (owitched)
Rotate the VARIABLE control.
‘The shift should not exceed 1 div
If the shift is over this amount and affects the measurements, adjustments are required. Note, however, that
the sensitivity and bandwidth characteristics are not affected,
STEP 1 Set the VARIABLE knob to fully clockwise.
Note the position of the trace on the scale.
STEP 2 Set the VARIABLE knob to fully counterclockwise.
STEP 3 Adjust VR504 DC BAL adjuster to return the trace to the position in STEP 1.
STEP 4 Repeat STEPS 1, 2 and 3 as required to produce a no shift condi
5.6.4 Compression of veartical trace.
When the displayed waveform is distorted by compression, or “clipping effect” at the peaks, regardless of the
vertical positioning control, it is an indication of improper bias on the inpat FET’s Q501 and Q502.
Assuming that the FET’s are functioning properly, voltage at TPSO1 and ‘TP502 shold be 0.5 V. If not within
£03V of OSV, adjust VR502 and/or VR503.(The voltmeter must have a resistance of 10k@ or higher in the
range used)
‘The voltage at the two points must be the same, otherwise the DC balance will be upset and requires @
adjustment of VR504 mentioned in the previous section, 5.6.8,
‘When replacing the FET’s Q501 and Q502, a mached
within £105. Typical Inss is SmA at Vos = OV abd Vos =
must be selected in which the drain current Ings is
ov.
5.6.5 VOLTS/DIV calibration is off.
Control settings for check
TIME/DIV switch to AUTO (switched).
VOLTSIDIV switch to 0.1 V and VARIABLE to CAL'D.
Connect the CAL 05 Vpp to the vertical input.
‘The trace should cover 5 40.2 vertical divisions. If not adjust VR505 GAIN adjuster for the Sdiv
amplitude.
5.7 ‘Time Base Cireuit
5.1.1 No syne action or no display.
Control setting for check
‘TIME/DIV switch to 5 ms.
Faults: 1. Trace cannot be extinguished when the TRIG LEVEL control is rotated fully in the ++ or ~
dicection.
2, Trace does not apper when the TRIG LEVEL switch is set to AUTO (switched).
Adjustments =
STEP 1. Control settings
TIME/DIY switch to Sms.
AC-DC-GND switeh to GND.
(30) STEP 2, Rotate the TRIG LEVEL control to full + or ~ direction and set VR603 STAB adjuster to the point
where the trace just appears,
Note this setting.
STEP 3. Set the TRIG LEVEL control to AUTO (switched) and set VR603 adjuster to the point where the trace
just disappears.
Note this setting.
STEP 4, Finally, set VR603 at the position midway between the settings, see Fig. 53.
STEP _4_
(R603 and serew driver)
STEP 2
R603
STAB
Fig. 53. Stability adjustments.
5.7.2 TRIG SLOPE control effective only in one direction, + or ~.
Under the AUTO (free running) sync condition, when the TRIG SLOPE control is effective only in the + or
- direction, check the voltage at test points TP605 and TP606.
The voltage should be approximately ~7V at both points. If not, adjust VR602 AUTO BAL adjuster.
5.7.3 Sweep timing incorrect on all ranges.
‘An accurate time marker or a wideband signal generator is required in the checking.
When there is an error of more than :t 5 $ in timing at all ranges, adjust VR702 WIDTH adjuster.
AS shown in Fig. 5-4, the L1th pulse must lie exactly on the 1th vertical line, If the pulse is +0.5 div off, the
error is £5 %.
123456789101
Fig. 54 Timing pulse display.
In the calibration, VR702 WIDTH adjuster is set at the point where pulses in the range 0.2 ms to 1s are
applied at the respective TIME/DIV settings. The final setting of VR702 is made at the averaged point.
When a signal generator (sine wave) is used in the calibration, the adjacent peaks will lie on one division of
the scale; refer to CHART 53 for the TIME/DIV VS. frequency relationship.
C31) CHART 53. TIME/DIV VS. FREQUENCY
TIME/DIV SETTING
renguency | TIMEIDIV serTING | raEguENcy
ANDTIME PERCYCLE| ie AND TIMEPERC¥CIE| tte
028 5 0.5 me 2k
ots 10 0.2 ms 5k
50 ms 20 0.1 ms 10K
20 ms 50 5 0n8 20%
10 ms 100 204 50%
‘5 ms 200 10 us 100k
2 ms 500 5 ps 200k
Lm 1k 2a 500k
1s iM
5.7.4 Sweep timing incorrect on 20106 ys and 21 ys ranges
‘When only these ranges are
display given in Section 5.7.3 above.
RANGE
20-10-5 ps
alps
5.7.5 TV-V and TV-H width adjustment.
only.
correct in timing, adjustments are made in the same manner for the L-pulse
ADJUSTER
ver
ver2
At each setting of the TIME/DIV switch, to eycles of the respective TV signals should cover 10 scale divisions.
If there is @ discrepancy, adjustment is made as shown below.
SETTING
TV-v
TWV-H
ADJUSTER
‘VR704
‘VRI05
Use of two input signals, TV and pulse, is shown in Fig. 55.
(3
2) TV SIGNAL INPUT
TV
tH b+
FOR REFERENCE
TIMING PULS!
Pulses
i 10 ms at 3.div separation
ae ry (R09
50 us pulses at 4 div separation
Tw | (VR705)
Fig. 55 TV-V and TV-H adjustments.
6.7.6 MAG XS adjustments,
A. Calibration is off :
‘When the sweep is not magnified (expanded) properly at five times, adjust VR803 MAG 3 adjuster.
B, Trace shift at MAG x5:
‘When the portion of the display is centered on the scale but shifts in p
the knob is pulled, adjust VR804 MAG CENTER adjuster for centering.
n by 2 oF 8 divisions when
5.7.7 Horizontal shift when VARIABLE at EXT H IN is adjusted.
6.
Connect a signal to the EXT H IN socket and set the Mag x5 switch to on,
If the trace shifts by more than 2 or three divisions, set VR801 DC BAL adjuster to the point where the shift
is eliminated, or minimum,
Replacement of CRT
Disconnect the AC plug from the AC line.
Disconnect the CRT socket.
‘Loosen the clamp at the front
Remove the shield holding screw.
Holde the CRT and shield together and after moving them slightly towards the back, pull out both units,
‘Take care that you do not drop the CRT.
(33) 7, Removal of Vertical Amplifier PCB for Inspection
1, Remove the screw holding it in place, Fig. 56.
Fig. 56 Removing the PCB screw.
2. Disconnect the six connections with pin leades,
When reconnecting the pins, inspect the contacts for good connection ; reshape the pins if necessary.
3, Remove the PCB from the connector.
8. Shield Plate Removal
‘When inspecting or checking the time base Section, the shield plate between the vertical and horizontal circuits
aust be removed.
“Unscrew the three screws and remove the plate, Fig. 67.
Fig. 57 Removing the shield plate,
(34) 9 Pin Connections, Transistors and CRT
NAME TYPE CONNECTIONS
1. Emiter
2SAS61 PNP
2. Collector
28499 NPN
3. Base
a 1. Emitter
2SC154C %
NPN to 2, Base
28506
1© 8. Collector (case)
1. Emiter
280158 NPN 2
3
1
28C885A/28C515,
NPN 2 Emitter
28C1
1059 3. Collector (ese)
| 1. Collector
asciois NPN 2 Base
3 Emitter
1. Emitter
2sp160 NPN 2. Base
3. Collector (case)
1. Souree
2SK34 rer 2 Gate
3 Drain
‘'M6525B1B/75AKB1 RT ‘Transistors and Checking
‘Transistors can be checked quickly with an chmmeter, using the Rx100 or Rx1000 range. (Disconnect the
power supply.)
‘By considering transistors as two diodes with a common connection, tests can be made in the same manner as
when determining their quality, see Fig. 58,
NPN TYPE, PNP TYPE
EMITTER “ep rcoLecron ee COLLECTOR
BASE BASE
OHMMETER OHMMETER
HIGH RESISTANCE LOW RESISTANCE
Fig. 8 Condition for a good transistor.
(36) i.
VOLTAGE AND WAVEFORM CHART
TP No.
‘TP201 +6V
TPO +150
‘TP302 +1900
‘TP 308 + ov
TPs04 ~ sv
‘TP905 + 2v
“TP06 - av
‘TP307 - sv
TPa01 +LIV
—ov
‘TPav2 ~ 1500V
‘TP505 +05V
‘TP502 +05
‘TP50a +2Vv
—ov
‘TP601
—23V
+199
‘Peon (4 =,
-14V
a ret
—1L5V
—+0.2V
‘TP 604
—LIL_—_—oav
‘TP605
“TPE06 ~1v
‘TPaot ov
VOLTAGE AND WAVEFORM
(37) ‘Name and Number of PCB's
V AT Tenustor T-359
HY OSCillator Ta
‘VECTORSCOPE, T-376
‘V AMPlifier T-378
MAIN T3809
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