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Constants

This document lists fundamental physical constants and their values including the speed of light, charge of an electron, gravitational constant, Planck's constant, Boltzmann constant, and others. It also includes other useful constants like the mechanical equivalent of heat, standard atmospheric pressure, absolute zero temperature, and the electron volt. The source is the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

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68 views1 page

Constants

This document lists fundamental physical constants and their values including the speed of light, charge of an electron, gravitational constant, Planck's constant, Boltzmann constant, and others. It also includes other useful constants like the mechanical equivalent of heat, standard atmospheric pressure, absolute zero temperature, and the electron volt. The source is the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Uploaded by

VZCL123
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Fundamental Physical Constants*

Name Symbol Value


Speed of light in vacuum c 2.99792458 * 108 m>s
Magnitude of charge of electron e 1.602176634 * 10 - 19 C
Gravitational constant G 6.6.67408(31) * 10 - 11 N # m2>kg 2
Planck’s constant h 6.62607015 * 10 - 34 J # s
Boltzmann constant k 1.380649 * 10 - 23 J>k
Avogadro’s number NA 6.02214076 * 1023 molecules>mol
Gas constant R 8.314462618 c J>mol # K
Mass of electron me 9.10938356(11) * 10 - 31 kg
Mass of proton mp 1.672621898(21) * 10 - 27 kg
Mass of neutron mn 1.674927471(21) * 10 - 27 kg
Magnetic constant m0 1.25663706 * 10-6 Wb>A # m 1approximate2 _ 4p * 10-7 Wb>A # m
Electric constant P0 = 1>m0 c2 8.854187817 * 10-12 C2>N # m2 1approximate2
1>4pP0 8.987551787 * 109 N # m2>C2 1approximate2

Other Useful Constants*


Mechanical equivalent of heat 4.186 J>cal 115° calorie2
Standard atmospheric pressure 1 atm 1.01325 * 105 Pa
Absolute zero 0K -273.15°C
Electron volt 1 eV 1.6021766209(98) * 10 - 19 J
Atomic mass unit 1u 1.660539040(20) * 10 - 27 kg
Electron rest energy me c2 0.5109989461(31) MeV
Volume of ideal gas 10°C and 1 atm2 22.413962(13) liter>mol
Acceleration due to gravity (standard) g 9.80665 m>s2
*Source: National Institute of Standards and Technology (http://physics.nist.gov/cuu). Numbers in parentheses show the
uncertainty in the final digits of the main number; for example, the number 1.6454(21) means 1.6454 { 0.0021. Values
shown without uncertainties are exact. The exact values of the magnitude of the charge of the electron, Planck’s constant, the
Boltzmann constant, Avogadro’s number, and the gas constant are from the redefinitions adopted in 2018. As consequences
of these redefinitions, the values of the magnetic constant and electric constant now have fractional uncertainties of about
2 * 10-10. As of this writing (2018) it was expected that updated values of the magnetic and electric constants, as well as
of all other constants with uncertainties, were to be announced in May 2019. These updated values will be available at
http://physics.nist.gov/cuu.

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