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Cone of Experience

The document discusses Edgar Dale's Cone of Experience, a visual model composed of 11 stages representing the progression of learning experiences from concrete to abstract. It provides examples of concrete and abstract things and explains each stage of the cone from direct experience to verbal symbols.

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14 views18 pages

Cone of Experience

The document discusses Edgar Dale's Cone of Experience, a visual model composed of 11 stages representing the progression of learning experiences from concrete to abstract. It provides examples of concrete and abstract things and explains each stage of the cone from direct experience to verbal symbols.

Uploaded by

carlamaepoblador18
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Theories and Principles in the Use

and Design of Technology Driven


Learning Lessons

House Rules
What is your best experience in life? What did that
experience gave you?
The Cone of Experience
“The Cone is a visual
analogy, and like all
analogies, it does not bear
an exact and detailed
relationship to the complex
elements it represents.” -
Edgar Dale

The Cone of Experience


✔ First introduced in Dale’s 1946 book, Audio-Visual Methods in
Teaching.

✔ Designed to “show the progression of learning experiences” (Dale


(1969) p. 108) from the concrete to the abstract

LEARNING THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES Dale’s Cone of Experience


• It is a visual model that is
composed of eleven (11)
stages starting from
concrete experiences at the
bottom of the cone then it
becomes more and more
abstract as it reach the peak
of the cone.
What are some examples of CONCRETE things you can
see and the ABSTRACT things which you cannot see?

Direct and Purposeful


Experience

Direct, First hand Experience


Have a direct participation in
the outcome
Use of all our senses

Contrived Experience

Models and mock- ups


“editing of reality”
Necessary when real
experience cannot be used or
are too complicated

Dramatized Experience

Reconstructed experiences
Can be used to simplify an event
or idea to its most important parts
Divided into two categories
Acting – actual participation (more
concrete)
Observing – watching a
dramatization take place (more
abstract)

Demonstration

Visualized explanation
of an important fact, idea,
or process

Shows how certain


things are done
Exhibits

Something seen by a
spectator

Two types
Ready made
Home-made
Field Trips

❑ Watch people do
things in real
situations

❑ Observe an event
that is unavailable
in the classroom
Recordings, Radio and
Still Pictures

Can often be understood


by those who cannot read
Helpful to students who
cannot deal with the motion
or pace of a real event or
television
No longer involves Visual Symbols

reproducing real situations


Chalkboard and
overhead projector the
most widely used media
Help students see an
idea, event, or process

Verbal Symbol
Two types
Written words – more abstract
Spoken words – less abstract

✔ The Cone of Experience is a visual model, a pictorial device that


presents bands of experience arranged according to degree of
abstraction and not degree of difficulty.
✔ The farther you go from the bottom of the cone, the more abstract the
experience becomes.

✔ People always think differently. Some may think in concrete


terms and some in abstract terms.

✔ Concrete thinking refers to the thinking on the surface


whereas abstract thinking is related to thinking in depth.

• Also, according to Dale, the


arrangement in the cone is not
based on its difficulty but rather
based on abstraction and on the
number of senses involved.
• The experiences in each stages can
be mixed and are interrelated that
fosters more meaningful learning.
THE END

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