A

MINI PROJECT REPORT

On

AUTOMATIC SOLAR SUBMERSIBLE PUMP CONTROL FOR

IRRIGATION

A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the Requirements

for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
By

ALESHWAR DHANUSH-22841A6668
ADDIKI SHIVA KUMAR-22841A6667
BANOTHU MUKESH-22841A6669

Under the esteemed guidance of

Mrs. M. HEMALATHA
Assistant Professor, EEE

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

AURORA’S TECHNOLOGICAL AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE
(Affiliated to JNTU, Hyderabad and approved by AICTE, New Delhi
Parvathapur, Uppal, Hyderabad-500039(2022-23)
AURORA’S TECHNOLOGICAL& RESEARCH INSTITUTE (Affiliated to
JNTU, Hyderabad)
Parvathapur, Uppal, Hyderabad -500039 2022-23

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the work described in this seminar, entitled

“AUTOMATIC SOLAR SUBMERSIBLE PUMP CONTROL FOR

IRRIGATION” which being submitted by me in partial fulfillment for the
award of Bachelor of
Technology in Computer Science And Engineering to AURORA’S
TECHNOLOGICAL AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE is the result of
investigation carried by me under the guidance of Mrs. M. HEMALATHA,
Assistant Professor, EEE.

The work is original and has not been submitted for any degree of this
or any other university.

Place: Hyderabad

Date:

ALESHWAR DHANUSH-22841A6668
 AURORA’S TECHNOLOGICAL& RESEARCH INSTITUTE
(Affiliated to JNTU, Hyderabad)
Parvathapur , Uppal, Hyderabad -500039 2022-23

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the technical seminar report entitled “AUTOMATIC SOLAR
SUBMERSIBLE PUMP CONTROL FOR IRRIGATION” that is being submitted by
(ALESHWAR DHANUSH) in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of Bachelor of
Technology University in (Computer science and Engineering) to the Jawaharlal Nehru
Technological University is a record of Bonafide work carried out by them under my
guidance and supervision. The results embodied in this seminar report have not been
submitted to any other University or institute for the award of any degree or diploma.

Date:

Internal Guide Head of the department

Mrs. M. HEMALATHA Mrs. A. DURGA PAVANI
Assistant Professor Associate Professor
Department of EEE

Principal
DR. A. Mahesh Babu
Professor
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The work has been done during seminar period and it is relay very good
opportunity for us to put theoretical knowledge in to planned exercise with an
solve a problem and also to develop a confidence to face various practical
situation I would also like to express our gratitude to Mr. Dr. A. Mahesh
Babu, Principal, Aurora’s Technological and Research Institute for
providing us congenial atmosphere and encouragement.

I express my sincere thanks to Head of the department Mrs A. Durga Pavani

for giving us the support and his kind attention and valuable guidance to us
throughout this course

I convey thanks to my seminar guide Mrs. M.Hemalatha of department of EEE

for providing encouragement constant support and guidance which was of a
great help to complete this seminar successfully.
 ABSTRACT

My research statement is related to Automatic Solar

Submersible Pump Control for Irrigation. The power industry
is currently at a stage when non-traditional energy technologies
(renewable energy sources) are becoming increasingly in
demand.
This is due to the fact that natural resources based on the use of
organic substances, such as coal, oil and natural gas, are
depleted. At the same time, there is almost no exhaustible
source of energy.
This is, above all, solar energy. One of the most attractive ways
to use solar energy is to directly convert it into electrical
energy in semiconductor photoconverters (solar cells). They
are environmentally friendly, durable, easy to operate,
completely autonomous, not connected with the supply of
communications and can provide electricity almost anywhere.
 CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION 1-2
2. PRINCIPLE 3
3. PROCESS 4-6
4. APPLICATIONS 7
5. PRO’S AND CON’S 8-9
6. CONCLUSION 10
 INTRODUCTION

In recent days, agriculture field farmers are facing many

problems in watering their plants to keep their crops
green in summer season. It’s because they don’t have
correct idea about the availability of the power. Even if
the power is available, they have to wait until the pitch is
properly watered.
Thus this process restricts them to stop doing other
deeds.But, there is a solution, i.e., automatic solar
submersible pump control panel for irrigation. In the trial
of solar based plant irrigationusing submersible pumps,
PV cells are used to generate electricity, which is stored
in rechargeable batteries. These batteries produce power
for the system operation.
A submersible pump controller is used to pump a water
from a boor well to a storage water tank. Then, the water
is drawn by a submersible pump at the slope’s toe, where
the installed sprinklers water the crops or plants.
 PRINCIPLE

These systems work in the sunlight. When sun shines the water
pumping process is a sensible way of solar electric power
utilization throughout the summer, as the water necessity is the
highest. These pumps provide a reliable water source for
plantation.
For any solar based pumping system, the capacity to drive
water is a function of three variable such as power, flow and
pressure.
The following main components are used in this automatic
solar submersible pump control panel for irrigation.
 PROCESS

Solar Panel :

These panels are designed with solar cells composed of

semiconductor materials. The main function of Solar panels is
to convert solar energy into DC electrical energy generally of
12V, which is further used for the rest of the circuit.The
number of cells required and their size depends on the rating of
the load. The collection of solar cells can produce maximum
electricity. But, the solar panel must place exactly at right
angles to the sun rays.

The Source :

Water sources are available in the form of springs, drilled

wells, rivers, ponds, etc.

The Submersible Pump :

This solar system contains a submersible pump, a water tank,
an irrigation pump, associated water pumps. In the site trial,
the submersible pump is kept in a stainless steel case, which is
placed in a well pit at the junction of the open channel and the
natural stream course. The pump controller pumps water to the
water tank at a particular time period as set in the control unit.
This system is designed with 450W of power, which is capable
of pumping 2000 liters of water within 60 minutes. This power
capacity takes into account the height difference between the
water tank and the solar submersible pump.
Charge Controller :

A solar charge controller is very important device in any

solarpower system. It is used to maintain proper charging
voltages of the batteries. The charge controller controls current
and voltage from the solar panel and charges the battery, and
also stops the charging of the battery from over and
undercharging conditions.

Battery :

The Battery is an electric device, that is used to store current

which is produced from the solar panel and supplied to the
corresponding loads. The number of batteries required depend
on the load requirement

Inverter :

The main function of the inverter is that it converts the

battery’s voltage to AC voltage in order to activate then loads.
Therefore, it helps us to run many electronic devices, home
appliances and computers. There are numerous types of
inverters available in the market today.The characteristics of
typical inverters include high switching frequency, high
conversion frequency and less harmonic content, and so on.
APPLICATIONS:

The main goal of this project is to develop an irrigation system

in the field of agriculture by using Solar Energy and it has
many advantages.

The required components are 8051 series Microcontroller, 12V

DC mini submersible pump, Op-Amp, LCD, Solar Panel,
MOSFET, Relay, Motor, Voltage Regulator, Diodes,
Capacitors, Resistors, LED, Crystal and transistors.

The power supply comprises of a step-down transformer,

bridge rectifier,voltage regulator. Wherein the step-down
transformer steps down the voltage to 12 volts AC, and a
bridge rectifier converts AC to DC, then a voltage regulator
regulates the voltage to 5V which is used for the
microcontroller operation.

In this Solar Powered Auto Irrigation System project, we use

solar energy to activate the irrigation pump. The above block
diagram is comprised of sensor parts, which are assembled
using op-amp IC(operational amplifierIC). Op-amp’s are
designed here as a comparator. Two copper wires are injected
into the soil to sense the condition of the soil, whetheit is wet
or dry.
 Pro’s and Con’s

Pros Of Solar Irrigation System (Advantages):

Renewable Source Of Energy:

Solar Panels will fit almost anywhere, but the more space the
better Solar-powered irrigation technology has gained
momentum worldwide as a part of strategies to promote a
climate-friendly and renewable source of energy. Unlike fossil
fuels and other nonrenewable sources of energy, the sun will
not stop blazing anytime soon in the future.

Cons Of Solar Irrigation System (Disadvantages):

High Initial Cost:

Are Solar Panels as efficient as we think?
Even though solar irrigation system is considered to be an
accessible and costeffective alternative to fuel or electricity, the
initial cost for material and installation of the system is
relatively high. The cost of installation is directly related to the
scale of the irrigation system. Unlike with electricity grids, the
farmers have to bear the cost for solar panels, inverters,
batteries, wiring, and installation by themselves.
The power supply comprises of a step-down transformer,
bridge rectifier, voltage regulator. Wherein the step-down
transformer steps down the voltage to 12 volts AC, and a
bridge rectifier converts AC to DC, then a voltage regulator
regulates the voltage to 5V which is used for the
microcontroller operation.
In this Solar Powered Auto Irrigation System project, we use
solar energy to activate the irrigation pump. The above block
diagram is comprised of sensor parts, which are assembled
using op-amp
IC(operational amplifier IC). Opamp’s are designed here as a
comparator. Two copper wires are injected into the soil to sense
the condition of the soil,whether it is wet or dry.
 Conclusion

The main applications for this project are for farmers and
gardeners who do not have abundant time to water their
crops/plants.

It also covers those farmers who are wasteful of water during

irrigation. The project can be extended to greenhouses where
manual management is far and few in between.

The principle can be extended to create completely automated

gardens and farmlands. Collective with the principle of rain
water harvesting, it could lead to massive water savings if
applied in the right way