Designation: D896 − 04 (Reapproved 2010)´1

Standard Practice for

Resistance of Adhesive Bonds to Chemical Reagents1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D896; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
This practice replaces Method 2011.1 of Federal Test Method Standard No. 175a

´1 NOTE—Editorial corrections were made throughout in October 2010.

1. Scope Bonded Plastic Lap-Shear Sandwich Joints in Shear by

1.1 This practice provides a uniform procedure for the Tension Loading
exposure of adhesively bonded substrates to selected environ-
ments. This practice also provides for a qualitative measure of 3. Terminology
the adhesive bond strength using existing standard methods 3.1 Definitions—Many terms in this practice are defined in
after exposure. Terminology D907.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
4. Summary of Practice
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only. 4.1 Specimens are immersed in selected reagents for a
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the specified time and temperature. The specimens are recovered,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the dried, and tested in accordance with selected methods, such as
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Test Methods D1002 or D3164.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5. Significance and Use
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
warnings, see Section 8. 5.1 This practice is designed to determine the general effects
of chemical reagents on the strength of the bonded system. It
2. Referenced Documents cannot distinguish between adsorption in the bulk adhesive or
2.1 ASTM Standards:2 penetration at the adhesive/substrate interface.
B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
6. Apparatus
D471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
D543 Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics to 6.1 The apparatus consists of containers for test specimens
Chemical Reagents and a cabinet for maintaining a temperature of 23 6 3°C (73 6
D907 Terminology of Adhesives 5°F). Other suitable apparatus is required for immersing
D1002 Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single- specimens above and below room temperature.
Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten- NOTE 1—Exercise care in the choice of materials with respect to
sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal) adherend and containers. Confirm that they are unaffected by the chemi-
D1151 Practice for Effect of Moisture and Temperature on cals and solvents used in this practice.
Adhesive Bonds 6.2 Apparatus for making strength tests is specified in the
D3164 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesively method for the property to be measured.

7. Reagents
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on Adhesives
7.1 Directions for preparations of reagents are for approxi-
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.80 on Metal Bonding
Adhesives. mately 1-L quantities. All percentages are by weight.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published October 2010. Originally
7.2 Standard chemical reagents are selected from the list
approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D896 – 04. DOI:
10.1520/D0896-04R10E01. given in Practices D543. Standard oils and fuels are selected
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or from the list given in Test Method D471.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 7.3 Distilled Water—Freshly prepared distilled water is used
the ASTM website. wherever water is specified in this practice.

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

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 D896 − 04 (2010)´1
8. Supplementary Reagents (see 7.1) 10.2 A short time test is permissible for the purpose of
8.1 Hydrocarbon Mixture No. 1: eliminating those materials that are unsuitable or unduly
affected by the reagents, performed on films or suitable
Isooctane (2,4-trimethylpentane) 600 mL
Toluene 200 mL specimens of the adhesive prepared in accordance with the
Xylene 150 mL manufacturer’s instructions with regard to drying time, cure,
8.2 Standard Jet Fuel No. 1: etc.
Toluene 300 mL 10.3 Remove the individual specimen from the reagent.
Cyclohexane 600 mL
Isooctane (2,4-trimethylpentane) 100 mL Rinse aqueous reagents off the specimen with distilled water.
n-Butyl disulfide 10 mL Rinse off other reagents with a suitable organic solvent. Blot
n-Butyl mercaptan (equivalent to 0.005 0.125 g the specimen dry with a clean dry cloth or blotting paper.
weight % of mercaptan sulfur)
Determine the strength of the specimen immediately at a
8.3 Standard Jet Fuel No. 2: temperature of 23 6 3°C (73 6 5°F) in accordance with the
Toluene 300 mL specified method (see Note 5).
Cyclohexane 600 mL
Isooctane (2,4-trimethylpentane) 100 mL 10.4 Using air as the contact medium, condition the control
n-Butyl disulfide 1 mL
n-Butyl mercaptan (equivalent to 0.004 0.010 g specimens at 23 6 3°C and 50 6 5 % relative humidity during
weight % of mercaptan sulfur) the same seven days that the test specimens are exposed to the
8.4 Silicone Fluid (Polydimethysiloxane), having a viscosity chemical treatment. Determine the strength of the control
of 200 mm2/s (200 cSt) at 25°C. specimens, testing in accordance with the specified method and
at a temperature of 23 6 3°C, and calculate the average control
8.5 Engine Antifreeze (Ethylene Glycol), (inhibited).
strength.
8.6 n-Butyl Alcohol (Butanol-1). 10.4.1 When an alternative temperature is selected for
8.7 Brake Fluid. exposure of test specimens (see Note 3 and Note 5), hold the
8.8 Automotive Power Steering Fluid. (Warning—The control specimens in a closed container for the seven-day
supplemental reagents may be toxic or flammable.) period at the same temperature as the test specimens. Return
the controls to 23 6 3°C before testing.
NOTE 2—Reagent substitution is acceptable provided such reagents are
within the general scope of this practice. NOTE 4—Adhesives may be subjected to salt spray (fog) testing. Use
Test Method B117.
9. Test Specimens NOTE 5—Selection of an alternative temperature for determining the
strength of the specimen is permissible upon agreement between the
9.1 The test specimens are identical with those required in purchaser and the manufacturer. The alternative temperature is selected
ASTM test methods for the strength properties to be measured, from the table in Practice D1151.
and the conditioning period before exposure corresponds to the
conditioning period before testing as given in the specified 11. Report
ASTM test method.
11.1 Report the following information:
9.2 Select matched specimens for control and exposure
11.1.1 The individual and average strength property values
treatments.
of the control specimens and the temperature at which the
values were determined.
10. Procedure
11.1.2 Report the following information for each adhesive
10.1 Place each specimen in a separate container and totally tested in all the standard reagents and any specified supple-
immerse in a sufficient quantity of the reagent for seven days at mentary reagents:
a temperature of 23 6 3°C (73 6 5°F) (Note 3). Place the
specimen on edge in the container in the case of flat specimens 11.1.2.1 Immersion time and temperature,
so that it is supported at an angle from the bottom and side wall 11.1.2.2 Strength property value of each specimen and
of the container. Stir the reagent every 24 h by moderate temperature at which value was determined,
manual rotation of the container. Maintain the strength of the 11.1.2.3 Percentage change in average strength resulting
chemical solutions constant. Use completely closed containers from the immersion test, calculated to the nearest 1 % taking
to minimize outgassing or any change in concentration (for the average strength property value of control test specimens as
example, due to hygroscopicity). Where the reagent-specimen 100 %,
combination may result in vaporizing or outgassing, select the 11.1.2.4 General appearance and behavior of each specimen
container to withstand the pressure resulting from the test during and after immersion,
temperature so that the test reagent stays liquid. 11.1.2.5 Type of specimen,
10.1.1 The volume of reagent used is ten times the volume
11.1.2.6 Trade name and type of adhesive used,
of the specimen.
11.1.2.7 ASTM designation of materials and test method
NOTE 3—Selection of an alternative test temperature and immersion used, and
time is permissible upon agreement between the purchaser and the
manufacturer. The alternative test temperature may be selected from the 11.1.2.8 Application, drying, and curing conditions used in
table in Practice D1151. preparing the specimens.

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 D896 − 04 (2010)´1
12. Precision and Bias 13. Keywords
12.1 This is a comparative test of adhesive strength after 13.1 absorption; adhesive bonds; chemical; compatibility;
exposure. Precision and bias is a function of the test methods exposure; reagents; resistance
selected. No precision and bias are needed.

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