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Virtual Function: #Include #Include

The document discusses virtual functions, early binding, late binding, function overriding, friend functions, and inline functions. It also discusses writing to and reading from files in C++.

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Byg Basher
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18 views17 pages

Virtual Function: #Include #Include

The document discusses virtual functions, early binding, late binding, function overriding, friend functions, and inline functions. It also discusses writing to and reading from files in C++.

Uploaded by

Byg Basher
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Virtual Function

#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>

class Base {
public:
virtual void display() {
cout << "Base class display function" <<
endl;
}
};

class Derived : public Base {


public:
void display() {
cout << "Derived class display function" <<
endl;
}
};
void main() {
Base* basePtr;

Base baseObj;
Derived derivedObj;

basePtr = &baseObj;
basePtr->display();

basePtr = &derivedObj;
basePtr->display();

getch();
}
Output:
Early Binding

#include <iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

class A {
public:
void display() {
cout << "Base class is invoked" << endl;
}
};

class B : public A {
public:
void display() {
cout << "Derived class is invoked" << endl;
}
};
int main() {
A a; // object of base class
B b; // object of derived class

a.display();
b.display();

getch();
}

Output:
Late Binding

#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
class A {
public:
virtual void display() {
cout << "Base class is invoked" << endl;
}
};

class B : public A {
public:
void display() {
cout << "Derived class is invoked" << endl;
}
};
int main() {
A* a; /
B b;

a = &b;
a->display();

getch();
}

Output:
Function Overriding

#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>

class Animal {
public:
void makeSound() {
cout << "Animal makes a sound." << endl;
}
};

class Dog : public Animal {


public:
void makeSound() {
cout << "Dog barks." << endl;
}
};
void main() {
Animal animal;
Dog dog;

animal.makeSound();
dog.makeSound();

getch();
}

Output:
Friend Function

#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>

class MyClass {
private:
int data;
public:
MyClass(int d) : data(d) {}
friend void printData(const MyClass& obj);
};

void printData(const MyClass& obj) {


cout << "Data: " << obj.data << endl;
}

void main() {
int value;
cout << "Enter a value: ";
cin >> value;

MyClass obj(value);
printData(obj);

getch();
}
Output:
Inline Function

#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
inline int square(int num)
{
return num * num;
}
void main()
{
int number;
cout << "Enter a number: ";
cin >> number;
cout << "Square of the number: " <<
square(number) << endl;

getch();
}
Output:
File Handling (Write Function)

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<fstream.h>

int main()
{
char arr[100];

cout<<"Enter Your Name and Age :


"<<endl;
cin.getline(arr,100);

ofstream myfile("Anime Topics.txt");

myfile<<arr;
myfile.close();
cout<<"File write operation performed
successfully"<<endl<<endl;

getch();
}

Output:
File Handling (Read Function)

#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <fstream.h>

int main()
{
char filename[50];
cout << "Enter the name of the file to read: ";
cin.getline(filename, 50);

ifstream inputFile(filename);
// Open file for reading
if (inputFile)
{
char data[100];
while (!inputFile.eof())
{
inputFile.getline(data, 100);
cout << data << endl;
}
inputFile.close(); // Close the file
}
else {
cout << "Failed to open the file." << endl;

getch();
}
Output:

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