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Introduction To Microcontroller & Arduino

The document introduces microcontrollers and Arduino. It defines what a microcontroller is, its basic components, and how it is integrated onto a single chip. It also defines what Arduino is and how it can be used as a prototyping platform to read inputs and output them to devices like LEDs and motors by programming the microcontroller.

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productivearts789
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9 views

Introduction To Microcontroller & Arduino

The document introduces microcontrollers and Arduino. It defines what a microcontroller is, its basic components, and how it is integrated onto a single chip. It also defines what Arduino is and how it can be used as a prototyping platform to read inputs and output them to devices like LEDs and motors by programming the microcontroller.

Uploaded by

productivearts789
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 1: Introduction to Microcontroller

Introduction to Arduino: Microcontrollers used in Arduino, Pin configuration and


architecture, Concept of

digital and analog ports.

What is a Microcontroller?

A microcomputer made on a single semiconductor chip is called single-chip


microcomputer.

Since, single chip microcomputers are generally used in control applications, they are also
called

microcontrollers.

Microcontroller contains all essential components of a microcomputer such as CPU, RAM,

ROM/EPROM, I/O ports, Timers/Counters, Clock generator circuitry, Interrupt circuit,


Accumulator,

Program Counter, Stack Pointer, and General-Purpose Registers etc.

A microcontroller is denoted with μC or uC. The fabrication technology used for its
controller is

VLSI. An alternate name of the microcontroller is the embedded controller. At present,


there are different

microcontrollers types that are existing in the market like 4-bit, 8-bit, 64-bit & 128-bit. It is a
compressed

microcomputer used to control the embedded system functions in robots, office


machines, motor

vehicles, home appliances & other electronic gadgets.

The following image shows the basic

components of a Microcontroller. As all the

components (and a few other components) are

integrated on a single chip (Integrated Circuit – IC), a

Microcontroller can be considered as a


Microcomputer (or a Computer on – chip).

Defining Arduino

Arduino is an open-source prototyping platform in electronics based on easy-to-use


hardware

and software. Subtly speaking, Arduino is a microcontroller based prototyping board which
can be used

in developing digital devices that can read inputs like finger on a button, touch on a screen,
light on a

sensor etc. and turning it in to output like switching on an

LED, rotating a motor, playing songs through a speaker etc.

The Arduino board can be programmed to do anything

by simply programming the microcontroller on board using a

set of instructions for which, the Arduino board consists of a

USB plug to communicate with your computer and a bunch

of connection sockets that can be wired to external devices

like motors, LEDs etc. The aim of Arduino is to introduce the

world of electronics to people who have small to no

experience in electronics like hobbyists, designers, artists etc.

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