INTRODUCTION TO MICROPROCESSOR 8085

 Aim
Familiarize with 8085 trainer kit and simulator gnusim8085
 Architecture of 8085Microprocessor
a) General purposeregisters
It is an 8 bit register i.e. B, C, D, E, H, and L. The combination of 8 bit register is known as
register pair, which can hold 16 bit data. The HL pair is used to act as memory pointer is
accessible to program.
b) Accumulator
It is an 8 bit register which hold one of the data to be processed by ALU and stored the result
of the operation.
c) Program counter(PC)
It is a 16 bit pointer which maintains the address of a byte entered to line stack.
d) Stack pointer (SP)
It is a 16 bit special purpose register which is used to hold line memory address for line next
instruction to be executed.
e) Arithmetic and logical unit
It carries out arithmetic and logical operation by 8 bit address it uses the accumulator content
as input the ALU result is stored back into accumulator.
f) Temporary register
It is an 8 bit register associated with ALU hold data, entering an operation, used by the
microprocessor and not accessible to programs.
g) FlagsFlag register is a group of fire, individual flip flops line content of line flag register
will change after execution of arithmetic and logic operation. The line states flag sare
i) Carry flag(C)
ii) Parity flag(P)
iii) Zero flag(Z)
iv) Auxiliary carry flag(AC)
v) Sign flag(S)
h) Timing and control unit
Synchronous all microprocessor, operation with the clock and generator and control signal
from it necessary to communicate between controller and peripherals.
i) Instruction register and decoder
Instruction is fetched from line memory and stored in line instruction register decoder the
stored information.
j) Register Array
These are used to store 8 bit data during execution of some instruction.
 PIN Description

a) Address Bus
1. The pins Ao – A15 denote the address bus.
2. They are used for most significant bit.
b) Address / Data Bus
1. AD0 – AD7 constitutes the address / Data bus.
2. These pins are used for least significant bit.
c) ALE: (Address Latch Enable)
The signal goes high during the first clock cycle and enables the lower order address bits.
d) IO / M
1. This distinguishes whether the address is for memory or input.
2. When these pins go high, the address is for an I/O device.
e) S0 – S1
S0 and S1 are status signal which provides different status and functions.
f) RD
1. This is an active low signal.
2. This signal is used to control READ operation of the microprocessor.
g) WR
1. WR is also an active low signal.
2. Controls the write operation of the microprocessor.
h) HOLD
1. This indicates if any other device is requesting the use of address and data bus.
i) HLDA
1. HLDA is the acknowledgement signal for HOLD.
2. It indicates whether the hold signal is received or not.
j) INTR
1. INTE is an interrupt request signal.
2. IT can be enabled or disabled by using software.
k) INTA
1. Whenever the microprocessor receives interrupt signal
2. It has to be acknowledged.
l) RST 5.5, 6.5, 7.5
1. These are nothing but the restart interrupts.
2. They insert an internal restart junction automatically.
m) TRAP
1. Trap is the only non-maskable interrupt.
2. It cannot be enabled (or) disabled using program.
n) RESET IN
1. This pin resets the program counter to 0 to 1 and results interrupt enable and HLDA
flip flops.
o) X1, X2
These are the terminals which are connected to external oscillator to produce the
necessary and suitable clock operation.

p) SID
This pin provides serial input data
q) SOD
This pin provides serial output data
r) VCC and VSS
 1. VCC is +5V supply pin
2. VSS is ground pin
s) Specifications
1. Processors
Intel 8085 at 6.144 MHz clock
2. Memory
Monitor RAM: 0000 – IFFF
EPROM Expansion: 2000 –
3FFF
System RAM: 8000 – FFFF
RAM Expansion: 4000 –
7FFF
3. Input /Output Parallel: Four 8255 are used by the system to implement PROM
programmer, The two other are available to the users giving its programmable I/O lines
4. Serial: Only one number RS 232-C, Compatible, crucial interface using8251A
5. Timer: 3 channels-16 bit programmable units, using 8253 channel ‘0’ used for no
band late.
6. Clock generator: Channel ‘1’ is used for single stopping used program.
7. Display: 6 digits – 7 segments LED display with filter 4 digit for adder display and 2
digits for data display using 8279
8. Key board: 21 keys, soft keyboard including common keys and hexa decimal keys
using 8279.
9. RES: Reset keys allow terminating present activity and retaining to its on initialize
state. INT: Maskable interrupt connect to CPU’s RST 3 interrupt.
DEC: Decrement the adder by 1.
EXEC: Execute line particular value after selecting address through go command.
NEXT: Increment the address by 1 and then display its content.
10. System Power Consumption
Micro BSEB2 MICRO SSEB
+5V @ 1Amp +5V@ 800 mA
+12V @ 200 mA
- 12V @ 100 mA EE0310-Microprocessor & Microcontroller Lab

11. Power Supply Specification

MICRO SSEM
230V, AC @ 80
Hz
+5V @ 600 mA
About GNUSim8085

GNUSim8085 is a graphical simulator,

assembler and debugger for the Intel 8085
microprocessor in Linux and Windows

Features:

- A simple editor component with syntax highlighting.

- A keypad to input assembly language instructions with appropriate arguments.
- Easy view of register contents.
- Easy view of flag contents.
- Hexadecimal Decimal converter.
- View of stack, memory and I/O contents.
- Support for breakpoints for program debugging.
- Stepwise program execution.
- One click conversion of assembly program to opcode listing.
- Printing support (known not to work well on Windows).
- UI translated in various languages.

GNU 8085 Simulator is a free software application from the Other subcategory, part of
the Education category. The app is currently available in English and it was last updated
on 2010-04-02. The program can be installed on 32-bit MS Windows (NT/2000/XP) All
POSIX (Linux/BSD/UNIX-like OSes).