PAPER – 5

CLASS – XII

General Same
1. A circular coil of write consisting of 100 turns, each of radius 8.0 cm carries a current
of 0.40A. What is the magnitude of magnetic filed B at the centre of the coil?
2. As soon as current is switched on a high voltage line, the bird sitting on it flies away,
why?
3. Why is a common emitter amplifier preferred over common base amplifier?
4. Why is the de Brodlie wavelength associated with macroscopic objects (cricket ball,
car etc.) not observed in daily life?
5. In the given figure, will you observe the interference fringes on the screen?

6. Sketch a graph showing variation of reactance of a capacitor with frequency of the

applied voltage.
7. Identify the logic age P and Q in the given logic circuit.

8. Which have the greatest penetrating power?  particles,  particles or  particles.

9. Two conductors A and B have capacities in the ratio 2:3. A is given some charge,
which it shares with B compare the total energy of A and B with initial energy of A.
10. n – identical cells, each of emf and internal resistance r connected in services are
charged by a d. c. sources of emf ', using a resistances R.
i) Draw the circuit arrangement.
 ii) Deduce an expression for charging current.
11. A hypermetropic person whose near point is at 100 cm. wants to read a book at 25
cm. find the nature and power of lens needed.
12. Define the following terms:-
a) Magnetic inclination.
b) Horizontal components of earth.
13. Derive expression for self inductance of a long air cored solenoid of length L. cross
sectional area A and having number of terms N.
14. Explain why
i) A diamond glitters in a brightly lit room, but not in a dark room.
ii) The bubbles of air rising up in a water tank appear silver when viewed from
top.
15. In a potentiometer circuit shown, the balance (null) point is at x. state with reason.
where the balance point will be shifted when.
i) Resistance S is increased, keeping R constant.
ii) Cell P is replaced by another cell whose emf is lower than that of cell Q.

16. State the laws of photoelectric emission on the basis of Einstein's photoelectric
17. Write the relation for
i) The distance of closest approach.
ii) impact parameter.
18. Realize Not gate using transistor.
19. Find the electric field intensity at a point on the equatorial line of electric dipole.
20. A small sphere (metal) carrying charge + Q is located at thecentre of a spherical
cavity in a larg uncharged metal sphere as shown in fig. use Gauss's theorem to find
electric field at Point P1 and P1
21. Derive the relation between current and drift velocity.
22. (a) For circuits used for transporting electric power a low power factor implies larger
power loss in transmission explain.
(b) Show mathematically that an ideal conductor dues not consume any power in an a.
c. circuit.
23. A compound microscope has an objective of focal length 1 cm and an eye piece of
focal length 2.5 cm An object has to be placed at a distance of 1.2 cm away from the
objective for normal adjustment Find the angular magnification and length of
microscope tube.
24. The theshold frequency of a metal is 1s fo when the light of frequency 2 fo is incident
on the metal lat the maximum velocity of electrons emitted is v1. When the frequency
of incident light is increased to 5 fo the maximum velocity of electron emitted is v2.
Find the ratio of v1 and v2.
25. Draw a curve between mass number and average binding energy per nucleon, explain
the energy release in the process of nuclear fission from the plot.
26. Discuss refraction from denser to rarer medium at a convex refractive surface for Real
image.
OR
Show by drawing ray diagram how a totally reflecting glass prism can be used to
deviate a ray through (1) 900 (ii) 1800
27. (a) A cylindrical bar magnet is kept along the axis of a circular coil will there be a
current induced in the coil if the magnet is rotated about its axis Give Reasons.
(b) A bar magnet falls through a ring of wire having a cut so as not to form a closed
loop. Will the acceleration of magnet be equal to the acceleration due to gravity?
State the reason.
28. Discuss the diffraction due to a single slit. Also Find the width of central maxima.
OR
(a) Does the apparent depth of a tank of water charge if viewed obliquely it so does
the apparent depth increase or decrease.
 (b) Derive an expression for fringe width in a two slit interference experiment.
29. (a) A horizontal wire 2 m long carries a current of 4A find the magnitude and
direction of magnetic field which can support the weight of wire. Given mass of
wire is 3 x 10-3 Kg/m.
(b) Why should a solenoid tend to contract when a current passes through it.
OR
(a) Permanent magnets are made of steal while the case of transformer is made of soft
iron why.
(b) What is shunt state its use, Find the relation for current through shunt in terms of
resistance through a galvanometer (self)
30. (a) Draw input and output characteristics for NPN transistor in common Base
configuration (self)
(b) Two amplifies are connected one after the other in series (cascaded). The first
amplifier has a voltage gain of 10 and second has a voltage gain of 20. If the input
signal is O/volt calculate the output ac signal (self).
OR
(a) Draw V. I. characteristic of Zener diode with a circuit diagram explain how a
zener mode act as a voltage regulators.
(b) The number of silicon atoms per m3 is 5 x 10 28. This is doped simultaneously with
5x1011 atoms per m3 of Arsenic and 5 x 10 20 per m3 atoms of indium. Calculate the
number of electrons and holes. Given n i = 1.5 x 1016/m3 Is the material n-type or
p-type.
 ANSWER

1. Here r = 8 x 10-2 m
I = 0.40 A
N = 100
lhNI
We know that B = 2r
2. This happen due to repulsive five.
3. This is due to the fact that current, power and voltage gain in common emitter
configuration is more.

4. We know that  in case of ball, m is large hence  is small.

5. No, this happen because two independent sources can never be current.
6.  - has the greatest pentrating power as it carry no charge.

7. We know xc =

xc α

8. P = NOR
Q = AND
9. A. T. Q.
let c1 = 2c
c2 = 3c
∆ Let Q is the charge given to 'A'

Energy of A U1 =

After sharing V = =

U2 = Total Energy of A & B = (5c)

=
10. The ckt diagram is
(a)

(b) I = (use irchoff = Law for loop ab cda)

11. Here u = -25 cm

v = -100 cm
f=?

Use = =

f = 33.3 cm.

As p = = = 3 Dioptore.

12. Ans (a) the angle between geographic meridian and magnetic meridian at a place is
called magnetic declination angle it is represented by Q.
(b) The angle between earth magnetic field and horizontal of magnetic
meridian is called angle of dip
The component of Earth's magnetic field along horizontal of magnetic
meridian is called horizontal comp. of magnetic field.

13. Consider a solenoid of length r and area A so that n=

Let I is the current through it at any instant

we know B= 0 n I
Flux linked with one turn = (0 n I) A
Total Flux of = 0 n I n - (1)
Also d = LI - (2)
 From 1 & 2

L = 0

14. (a) This can be explained in terms of total internal reflection. Light entering is bright
room suffer TIR whereas in dark room this don't happen.
 (b) This can also be understood in terms of TIR.
15. (a) When S is increased, there is no change is balance point. This happen became at
null point, no current flows through the circuit..
(b) In this case balance point will not be obtained.
16. 1st law – the number of photo electrons emitted in proportional to intensity of light
provide Frequency is grater than threshold frequency.
2nd law – There exist minimum frequency of light for a given substance below which
photoelectric emersion is not possible and is called as threshold frequency.
3rd law – kinetic energy of emitted electron is proportional to frequency of incident light
provided frequency is greater than threshold frequency.
17. The required relation is

r=

b= s

18. The circuit diagram for the same is show below:-

Also IcE = V0 + Ic RL
or Vo = VcE – Ic RL (1)
(i) When a is connected to 1 state, transistor is forward biased , I c will exist, the
output is given by equation (1) and is equal to zero.
(ii) When A is connected to 0 state, Ic doesn't exist. Output is obtained according
to eq. (1)
The truth table is verified.
19. Consider dipole AB of Length 2l with centre 0. We want to calculate EFI at point P such
that oP = r
Join PA and PB is figure below & draw xy parallel to AB through P. as shown in
figure.

EFI at P due to – q

E1 = along PA

EFI at P due to +q

E2 = along PB

Net EFI E= 2E1 GQ [E1 = E2]

=2

or = E = (as q x 2l = p)

20. It is clear from big.

Net charge enclosed by outer sinface = 0
A/c to gaun thrm.

Qe = = 0 Ans.

21. It is average velocity with which free electrons moves towards the positive end of
conductor when external filed is applied.
Consider a conductor of length l and area A and is show in figure below:-
 AV. vet of all free electrons when no ext. field is applied.

av = = 0 (1)

When external field is applied, act. of an electron is given by

Due to this accl. an will move towards the end with velocity

= + 1

Similarly
= + 2

I
I
I
= + n

Av. vel. of free electrons,

=
The magnitude of average velocity is very small and hence is called draft velocity.

22. We know that Average power associate is given by

Pav = Ev Iv ce 
here symbols represents
Ev = Virtual voltage
Iv = Virtual current
 = phase angle
ca = power factor
For a given power P and given E Iv will be large when C is small (That is  is large)
hence power loss will be large accordingly Jonles henting law.
Hence Cn  te power facts should be less to avoid heat loss.
23.

Given fo = 1 cm
fe = 2.5 cm
uo = -1.2 cm.
L=? ,m=?

We know =

V0 = 6 cm.

As m =

= 55
L = V0 + fe
= 6 + 2 – 5 = 8.5 cm.
24. We know that

= hv - 0 (1)

hence v = 2f0, (f0 = Threshold freq.)

(i) become

= h (2f0) – h f0 = h f0

For v = 5 fo

(i) become, = h (5f0) – h f0 = 4 h f0

Divide both, we get, = = Ans.

25. The variation of av. B.E./nucleon with mass no. is show below-
 The curve give us an idea that fission and fusion can take place as B.E./nucleon is less for
lighter and heavy nuclei and hence are less stable. The heavier nucleus can split into mid
size nucleus as they are more stable.
26. The ray diagram is show below

Apply snells law at point A, (glan-to-air)

or = (Angles are small)

or 1 r = 2 i - - - - - - (1)
From  O A C, i=r– - - - - - - - (2)
From  IAC, r=+r - - - - - - - (3)
From (1), (2) and (3)
2 (r - ) = 2 ( + r)

2 - = 1 +

using sign convention

MC = PC = -R
MO = PO = - 
MI = PI = V
Put value, we get

- = -

27. (a) No, induced emp. will be produced.

This happen because  = nBACn

and e=+ =0

Here e = =0
 Hence i = 0.
(b) The induced emf will be produced in this case. This happen because flux associated
with coil changes. However induced current in this case will also be zero because king
offers infinite resistance.
28. Consider monochromatic paint source lie at focus of convex lens. ww' is plane wave
front. Let it incident on slit AB such that AB = d = . Every point on the wave front
behave as fresh source. The diffraction pattern in focused on screen placed at distance D.
this is show in Fig.

Let light diffract through  and reaches at point P. The point P will be maxima or minima
& depends upon path difference b/w wavelets reaching at P from A & B.
It can be seen,
PB – PA = BN = d sin 
Case I Let d = 

 =

Divide slit into two pants such that

AC = CB = d/2
Consider M1 in AC & M2 in CB
such that M1 M2 = d/2
Path difference b/w wavelets reaching P from M1 & M2,

PM2 – PM1 = 

= = /2

Phase difference will be . i.e.

P will be minima.
Case – II Let d  = 

=

Divide slit into three equal part such

that AC = CE = EB =

Now PM2 – PM1 = 

= . =

Light from M1 & M2 will cancel. However light from M3 will remain same. 'P' will be
maxima.

Width of Central Maxima

The distance b/w 1st secondary minima on either side of control paint is called width of
central maxima.

For Minima d sin  = n

d sin  =  (n = 1)
d =  ( is small)

 = (i)

Let 1st minima lies at x.

 = tan  = - (2)

From (1) & (2)

 =

x=

Width = 2x = 2 D. Ans.

OR
Ans. 28(a)
The apparent depth decrease with oblique view as compared to normal view. This can
be understood with the diagram show below:-

Ans. 28(b)
Consider monochromatic light source S ellumiminates two fine slits A & B separated
by small distance 'd'. The interference pattern is observed over screen at Distance D.
Draw AE, OC & BD perpendicular as show in figure.

The Waves from A and B reach P such that, Path difference = BP – AP.

It can be show that,

Path difference =

Case I when = n , P is maxima

 x=n

Put value of n = 0, 1, 2, - - - - - and

Calculate x3 - x2, x3 - x2 - - - - - - soon

= . Thickness of Bright spot.

It is clear bring width is same.

29. (a) Here m = 3 x 10-3 x 2 Kg.

I = 4A
B=?
l = 0.2 cm.
We know F = IlB
In equilibrium,
F = IlB = mg.

B= = 7.35 x 10-3 T.

(b) We know that two linear conductor attracts each other when current passes through
them in same direction. When current is passed Through the solenoid, the current
through various turns passes in same direction hence solenoid contracts.
30. (a) The v-I characteristics of a zener diode in show below.

The zener diode can be used to obtain constant voltage the ckt. diagram for the same
is show below:-
 (i) When Vin > Vz. The resistance of zener diode become less as large current
flows through it. The product of current & Resistance is fixed.
(ii) When Vin < Vz. The resistance of zener diode become more as small current
flows through it. The product of I & R of zener remain same. Hence the result.
(b) Here ne = 5 x 1022-5x102
= 4.95 x 1022/m3
We know that = ne nh
nh = 4.54 x 109/m3 4
As ne ? nh , material is n-type.