Disclaimer

The following is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for information
purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any
material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions. The
development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described for Oracle’s products
remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.

MULTIMODEL DATABASE WITH ORACLE DATABASE 18C

Table of Contents

Introduction 1

Multimodel Database Architecture 2

Multimodel Database Features in Oracle 18c 3

JSON in Oracle Database 5

Graph Database and Analytics in Oracle Spatial and Graph 6

Property Graph Features in Oracle Spatial and Graph 6

RDF Semantic Graph Triple Store Features in Oracle Spatial and Graph 7

Spatial Database and Analytics in Oracle Spatial and Graph 7

Sharded Database Model 8

Oracle XML DB 9

Oracle Text 10

Oracle SecureFiles 10

Storage Optimization in SecureFiles 10

SecureFiles Features in Oracle Database 18c 11

Conclusion 12

0 | MULTIMODEL DATABASE WITH ORACLE DATABASE 18C

Introduction
Over the nearly 40 years in the evolution of commercial relational database management systems, a
consistent pattern has emerged as the capabilities, data types, analytics, and data models have been
developed and adopted. With each new generation of computing architecture – from centralized
mainframe, to client server, to internet computing, to the Cloud – new generations of data
management systems have been developed to address new applications, workloads and workflows.

Today, the successful operation of corporations, enterprises, and other organizations relies on the
management, understanding and efficient use of vast amounts of unstructured Big Data that may
come from social media, web content, sensors and machine output, and documents. Traditional
business applications – finance, order processing, manufacturing, and customer relationship
management systems – that easily conform to standard data structures (such as rows and columns
with well-defined schemas) also contribute to Big Data analysis. Increasingly, deriving business value
for successful operations depends on management, analysis and understanding of information that is
not readily accessible without human or machine based interpretation. Common examples range from
documents, XML, JSON, multimedia content, and web content to specialized information such as
satellite and medical imagery, maps and geographic information, sensor data, and graph structures.
Oracle delivers industry leading multimodel database features that allow customers to easily manage
and integrate non-relational data into business applications, and take full advantage of the
performance, reliability, and security of Oracle Database.

1 | MULTIMODEL DATABASE WITH ORACLE DATABASE 18C

Multimodel Database Architecture

The idea of having specific data models that address the needs of specific classes of applications has existed since
the earliest days of computing. Transactional workloads (OLTP) are supported by data models that differ from those
used in analytic workloads (OLAP). Document and multimedia data rely on formats like XML and JSON. Graph
databases, spatial databases and key-value stores are used for connectivity analysis, geographic analysis and high-
performance lookup, respectively. The concept that different database models are better suited to address the
needs of different applications is now referred to as “Polyglot Persistence”.

One way to address these polyglot requirements is to have separate products that implement a specific database
model to address specific applications. Examples of this include Oracle offerings such as Berkeley DB as a key-
value store, Oracle NoSQL Database as a key-value and sharded database, Oracle TimesTen as an In-Memory
Database, and Essbase for analytic processing. Numerous other open source and proprietary products are also
available to support this single model Polyglot Persistence approach.

As commercial, enterprise relational databases have developed over time, they have encompassed multiple data
models and access methods within a single database management system. This concept is called “Multimodel
Polyglot Persistence,” and it allows many applications to use the same database management system while
continuing to benefit from the unique data model necessary for a specific application.

2 | MULTIMODEL DATABASE WITH ORACLE DATABASE 18C

Multimodel Database Features in Oracle 18c
Oracle Database 18c is a multimodel database management system that supports data formats, access methods
and indexes, and programming languages required by specific workloads while exploiting common administration,
security policies, and transactional and data consistency. It includes an in-memory columnar store, a sharded
database model, as well as a document store, spatial database and graph database. This multimodel approach
simplifies data integration across multiple data formats.

The ways in which these data models are managed in Oracle Database 18c vary based on how the data are created
and used:

» Huge volumes of data in desktop office systems (documents, spreadsheets and presentations) and specialized
workstations and devices (geospatial analysis systems and medical capture and analysis systems)
» Multi-terabyte archives and digital libraries in government, academia and industry
» Image data banks and libraries used in life sciences and pharmaceutical research
» Public sector, telecommunications, utility and energy geospatial data warehouses
» Integrated operational systems including business or health records, location and project data, and related audio,
video and image information in retail, insurance, healthcare, government and public safety systems
» Graph data used in social networks, sensor analysis, recommendation systems, fraud detection, academic,
pharmaceutical and intelligence research and discovery applications
For decades, Oracle database technology has been used to address the unique problems encountered when
managing large volumes of all forms of information. Databases are often used to catalog and reference documents,
images and media content stored in files through “pointer-based” implementations. To store this data inside database
tables, Binary Large Objects, or BLOBs have been available as containers. Beyond simple BLOBs, Oracle Database
has also incorporated a range of data models; intelligent data types and optimized data structures with operators to
analyze and manipulate JSON and XML documents, text, graph, and geospatial information; and Oracle SecureFiles,
an advanced, high-performance, secure LOB storage type.

3 | MULTIMODEL DATABASE WITH ORACLE DATABASE 18C

Organizations choose to store all forms of information in their Oracle database for many reasons:

» Robust Administration, Tuning and Management: Content stored in the database can be directly linked with
associated data. Metadata and content are maintained in sync; they are managed under transactional control.
The database also offers robust services for backup, recovery, physical and logical tuning.
» Simplicity of Application Development: Oracle’s support for a specific type of content includes SQL language
extensions, PL/SQL and Java APIs, as well as algorithms that perform common or valuable operations through
built in operators. For certain content, Oracle Database includes specific query languages such as SQL, XQuery
for XML, SPARQL for RDF graphs, and REST services to access database tables and JSON objects.
» High Availability: Oracle’s Maximum Availability Architecture makes “zero data-loss” configurations possible for all
data. Unlike common configurations where attribute information is stored in the database with pointers to
unstructured data in files, only a single recovery procedure is required in the event of failure.
» Scalable Architecture: In many cases, the ability to index, partition, and perform operations through triggers, view
processing, or table and database level parameters allows for dramatically larger datasets to be supported by
applications that are built on the database rather than on file systems.
» Security: Oracle Database allows for fine-grained (row level and column level) security. The same security
mechanisms are used for all forms of information. When using many file systems, directory services do not allow
fine-grained levels of access control. It may not be possible to restrict access to individual users; in many systems
enabling a user to access any content in the directory gives access to all content in the directory.
Oracle Database includes Property Graph database and analytic features, a sharded database model, a NoSQL-
style JSON store, XML services, Text analytics, Spatial database capabilities and RDF graph database features.
With the 18c release, Oracle Database brings new functionality and improvements to all these features.

4 | MULTIMODEL DATABASE WITH ORACLE DATABASE 18C

JSON in Oracle Database
Modern application developers are choosing to store application data as documents instead of using entity
relationship models backed by relational storage. The primary driver for this switch is the flexibility offered by JSON
or XML based storage. This flexibility has enabled the application developer to be much more responsive to the
needs of the business, as changes to the application data model no longer require changes to the database
schema. This allows applications to be deployed and updated on a much faster cycle. The switch to document-
based persistence has led to the adoption of NoSQL document stores for data persistence.

Oracle Database 18c has been engineered to provide full support for this style of application development. The
Simple Oracle Document Architecture (SODA) specification describes an extremely simple API that allows the
Oracle database to be used as a JSON document store. The SODA API provides support for creating and dropping
document collections, create, retrieval, update and delete (CRUD) operations on documents, List and Query by
Example (QBE) operations on document collections and various ancillary operations such as bulk insert and
indexing. SODA allows application developers to create and deploy applications that manage data using JSON
documents without any knowledge of SQL, JDBC and without requiring any assistance from an Oracle DBA. In
addition to introducing SODA the database itself is now capable of enforcing JSON validity, indexing JSON content,
and using these indexes to optimize operations on JSON content.

Choosing SODA allows application developers to get all the benefits of JSON based persistence without losing any
of the benefits of Oracle’s data management platform. It allows organizations to adopt NoSQL style development
without introducing the complexity of having to manage multiple databases. They can continue to rely on the Oracle
Database to provide them with high availability, scalability, security and recovery.

The other major benefit of choosing to use Oracle Database 18c as a NoSQL-style JSON document store is that you
still have all the power of SQL when you need it. Application developers can create and deploy their applications
without any knowledge of SQL using Query-by-Example techniques to query the application data. However, when it
becomes time to use the data captured by the application in ways other than were envisaged by the application
developer (ad-hoc queries) or perform reporting or analytics on the information contained in the JSON documents,
Oracle Database allows SQL to be used for this purpose. In addition, SODA for C and SODA for PL/SQL let C,
C++, and PL/SQL programs interact with SODA document collections stored in Oracle Database 18c.

Oracle Database extends the SQL language allowing JSON documents to be queried as part of SQL operations.
These extensions allow the full power of SQL to be applied to the content of your JSON documents in a simple and
straightforward manner. They also enable join operations between JSON documents and join operations between
JSON documents and all the other kind of content managed by the Oracle Database, including relational data, and
XML, spatial, semantic, and text Content.

Oracle Database also includes the Oracle Data Guide for JSON, an exciting feature that helps with understanding
the structure of the JSON documents the database is managing. The Oracle Data Guide for JSON dynamically
tracks the structure of JSON documents, allowing you to easily generate relational views over your JSON
documents that enable programmers and tools that have no understanding of JSON to work directly with your JSON
documents.

JSON support in Oracle Database also allows you to:

» Generate JSON documents directly from relational data.

» Perform partial update operations on JSON documents.
» Use Oracle In-Memory database and Oracle Exadata to optimize query operations on JSON documents.
» Store, index, and query spatial JSON types including GeoJSON embedded in JSON documents; and convert
data between JSON and Oracle’s native spatial data type, using Oracle Spatial and Graph.

5 | MULTIMODEL DATABASE WITH ORACLE DATABASE 18C

Graph Database and Analytics in Oracle Spatial and Graph
The Oracle Database has included special-purpose graph database capabilities for over a decade. The Network
Data Model graph is widely used by government, utilities, energy and telecommunications organizations to model
and perform connectivity-based analysis on spatial networks like roads, pipelines, and infrastructure. The standards-
based RDF graph allows statistics bureaus, financial institutions, life sciences and pharmaceutical companies and
government agencies to use semantic web capabilities to publish and share information as part of “linked data”
initiatives.

Property Graph Features in Oracle Spatial and Graph

As enterprise applications incorporate and analyze social network data, sensor and Internet of Things (IoT)
information to discover patterns, relationships and anomalies, general-purpose property graph databases are
becoming part of the information technology landscape. With Oracle Spatial and Graph, we have incorporated into
Oracle Database a high performance, massively scalable property graph database. Unlike other property graph
offerings, it includes dozens of built-in, powerful, parallel, in-memory analytics to simplify the work of software
developers and data scientists and make them more efficient. These algorithms include ranking, centrality,
recommendation, community detection, and path finding for social network, fraud detection, upsell and cross-sell,
influencer detection, and churn analysis applications.

As part of Oracle Database, the graph model resides in database tables and can be queried and filtered using SQL
or a variety of supported APIs. To perform advanced analysis, the graph is loaded into memory where in-memory
analyst (PGX) algorithms are applied. The analytics can either be executed within a Java application or executed in
the multi-user, multi-graph in-memory analyst server environment on Oracle WebLogic Server, Apache Tomcat or
Eclipse Jetty. The output of graph analysis can be another graph, such as a bipartite, filtered, undirected, sorted or
simplified edges graph.

The property graph algorithms can be invoked by Oracle R Enterprise (a feature of Oracle Advanced Analytics to
perform statistical analysis in Oracle Database). Graph data can be indexed using Oracle Text indexing; text queries
are automatically translated into SQL SELECT statements with a "contains" clause. Graph data can be queried with
SQL, and graph queries can include spatial filtering (such as finding results within a certain distance of a location).
Multi-level security can be enforced with graph level access control, and Oracle Label Security can be used for fine-
grained access control to individual graph elements.

Oracle Database 18c property graph capabilities include:

» Support for PGQL, a SQL-like declarative language for querying graph data stored in Oracle Database and
finding in-memory subgraph instances that match a given query pattern.
» New property graph analytics for SQL-based collaborative filtering, also referred to as “social filtering”, enriches
information used in graph-based recommendation systems.
» More in-memory analytics, including new variants of Pagerank, a Personalized SALSA for making
recommendations, K-Core for finding subgraphs by properties, Diameter, Radius, and Eccentricity to analyze
distances in a graph, and PRIM for finding the minimum spanning tree of edges connecting all vertices in an
undirected graph.
» Support for undirected graphs, Node.js client, Apache Zeppelin and an execution and scheduling manager to
better control in-memory analyst tasks and resources.

6 | MULTIMODEL DATABASE WITH ORACLE DATABASE 18C

RDF Semantic Graph Triple Store Features in Oracle Spatial and Graph
The RDF Semantic Graph feature of Oracle Spatial and Graph is a special purpose graph for linked data and
semantic web applications conforming to World Wide Web Consortium standards, common in health sciences,
finance, media, and intelligence communities. Oracle delivers advanced RDF Semantic Graph data management
and analysis with native support for the Resource Description Framework (RDF) and Web Ontology Language
(OWL) standards for representing and defining semantic data and SPARQL, a query language designed specifically
for graph analysis. Application developers benefit from the industry’s leading open, scalable graph data platform and
its fine-grained security.

Application developers can add meaning to data and metadata by defining a set of terms and the relationships
between them. These sets of terms (“ontologies”) enable query, analysis and actions based on semantic content,
rather than simply data values. RDF graph analysis enables discovery of relationships across data sets and
documents and integration and access by applications to systems with disparate metadata.

RDF Semantic Graph features include:

» RDF Views on Relational Tables removing the need to duplicate data. Semantic graph queries on RDF views can
integrate relational data and RDF Semantic Graph triple data stored in Oracle Database.
» Automatic mapping and custom mapping between relational data and triple data using W3C R2RML language
and materializing views.
» RDF Semantic Graph “Named Graph” support as defined by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).
» RDF Semantic Graph support for XML Schema, Text and Spatial Data Types to add, drop, and alter data type
indexes.
» Support OGC GeoSPARQL enables semantic querying of spatial data.
» Native inferencing using RDFS, OWL 2, SKOS, and user-defined rules.
» Support for Apache Jena / Joseki and Sesame endpoints and their associated Java development environments.
» Parallelized loading and DML, querying, and inferencing on RDF/OWL models and faster loading of RDF quads
with long literals (new in 18c)
» Oracle Database In-Memory support; the ability to create an in-memory virtual model using Oracle Database In-
Memory. (new in 18c)
» List-hash composite partitioning (new in 18c)

Spatial Database and Analytics in Oracle Spatial and Graph

Oracle Spatial and Graph delivers the most comprehensive spatial database offering available in the industry today,
including the highest performance native support for vector and raster analysis operations, topology and network
models, 3D data, geocoding, routing, and OGC-standard Web Services. It is designed to meet the advanced
geospatial requirements of the largest enterprise business and government applications such as business
intelligence, land management, telecommunications, utilities, defense, and homeland security, using parallel
architectures, in-memory spatial indexes, and hundreds of spatial algorithms, operators and functions. With open,
native spatial support, Oracle Spatial and Graph eliminates the cost and complexity of separate, proprietary systems

while enabling the use of all leading GIS tools. This extends Oracle’s industry-leading security, performance,
scalability, and manageability to mission critical spatial assets. It is the choice of the most demanding GIS and geo-
enabled applications in the world.

With Oracle Database 18c, Oracle Spatial and Graph includes features for working with microservices and Big Data
data sets for cloud and sensor-based applications:

7 | MULTIMODEL DATABASE WITH ORACLE DATABASE 18C

» Native support for GeoJSON as well as extensions to JSON that support a larger range of 2D and 3D geometries,
solids, surfaces, and LRS geometries, and the ability to convert data between SDO_GEOMETRY and JSON
formats (new in 18c)
» Location data enrichment services tag large collections of documents with location references. The process
associates authoritative location terms (place names, addresses, and latitude / longitude) to text found in
database tables. Users can perform spatial and text analysis on these enriched text sources.
» A map visualization component enables developers to incorporate highly interactive maps and spatial analysis
into business applications. Application content can be combined with maps and data from a variety of web
services and data formats such as GeoJSON. This HTML5 map visualization is deployed in a Java EE container
or in Oracle Java Cloud Service.
» A Location Tracking Server provides fast, continuous location monitoring of thousands of objects within a tracking
network, in the database.
» Spatial support for distributed and Oracle XA transactions used in large scale web and cloud-based applications
with distributed architectures (new in 18c)
» Oracle REST Data Services support for spatial operations in Oracle Database for modern RESTful development
(new in 18c)
» Support for sharded databases with spatial data types (new in 18c)
» More spatial web services features for scalability and usability (new in 18c)

Sharded Database Model

Sharding, a form of horizontal database partitioning that allows for linear horizontal scaling, has become increasingly
popular for many customer-facing web applications, such as e-commerce, mobile, and social media. Such
applications have a well defined data model and data distribution strategy (hash, range, list, or composite) and
primarily access data using a sharding key. Examples of sharding keys include customer ID, account number, and
country_id.

Oracle Database 18c supports sharding. In this architecture stand alone databases are used as individual shards in
the data model. OLTP transactions that access data associated with a single value of the sharding key are the
primary use-case for a sharded database. Examples of this are lookup and update of a customer’s records,
subscriber documents, financial transactions, e-commerce transactions, and the like. Because all of the rows that
have the same value of the sharding key are guaranteed to be on the same shard, such transactions are always
single-shard and executed with the highest performance and provide the highest level of consistency. Multi-shard
operations are supported, but with a reduced level of performance and consistency. Such transactions include
simple aggregations, reporting, and the like, and play a minor role in a sharded application relative to workloads
dominated by single-shard OLTP transactions.

Oracle Sharding sharded databases are useful for Cloud and other applications that benefit from linear scalability,
fault containment, and geographical distribution of data. It can simplify rolling upgrades because applying
configuration changes on one shard at a time does not affect other shards, and allows administrators to first test the
changes on a small subset of data. Sharding is well suited to deployment in the cloud. Shards may be sized as
required to accommodate whatever cloud infrastructure is available and still achieve required service levels. Oracle
Sharding supports on-premises, cloud, and hybrid deployment models.

Oracle Sharding in 18c supports standard data types as well as Binary and Character Large Objects (BLOBs and
CLOBs), JSON data, and spatial data and operations. Users can specify LIST and Range partitioning to explicitly
specify mapping of data to individual shards. Different consistency levels for queries across multiple shards can be
set depending upon an application’s requirements.

8 | MULTIMODEL DATABASE WITH ORACLE DATABASE 18C

Oracle XML DB
XML has been widely adopted in just about every industry. XML based standards can be found in the Healthcare,
Manufacturing, Financial Services, Government and Publishing sectors. The introduction of XML-based standards,
such as XBRL, has led to XML becoming the de-facto mechanism for exchanging information among application
systems. This has led to a growth in the use of XML as a persistence model for mission critical data.

To meet this need, Oracle developed Oracle XML DB. This is a high-performance, native XML storage and retrieval
technology that is delivered with all versions of Oracle Database. It provides full support for all of the key XML
standards, including XML, Namespaces, DOM, XQuery, SQL/XML and XSLT. Oracle XML DB is the first platform to
deliver true hybrid relational / XML capabilities, making it possible to bring the full power of the SQL language to
bear on XML content and the full power of the XML paradigm to relational data. Oracle XML DB includes the XML
Developer's Kit (XDK), a versatile set of components that enables you to build and deploy C, C++, and Java
software programs that process XML. You can assemble these components into an XML application that serves
your business needs.

Oracle Database 18c extends its industry leading XML support ensuring that Oracle Database remains the best
platform for storing, managing and querying all possible types of XML content. Features in Oracle Database 18c
offer improved performance and scalability and enable complete support for the flexibility that makes the XML data
model so attractive to so many different organizations.

Oracle Database 18c features for XML Developers include these XQuery capabilities:

» Support for XQuery Update, allowing users to efficiently update large XML Documents by performing fragment
and node-level modifications using the W3C Query language.
» Support for XQuery Full-Text Specification, allowing document centric applications to take full advantage of full
text searching and indexing.
» Support for XQuery API for Java (XQJ) as an API which is the Java Specification Request (JSR) for executing
XQuery statements from Java programs.
Oracle Database 18c also includes core Oracle XML DB features:

» Over 10x faster query and index maintenance.

» Extended Partitioning Support for Binary XML Storage and Indexing
» Oracle XML DB and domain index support of hash and interval partitioned tables.
» Repository supports digest authentication, provides more robust security for users using HTTP to access content
stored in the database.
» Repository allows WebDAV, HTTP, and FTP to be used to access content stored in DBFS.
» Oracle XDK supports W3C DOM Level 3 Core API's and reduces the memory footprint associated with using
XML schemas.
» Integrated Oracle XQuery Implementation to unify the Oracle and BEA XQuery engines creating a single Java-
based XQuery engine.
» Oracle XSLT/XPath engine interoperability to enable the use of non-XDK-based data models with the Oracle
XDK/J XSLT/XPath engine, which supports interoperability between these Oracle engines and third-party XML
processors.
» A Standalone XQuery Virtual Machine, allowing High performance XQuery operations to be performed on XML
content stored outside the Oracle Database.
With Oracle Database 18c developers can take advantage of the features and power of the XSL 2.0 specification
when developing XML-based applications. They are also able to make use of the feature set of XQuery 3.0.

9 | MULTIMODEL DATABASE WITH ORACLE DATABASE 18C

Oracle Text
Oracle Text is the leading text searching, retrieval and management system to be integrated into a database
environment. Oracle Text includes many features that improve index and query performance and improve usability,
including:

» Near real-time indexing to support applications with frequently updated indexes.

» Improved performance for highlighting and snippet generation and native support of snippet information from the
result set interface.
» Query Filter Cache feature allows you to cache the results of a particular query, or part of a query, and use those
results to filter future searches for better performance.
» The number of MDATA and field sections allowed is now almost unlimited.
» Indexes can be modified without having to rebuild the index from scratch.
Oracle Database 18c also includes partition-specific near real-time indexes with improved management, read-only,
auto-list and multi-list partitioning support, fine-grained cursor invalidation, the ability to add document formats and a
range of other improvements. It has faceted navigation support to allow for drilling down into query results, wildcard
search for efficient, fast, intuitive query, and automatic index maintenance performed as a background task to
simplify and improve query performance.

Oracle SecureFiles
SecureFiles enables a major paradigm shift for storing and managing files. SecureFiles provides the best solution
for storing file content such as images, audio, video, PDFs, spreadsheets etc. Traditionally, relational data is stored
in a database while unstructured data is stored as files in file systems. SecureFiles is specifically engineered to
deliver high performance for file data comparable to that of traditional file systems while retaining the advantages of
Oracle Database. SecureFiles offers the best-of-both-worlds architecture from both the database and filesystem
worlds for storing unstructured data. With SecureFiles, Oracle has perfected the use of the database for storage of
all enterprise data.

SecureFiles delivers file system-like performance for basic query and insert operations. The optimized algorithms in
SecureFiles make it up to 10x faster than previous LOB support (BasicFiles). SecureFiles can take advantage of
several advanced Oracle Database capabilities that are not possible with file systems:

» In an Oracle Real Application Clusters environment, SecureFiles offers high levels of scalability that go far beyond
what is offered in file systems
» SecureFiles allows for easy migration from older LOBs using Online Table Redefinition without affecting existing
applications
» Applications no longer have to deal with multiple interfaces for manipulating relational and associated file data
» With SecureFiles, all information can be part of a database transaction, freeing the application from the
complexity of guaranteeing atomicity, read consistency and other backup and recovery requirements
» SecureFiles also extends Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) capability to LOB data. The Oracle database
supports automatic key management for all LOB columns within a table and transparently encrypts/decrypts data,
backups and redo/undo log files.

Storage Optimization in SecureFiles

Also available with SecureFiles are advanced file system features such as Deduplication and Compression.
Deduplication eliminates multiple, redundant copies of SecureFiles data and is completely transparent to
applications. Oracle Database automatically detects multiple, identical SecureFiles data and stores only one copy,
thereby saving storage space. Deduplication simplifies storage management resulting in significantly better
performance, especially for copy operations.

10 | MULT MODEL DATABASE WITH ORACLE DATABASE 18C

SecureFiles data can be compressed using industry standard compression algorithms resulting in significant savings
in storage and improved performance. Oracle Database automatically determines if the SecureFiles file is compress
ible or if compression savings are beneficial. SecureFiles uses a server-wide default LOB compression algorithm
and provides for varying levels of compression. Each compression level represents a tradeoff between compression
factor and speed. Organizations can choose the compression level which best suits their needs based on storage
and CPU usage constraints. SecureFiles files are compressed and uncompressed automatically, transparent to
applications.

Both Deduplication and Compression are part of the Advanced Compression capability of Oracle Database 18c.

SecureFiles Features in Oracle Database 18c

» Parallel DML Support for SecureFiles LOBs provides improved performance.
» SecureFiles LOB is the default storage option for LOBs, instead of BasicFiles LOB.
» The maximum size of SQL data types VARCHAR2, NVARCHAR2, and RAW change respectively from 4,000
bytes and 2,000 bytes to 32,767 bytes each. The corresponding PL/SQL data types remain at 32,767 bytes.
» Data Pump uses SecureFiles as default LOB storage. When you import tables, you can recreate all LOB columns
as SecureFiles LOBs, thus converting BasicFiles LOBs to SecureFiles LOBs as part of data pump imports.
» SecureFiles supports components that enable HTTP, WebDAV, and FTP access to DBFS over the Internet, using
various XML DB server protocols.

11 | MULT MODEL DATABASE WITH ORACLE DATABASE 18C

Conclusion
In combination with Advanced Analytics and Data Warehouse features of Oracle Database, the multimodel
database capabilities enable Oracle Database 18c to deliver scalable, high performance management and analysis
capabilities for many Big Data and other application workflows in cloud and on-premises deployments. These
include traditional business applications like finance, order processing, manufacturing, and customer relationship
management systems architected with standard relational data structures. But as a multimodel database, Oracle
Database 18c also fully supports the polyglot requirements of applications based on analysis of web, social, spatial,
multimedia, mobile and sensor data, that incorporate Big Data for cloud applications.

Oracle Database provides full support for relational data and non-relational data, such as JSON, XML, text, spatial,
and graph data. Oracle Database 18c brings new capabilities and improvements to features such as Property Graph
and Sharded databases. It also delivers dramatically faster performance, moves more application logic and
analytics into the database, provides cloud-ready JSON and REST services to simplify application development, and
enables analysis on dramatically larger datasets – making it ideally suited for the most advanced multimodel
applications.

12 | MULT MODEL DATABASE WITH ORACLE DATABASE 18C