Venture Gulf

Safety Security
Training Centre
 Instructor

Course:
Chorine gas safe
Handling awareness
inline with Chlorine
Institute standard

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Preparing for emergencies

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Preparing for emergencies includes
• planning for chlorine leaks and any exposure that
may require evacuation
• notification of local emergency response units, along
with other emergency procedures.
• A written emergency plan.
• Preparing for emergencies also includes emergency
equipment available to workers and ensuring that
they know how to use it.

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 Written emergency procedures
• Notifying workers about the emergency, including
its location
• Controlling materials that may become dangerous
during the emergency
• Locating and using emergency PPE
• Locating the chlorine-container emergency kit
• Repairing or capping leakage points
• Accessing and using emergency lighting
• Using an evacuation procedure and person-check
system to ensure that all workers are evacuated
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 Written emergency procedures
• Using the search and rescue process
• Bringing the emergency condition under control
• Verifying that hazardous conditions are no longer
present, and preoccupancy can take place
• Notifying police, fire department, hospital, and other
emergency response units
• Notifying adjacent worksites and private homes of
the emergency
• Notifying appropriate regulatory agencies as
required ( BFP, MOI, 999)
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 Breathing Apparatus Inspections
• Check your unit is at your work
place.
• Ensure access is unobstructed.
• Make regular spot
inspections………..

SCBA CHECKS

• Check the unit is fully charged.

• Properly packed.
• Clean and dry.

Make sure your set is ready for

immediate use
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SCBA -demo

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 Accidental Release Measures
• Have an action plan and train to that plan
• Secure affected and potentially affected areas
• Inform people before taking any action yourself
• Assess extent of leak and/or problem
• Determine your ability to deal with it (equipment,
• personnel, training)
• Deal with the situation
• Call supplier for advice
• Call Emergency Responders for Action - 999

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 Minor valve and System Leaks
• Stop leak at source (upstream)
• If the valve can not be closed, apply outlet cap
with good gasket
• Inform supplier and carrier of problem by
appropriately marking container
• If leak can not be corrected, apply containment
• Chlorine Capping Kit A or B
• Inform supplier to plan for return

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 Leak indicated after cylinder change
• Make sure you’re carrying a portable or handheld
chlorine monitor.
• Immediately close the main cylinder valve.
• If the monitor reads less than 3 ppm, you may repeat
the cylinder hookup procedure.

Note:
• Ten ppm is immediately dangerous to life or health.
• Even workers using air purifying respirators with
chlorine cartridges or canisters must leave the
enclosure before chlorine levels reach 10 ppm.
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 Leak indicated after cylinder change
• Open and close the main cylinder valve and repeat
the ammonia test.
• Note: If chlorine is in the area because of the leak, it
may be difficult to identify the source. You may need
to let the air clear before repeating the ammonia
test.
• If a leak is still indicated, make a third and final
attempt to get a good seal, using a new lead
washer.

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 Leak indicated after cylinder change

• If you can’t correct the leak after three attempts,

remove the cylinder from service and contact the
supplier.
• Ensure that there is no leak from this cylinder with
the main valve closed. You must connect a different
cylinder to the chlorination system.
• Leave the chlorine enclosure.
• Stay nearby to restrict access to the enclosure or to
provide other help, as directed, until the chlorine
alarm has automatically shut off.
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 Major Container / System Leaks

• Have an Emergency
Action Plan Rehearsed
• Call Emergency
Responders for Action –
999
• Secure the area to
protect public and
employee
• Call supplier for advice

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 Chlorine alarm activated during
routine operation of system
• If the chlorine alarm is activated during routine
operation of the system and the alarm doesn’t
automatically activate the emergency-cylinder flow
shutdown device,
• Workers must manually activate the emergency-
cylinder flow shutdown device from outside the
enclosure.
• If possible, approach from uphill and upwind.

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 Chlorine alarm activated during
routine operation of system
• Make sure you are wearing an appropriate respirator
and carrying a portable or handheld chlorine monitor.
• Approach the location cautiously.
• If the emergency-cylinder flow shutdown device has
not been activated by the alarm, activate the
shutdown device from outside the enclosure if it is
safe to do so.
• Check the monitor readout on the continuous
monitoring system located outside the enclosure to
determine the concentration of chlorine inside the
enclosure.
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 Chlorine alarm activated during
routine operation of system
• If the chlorine concentration is less than 3 ppm and
is not rising, turn on the emergency ventilation
system and leave the area until the alarm stops.
• After the alarm has stopped and while you are still
wearing respirators and PPE, enter the enclosure.
• Isolate the leak, and ensure that chlorine has been
safely purged from the pipe before performing
repairs.
• All chlorine lines must be free of oil, grease, and
moisture before you reopen the chlorine tonner.

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 Chlorine alarm activated during
routine operation of system
• After completing repairs, exit the enclosure. From
outside the enclosure, monitor the readout of the
sensor that’s inside the enclosure.
• If the sensor indicates a rising chlorine concentration
that eventually goes above 10 ppm, activate full
emergency procedures and ensure that everyone
leaves the area immediately.
• Wait upwind of the building for help to arrive.

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 Chlorine gas leak Emergency Actions
In the event of a leak your immediate actions are:

Never spray water on the chlorine leak

DON your PPE .

Large leak absorb the chlorine in caustic solution(20% by
weight), soda solution or lime solutions scrubber
Perform your required duties as per the EMERGENCY procedure.
Make your way to your assigned MUSTER AREA, and report casualties
or personnel left behind, if you have seen any.

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EMERGENCY RESPONSE

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• CHEMICAL DANGERS:
– In water, chlorine is a strong acid, corrosive, and an
oxidizer.
– In water, it forms hydrochloric acid (HCl) and
hypochlorous acid (ClHO).
– Chlorine attacks plastic, rubber, coatings, and many
metals in the presence of water.
– Chlorine reacts violently with bases, many organic
compounds, ammonia, hydrogen, and many finely
divided metals.
– Chlorine forms halides with all elements except helium,
neon, and argon.

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• EXPLOSION HAZARDS:
– Chlorine reacts explosively or forms explosive compounds
with many common substances including, acetylene, ether,
turpentine, ammonia, fuel gas, hydrogen, fluorine, and finely
divided metals.
– Chlorine reacts with most combustibles posing a fire and
explosion risk.
– Chlorine is not combustible.
– Containers may explode when heated.
– Ruptured cylinders may rocket.

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• FIRE FIGHTING INFORMATION:
– Chlorine is not combustible, but it enhances the
combustion of other substances.
– Chlorine reacts violently with many organic
compounds, ammonia, hydrogen, and finely divided
metals, causing fire and explosion hazards.
– The agent may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil,
clothing, etc.).
– Fire will produce irritating, corrosive, and/or toxic
gases.

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• FIRE FIGHTING INFORMATION:
– For small fires, use water only; do not use dry
chemical, carbon dioxide, or Halon™.
– Contain the fire and let it burn. If the fire must be
fought, water spray or fog is recommended.
– Do not get water inside containers.
– Move containers from the fire area if it is possible to
do so without risk to personnel.
– Damaged cylinders should be handled only by
specialists.

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• FIRE FIGHTING INFORMATION:
– For fire involving tanks, fight the fire from maximum
distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor
nozzles.
– Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well
after the fire is out.
– Do not direct water at the source of the leak or at safety
devices; icing may occur.
– Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting
safety devices or discoloration of tanks.
– Always stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.
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• FIRE FIGHTING INFORMATION:
– For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor
nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from the area and let
the fire burn.
– Run-off from fire control may cause pollution.
– Hazardous and Toxic Decomposition Products
– Fuse Plugs will melt if the container is involved in fire
(70degC or 165degF)
– Keep containers cool

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• INITIAL ISOLATION AND PROTECTIVE ACTION
DISTANCES:
• If a tank, rail car, or tank truck is involved in a fire, isolate it
for 0.5 mi (800 m) in all directions; also consider initial
evacuation for 0.5 mi (800 m) in all directions.
• Small spills (involving the release of approximately 52.83
gallons (200 liters) or less)
– First isolate in all directions: 100 ft (30 m).
– Then protect persons downwind during the day: 0.2 mi (0.2
km).
– Then protect persons downwind during the night: 0.8 mi
(1.2 km).
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• INITIAL ISOLATION AND PROTECTIVE ACTION
DISTANCES:
• Large spills (involving quantities greater than 52.83 gallons
(200 liters))
– First isolate in all directions: 800 ft (240 m).
– Then protect persons downwind during the day: 1.5 mi (2.4
km).
– Then protect persons downwind during the night: 4.6 mi
(7.4 km).

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