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Explaining Sentence Structure

The document discusses the definition and types of sentences, including simple, complex, and compound sentences. It also covers sentence construction and the parts of speech and syntactic elements that make up sentences. Examples are provided to illustrate different concepts.

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Aqasha Qifraldy
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127 views

Explaining Sentence Structure

The document discusses the definition and types of sentences, including simple, complex, and compound sentences. It also covers sentence construction and the parts of speech and syntactic elements that make up sentences. Examples are provided to illustrate different concepts.

Uploaded by

Aqasha Qifraldy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sentence Structure

WRITING II (OFFERING A & B)


THURSDAY, APRIL 4 2024
What is a sentence?
A sentence is a syntactic unit which has a complete thought in the form of
statement, question, instruction, or exclamation. Thus, a sentence can stand
alone without a context or text. A sentence normally consists of a subject and
a verb. It can be simple, complex, or compund.
Examples:
1. He swims regularly.
2. She reads a book at night.
3. The cat was chasing a mouse through the brick walls.
4. Because wind is invisible, it is hard to see a tornado unless it forms a
condensation funnel made up of water droplets, dust and debris.
Types of Sentence
1. Simple sentence
A simple sentence consists of one independent clause (e.g., Betty
works as an engineer at the company.)
2. Complex sentence
A complex sentence consists of one independent clause that is
followed or preceded by a dependent clause (e.g., When it rains,
the road is very slippery./Although she is smart, she isn’t arrogant.)
3. Compound sentence
A compound sentence consists of two independent clauses that
are joined by conjunctions such as and, but, or (I like Bakso but I
don’t like the meatballs.)
Sentence construction
To form a sentence in English, an essential element is the subject
and the verb (and object), depending on the verb (S-V-O). The
number of subject (including object) and contexts (tense &
aspect) of sentence determine the form or shape of the verb.
Examples:
1. Sally likes watching Korean Dramas.
2. The dog is chasing the cat/The dogs are chasing the cat.
3. I have lived in the town for twelve years. (She has lived….).
4. The rain was heavy that she cleaned the floor this morning.
5. One of the cars that are parked there is mine.
Parts of Speech & Syntactic
elements
u Noun (car ) u Subject (nouns)
u Verb ( have ) u Predicate (verbs)
u Adjective ( fast ) u Object (nouns)
u Adverb ( ) u Complement (object,
u Preposition ( in, at, on, ) preposition)
u Adjunct
Syntactic position & principles
In English……..
u Nouns are always in Subject or Object positions (Betty,
Books,..etc)
u Verbs always follow Subjects or some tense/aspect/modal
expression (She has seen the movie twice). Everything else
follows.
u While adjectives describe noun (subject & object), adverbs
explain how verbs are performed (The big building at the
corner was painted carefully)
u Some sentences (verbs) are Transitive while others are
Intransitive. Transitive requires objects (I play piano NOT *I
play) while Intransive does not require objects (She arrived
early/I dreamt about him)
u Some verbs are collocations. They are phrasal verbs that
needs to go together (Listen to, Look for, care about,……)
Exercises
A. Rearrange the words in correct order to make complete
sentences.
1. That thin girl is drinking milk now
2. the robbers yesterday / the police / caught
3. our teacher / like /we
4. my mother / my baby sister / is looking after
5. has just written / a letter / the tall man
6. the students / have solved / some Mathematics problems
7. her aunt tomorrow / will visit / Mary
B. Translate the following paragraphs into English
Indonesian
Aku mempunyai seorang adik kecil yang bernama Bernard. Anak
kecil ini lahir pada tahun 2019 di Balikpapan, Kalimantan. Dia adalah
adik yang sangat penurut. Adikku ini memiliki paras menarik, pipi
tembem, kulit putih dan bola mata berwarna hitam.
Setiap hari adikku bermain di taman perumahan. Dia sangat suka
bermain ayunan. Biasanya, sepulang sekolah aku menemani adikku
bermain di taman.

English
This child/this little child/He was born. He is an obedient brother. He is
handsome, he has chubby cheeks, white skin and dark eyes. ……..

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