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Formulas of Integration - Cal

The document lists 47 formulas for integrals involving trigonometric, logarithmic, exponential, hyperbolic and inverse trigonometric functions. The formulas provide methods for finding antiderivatives of combinations of basic functions.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
52 views9 pages

Formulas of Integration - Cal

The document lists 47 formulas for integrals involving trigonometric, logarithmic, exponential, hyperbolic and inverse trigonometric functions. The formulas provide methods for finding antiderivatives of combinations of basic functions.

Uploaded by

samraarshad76
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Trigonometric Substitutions:

Formulas of Integration
1)

∫ 1dx = x + c

2)

∫ adx = ax + c

3)
n+1
x
n
∫ x dx = + c
n + 1

4)

n+1
[f (x)]
n ′
∫ [f (x)] f (x)dx = + c
n + 1

5)

1
∫ dx = ln x + c
x

6)

f (x)
∫ dx = ln |f (x)| + c
f (x)

7)
x
a
x
∫ a dx = + c
ln a

8)

f (x)
a
f (x)
∫ a dx = + c
ln a

9)

x x
∫ e dx = e + c

10)

f (x) f (x)
∫ e dx = e + c

11)

∫ af (x)dx = a ∫ f (x)

12)

∫ [f (x) ± g(x)]dx = ∫ f (x)dx ± ∫ g(x)dx

13)


∫ f (x) ⋅ g(x)dx = f (x) (∫ g(x)dx) – ∫ [f (x) (∫ g(x)dx)] dx

14)

∫ ln xdx = x(ln x– 1) + c

15)

∫ sin xdx =– cos x + c

16)
∫ cos xdx = sin x + c

17)

∫ tan xdx = ln sec x + c

or

– ln cos x + c

18)

∫ cot xdx = ln sin x + c

19)

∫ sec xdx = ln(sec x + tan x) + c

or
x π
ln tan( + ) + c
2 4

20)

∫ csc xdx = ln(csc x– cot x) + c

or
x
ln tan + c
2

21)

2
∫ sec xdx = tan x + c

22)

2
∫ csc xdx =– cot x + c
23)

∫ sec x tan xdx = sec x + c

24)

∫ csc x cot xdx =– csc x + c

25)

∫ sinh xdx = cosh x + c

26)

∫ cosh xdx = sinh x + c

27)

∫ tanh xdx = ln cosh x + c

28)

∫ coth xdx = ln sinh x + c

29)

–1
∫ sec hxdx = tan (sinh x) + c

30)

–1
∫ csc hxdx =– coth (cosh x)

31)

2
∫ sec h xdx = tanh x + c

32)
2
∫ csc h xdx =– coth x + c

33)

∫ sec hx tanh xdx =– sec hx + c

34)

∫ csc hx coth xdx =– csc hx + c

35)

1 x
–1
∫ dx = sin + c
− −− −−
√ a2 – x2 a

or

x
–1
cos + c
a

36)

1 x
–1
∫ dx = cosh + c
− −− −−
√ x2 – a2 a

or
−−−−−
2 2
ln(x + √x – a ) + c

37)

1 x
–1
∫ dx = sinh + c
−−−−−−
2 2
√x + a a

or

−−−−−−
2 2
ln(x + √x + a ) + c

38)

1 1 x
–1
∫ dx = tanh + c
2 2
a –x a a
or

1 a + x
ln( ) + c
2a a– x

39)

1 1 x
–1
∫ dx =– coth + c
2 2
x –a a a

or

1 x– a
ln( ) + c
2a x + a

40)

1 1 x
–1
∫ dx = tan + c
2 2
x + a a a

41)

1 1 x
–1
∫ dx =– sec h + c
− − −−−
2 2 a a
x√ a – x

or

−− −−−
2 2
1 a + √a – x
– ln( ) + c
a x

42)

1 1 x
–1
∫ dx = sec + c
− −−−−
2
x√ x – a
2 a a

43)

1 1 x
–1
∫ dx =– csc h + c
− −−−−−
2 2
x√ x + a a a

or

−−−−−−
2 2
1 a + √x + a
− ln( ) + c
a x
44)

2
−− −−− 1 −− −−− a x
2 2 2 2 –1
∫ √a – x dx = x√a – x + sin + c
2 2 a

45)

2
−−−−− 1 −−−−− a x
2 2 2 2 –1
∫ √x – a dx = x√x – a – cosh + c
2 2 a

or

2
1 −−−−− a −−−−−
2 2 2 2
x√x – a – ln(x + √x – a ) + c
2 2

46)

2
−−−−−− 1 −−−−−− a x
2 2 2 2 –1
∫ √x + a dx = x√x + a + sinh + c
2 2 a

or

2
1 −−−−−− a −−−−−−
2 2 2 2
x√x + a + ln(x + √x + a ) + c
2 2

47)
ax
e
ax
∫ e sin(bx + c)dx = [a sin(bx + c)– b cos(bx + c)]
2 2
a + b

48)
ax
e
ax
∫ e cos(bx + c)dx = [a cos(bx + c) + b sin(bx + c)]
2 2
a + b

49)

cos(m + n)x cos(m– n)x


∫ sin mx cos nxdx =– – + c
2(m + n) 2(m– n)

50)

sin(m + n)x sin(m– n)x


∫ sin mx sin nxdx =– + + c
2(m + n) 2(m– n)
51)

sin(m + n)x sin(m– n)x


∫ cos mx cos nxdx = + + c
2(m + n) 2(m– n)

52)

−−−−
–1 –1 2
∫ sin xdx = xsin x + √1– x + c

53)

−−−−
–1 –1 2
∫ cos xdx = xcos x– √1– x + c

54)

1
–1 –1 2
∫ tan xdx = xtan x– ln(1 + x ) + c
2

55)

1
–1 –1 2
∫ cot xdx = xcot x + ln(1 + x ) + c
2

56)

−−−−
–1 –1 2
∫ sec xdx = xsec x– ln(x + √x – 1) + c

57)

−−−−
–1 –1 2
∫ csc xdx = xcsc x + ln(x + √x – 1) + c

58)

–1 x
1 2 atan + b
–1 2
∫ dx = tan ( ) + c
− −− −− − −− −−
a + b sin x √ a2 – b 2 √ a2 – b 2

if a2 > b
2

59)
x
− − −−−
2 2
1 1 a tan + b– √ b – a
a
∫ dx = ln( ) + c
− −− −− x
−− −−−
a + b sin x √ a2 – b 2 a tan
2
+ b + √b – a
2
a

if a2 < b
2

60)
−−−−−
1 2 a– b x
–1
∫ dx = tan (√ tan ) + c
− −− −−
a + b cos x √ a2 – b 2 a + b 2

if a
2
> b
2

61)
− −−− x − −−
√ b + a + tan √ b– a
1 1 2
∫ dx = ln( ) + c
− −− −− − −−− x − −−
a + b cos x √ a2 – b 2 √ b + a– tan √ b– a
2

if a2 < b
2

62)
− −−−−− x
2 2
√ a + b + a tanh –b
1 1 2
∫ dx = ln( ) + c
−−−−−− − −−−−− x
2 2 2 2
a + b sinh x √a + b √ a + b – a tanh + b
2

63)
− −−− − −− x
1 √ a + b + √ a– b tanh
2
∫ dx = + c
− −−− − −− x
a + b cosh x √ a + b − √ a– b tanh
2

if a > b

64)
−− −−−
1 2 b– a x
–1 –1
∫ dx = tan √ tanh + c
− − −−−
a + b cosh x √ b 2 – a2 b + a 2

if a < b

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