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Lecture75 Slides

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9 views4 pages

Lecture75 Slides

Uploaded by

huy.nguyenbuiquoc
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 4

CALCULUS I

Derivatives of General
Exponential & Logarithmic Functions

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Derivative of ax
Let a be a constant with a > 0 and a 6= 1.
Recall that ax = e (ln a)x .
Since ln a is just a constant, we have
d x d (ln a)x d
a = e = e (ln a)x (ln a)x = e (ln a)x (ln a) = ax (ln a).
dx dx dx
Hence we have the new differentiation formula
d x
a = (ln a)ax .
dx
Similarly,
Z Z
x 1 (ln a)x 1 x
a dx = e (ln a)x dx =
e +C = a + C,
ln a ln a
and we have the new integration formula
Z
1 x
ax dx = a + C.
ln a
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Examples
Find the derivatives of the following functions:
5 +4
1 f (x) = 3x
This is a composite function,
with inside function x 5 + 4 and outside function 3x . By the chain rule,
5 +4 d 5 5
f 0 (x) = (ln 3)3x · (x + 4) = (ln 3)3x +4 · 5x 4 .
dx
2 f (x) = ln(7 + 2x )
This is a composite function,
with inside function 7 + 2x and outside function ln x.
By the chain rule,

1 d 1 (ln 2)2x
f 0 (x) = · (7 + 2 x
) = · (ln 2)2x
= .
7 + 2x dx 7 + 2x 7 + 2x

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General Logarithms

Finally, recall that


1
loga x = ln x.
ln a
1
Since ln a is just a constant, we have

d 1 d 1 1
loga x = · ln x = · ,
dx ln a dx ln a x
and we get the new differentiation formula

d 1 1
loga x = · .
dx ln a x

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