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If Statements

This document explains what an if statement is in programming and its anatomy. It details the components of an if statement including the condition and if block. It provides examples of simple if statements, if statements with else clauses, and if statements with elif clauses.

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22 views3 pages

If Statements

This document explains what an if statement is in programming and its anatomy. It details the components of an if statement including the condition and if block. It provides examples of simple if statements, if statements with else clauses, and if statements with elif clauses.

Uploaded by

lillia142000
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sure!

Let's break down "if statements" for a newbie:

### What is an If Statement?

An "if statement" is a fundamental control flow statement in programming. It allows you to


execute certain blocks of code conditionally, based on whether a specified condition
evaluates to true or false.

### Anatomy of an If Statement:

An "if statement" typically consists of the following parts:

1. **Condition**: This is the expression that is evaluated to determine whether the associated
block of code should be executed or not. It can be any expression that evaluates to either true
or false.

2. **If Block**: If the condition evaluates to true, the code block associated with the "if
statement" is executed. This block of code is often enclosed within curly braces `{}`.

### Example of a Simple If Statement:

Let's consider a simple example in Python where we want to check if a number is positive:

```python
number = 5
if number > 0:
print("The number is positive.")
```

In this "if statement":


- **Condition**: `number > 0` is the condition that checks if `number` is greater than `0`.
- **If Block**: The `print` statement inside the block will only execute if the condition
evaluates to true.

### Using If Statements with Else Clause:

You can also include an `else` clause to specify a block of code to execute if the condition
evaluates to false. Here's an example:

```python
number = -3
if number > 0:
print("The number is positive.")
else:
print("The number is not positive.")
```

In this example, if the condition `number > 0` evaluates to false, the code block associated
with the `else` clause will be executed.

### Using If Statements with Elif Clause:

Additionally, you can include `elif` (short for "else if") clauses to check for multiple
conditions sequentially. Here's an example:

```python
number = 0
if number > 0:
print("The number is positive.")
elif number < 0:
print("The number is negative.")
else:
print("The number is zero.")
```

In this example, if the first condition (`number > 0`) is false, it checks the next condition
(`number < 0`). If both conditions are false, it executes the block associated with the `else`
clause.

### Conclusion:

If statements are essential for adding decision-making capabilities to your code. They allow
you to execute certain blocks of code conditionally, based on whether specified conditions
evaluate to true or false. Understanding how to use if statements helps you write programs
that can respond dynamically to different situations and inputs.

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