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DIP Lec 1 - 2 Intro

The document provides an introduction to digital image processing including defining what a digital image is, the important stages of digital image processing such as image acquisition, representation, and quantization and sampling, common image file formats, and applications of digital image processing in fields like medical imaging, computer vision, and more.

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37 views33 pages

DIP Lec 1 - 2 Intro

The document provides an introduction to digital image processing including defining what a digital image is, the important stages of digital image processing such as image acquisition, representation, and quantization and sampling, common image file formats, and applications of digital image processing in fields like medical imaging, computer vision, and more.

Uploaded by

Divishtha Malik
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EEE F435 (2021-22-I)

Digital Image Processing


(Introduction)
BITS Pilani Ashish Chittora
K K Birla Goa Campus
Contents
• What is a digital image?
• Digital image processing (DIP)
• Important stages/steps of DIP
• Applications of DIP and related fields
What is digital image?
A digital image is a representation of a two-
dimensional image as a finite set of digital
values, called picture elements or pixels.
What is digital image?
• Pixels of a 2D image are typically associated
with its location (or position), intensity (gray
or colour), opacities etc.
• Other than light, Digital images can be
generated by other illumination or energy
emission sources also (e.g. X-rays, MRI, gas
and particle emission, microwaves, infrared
etc.)
• In most of the course gray images will be used.
Image Acquisition
Image Acquisition
Image Acquisition
Image Representation
Monochrome or Gray Image
Quantization

variation in the number of gray levels used:


(a) 32; (b) 16;
(c) 8; (d) 4.
Sampling

variation in the number of pixels used:


(a) 256 × 256; (b) 128 × 128;(c) 64 × 64;
(d) 32 × 32.
Image Representation Formats
Common image formats include:
–1 sample per point (B&W or Grayscale)
–3 samples per point (Red, Green, and Blue)
–4 samples per point (Red, Green, Blue, and “Alpha”, i.e.
Opacity)
Color images
• Colors in image can be used to represent segments,
depth/height, temperature, density etc.
• RGB color space: R+G=Y, G+B = C, R+B=M.
• Grays lie along the cube diagonal, with equal
proportions of R, G and B.
• Cyan, Yellow, and
Magenta are subtractive
primaries used in printing,
which if subtracted from white
leave R, G and B respectively.
RGB or True-color format
Other color formats
• HSV (Hue, Saturation, Value)
• CMY (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow)
X-ray, MRI, CAT-scan, PET-scan, Ultrasound scan etc.
Artistic Effects
Also used in Gaming, Tele-medicine, Household
appliances and robots
Range imaging

Ground penetrating RADAR images


Detection
and Tracking
Activity / Gait Recognition
Research Journals, Conferences and
Competitions
• Journals
• IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
• IEEE Trans. On Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
• Conferences
• European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV)
• International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)
• Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
(CVPR)
• International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)
Thank you

Queries?

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