Physical Sciences P2 (Chemistry) : Preparatory Examination
Physical Sciences P2 (Chemistry) : Preparatory Examination
Physical Sciences P2 (Chemistry) : Preparatory Examination
GRADE 12
PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2
(CHEMISTRY)
SEPTEMBER 2017
MARKS: 150
TIME: 3 HOURS
This question paper consists of 18 pages, 1 graph paper and 4 data sheets.
2. This question paper consists of TEN questions. Answer ALL the questions in
the ANSWER BOOK.
4. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this
question paper.
5. Leave ONE line between two sub questions, for example between
QUESTION 2.1 and QUESTION 2.2.
10. Round off your final numerical answers to a minimum of TWO decimal places.
Four options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Each
question has only ONE correct answer. Choose the answer and write only the
letter (A–D) next to the question number (1.1–1.10) in the ANSWER SHEET, for
example 1.11 E.
1.1 Which ONE of the following pairs of compounds belong to the same
homologous series?
H3C C O CH3 O
A B
O H C CH3
O
C CH3 CH2 CH2 OH D
H3C C CH3
(2)
B The rate of both the forward and the reverse reactions decreased.
D The rate of both the forward and the reverse reactions increased. (2)
1.5 Hydrogen gas is produced in the reaction between hydrochloric acid and
magnesium. Which ONE of the following graphs of volume versus time
best represents the formation of hydrogen gas until the reactants are used
up?
A B
volume (cm3)
volume (cm3)
C D
volume (cm3)
volume (cm3)
A x
B x2
1
C
x2
1
D
x (2)
1.8 A 0,5 mol∙dm-3 solution of each of the following acids is prepared. Which
acid has the greatest electrical conductivity?
A H2SO4
B HCl
C CH3COOH
D HNO3 (2)
1.9 Which ONE of the following solutions will react spontaneously with copper?
A NaCl (aq)
B AgNO3 (aq)
C ZnSO4 (aq)
1.10 Which ONE of the following nutrients is responsible for the growth of green
leaves in plants?
A Phosphorous
B Nitrogen
C Potassium
D Magnesium (2)
[20]
Study the organic compounds represented by the letters A to F in the table below
and answer the following questions.
H H O H
A propanal B H C C C C H
H H H
H H H H H
C H C O C H D
H C C C C H
O H
H H H H
2.1 Name the homologous series to which each of the following compounds
belong:
2.1.1 A (1)
2.1.2 B (1)
2.2 Write down the IUPAC name of the alcohol needed for the preparation of
compound C. (2)
2.3 Write down the letter for the compound that represents a carboxylic acid. (1)
2.5 Give the STRUCTURAL FORMULA for the functional group of compoun A. (1)
2.6 Give the general formula for the homologous series to which compound F
belong. (1)
2.8 Using molecular formulae write down a balanced chemical equation for the
combustion of compound D. (3)
[15]
A methyl 58 -12
propane
B butane 58 -0,5
C pentane 72 36
D propan-1-ol 60 97
E butan-1-ol 74 117
F pentan-1-ol 88 138
H ethyl 58 77,1
ethanoate
3.2 Explain why compounds D and G have different boiling points despite the
fact that they have the same molecular mass. In your explanation refer to
the MOLECULAR STRUCTURE, the INTERMOLECULAR FORCES and
the ENERGY needed. (3)
3.3 Compounds A to C have different boiling points even though they belong
to the same homologous series. Explain the reason for the difference in
their boiling points. (2)
3.4 How will the vapour pressure of compound G compare to that of compound
H? Write only HIGHER THAN, LOWER THAN or EQUAL TO. (1)
alkene
H D F
C E
B 2-chlorobutane
alcohol
4.1 Which type of reaction is represented by EACH of the following? Write only
ADDITION, SUBSTITUTION or ELIMINATION.
4.3 Using structural formulae write down a balanced chemical equation for
reaction C. (4)
4.4 Write down TWO reaction conditions for the reaction B. (2)
4.6.1 IUPAC name of the carboxylic acid used in this reaction (1)
4.6.3 The name of the process that takes place in QUESTION 4.6. (1)
[15]
A group of learners were investigating the factors affecting the reaction rate. In one
of their reactions sodium thiosulphate (Na2S2O3) and hydrochloric acid (HCℓ) are
reacted according to the balanced equation given below:
During the reaction one of the products formed causes the solution to turn cloudy.
Due to this, the mark X drawn on paper, on which the reaction mixture is placed,
were not visible after the reaction is completed. Refer the sketch below.
flask
Na2S2O3(aq) + HCℓ(aq)
white paper
X X X X
Trial 1 2 3 4
Concentration
0,15 0,09 0,06 0,03
Na2S2O3(mol.dm-3)
5.3 Write down the NAME or FORMULA of the substance responsible for the
cloudiness. (1)
5.4 Consider the table of results and write down which trial (1, 2, 3 or 4)
occurred at the highest reaction rate? (1)
5.5 Draw a graph of concentration of sodium thiosulphate against time for the
mark X to disappear in the ATTACHED GRAPH SHEET. (4)
5.6 Use the graph to make a conclusion for the above investigation. (2)
5.7 Name TWO other ways in which the rate of this reaction can be increased. (2)
[14]
One of the steps in the preparation of sulphuric acid in the industry is represented
by the following reversible reaction:
The graph below shows the energy change during this reaction.
Potential Energy/kJ∙mol-1
68
25
0
reaction coordinate
-86
6.1 Write down the type of reaction represented by above graph. Choose from
EXOTHERMIC or ENDOTHERMIC. Explain your answer. (2)
6.2 According to collision theory, give TWO conditions necessary for the
reaction to take place. (2)
6.3 Explain how the presence of a vanadium pentoxide as a catalyst affect the
rate of above reaction. (2)
6.6 Calculate the activation energy for the reverse reaction. (2)
[13]
During this reaction 4 mole of nitrogen monoxide gas, 2,5 mole of oxygen and x
mole of nitrogen dioxide gas is placed in an 500 cm3 container at a temperature of
450 K. At equilibrium there is 3 mole of nitrogen oxide present in the container. The
equilibrium constant (Kc) at this temperature is 0,25.
7.1 Calculate the initial mole of nitrogen dioxide placed in the container. (7)
7.2 Is the given equilibrium system an example of a heterogeneous or
homogeneous equilibrium? Explain your answer. (2)
7.4 Use Le Chatelier's principle to explain how this change affects the
concentration of NO2 at the new equilibrium. (2)
[13]
8.2 Write down the formula of the conjugate base for sulphuric acid. (1)
8.5 Which indicator would be best to use during this titration? Explain your
choice. (2)
[15]
9.1 The cell notation of a standard galvanic cell that contains an unkown metal
electrode X, is as follows:
X Zn(s)
salt bridge
X2+(aq) Zn2+(aq)
9.1.1 Name the component of the cell that is represented by the double
vertical lines (||) in the cell notation. (1)
9.1.3 Identify the reducing agent in the above mentioned cell. (1)
9.1.4 The initial reading on the volt meter connected to the electrodes
of the above given cell is 0,49 V. Identify metal X by calculating
the standard reduction potential of the unkown metal X. (5)
9.1.5 Write a balanced chemical equation for the net reaction that takes
place in this cell. Leave out the spectator ions. (3)
9.1.6 How will the initial voltmeter reading be influenced if the two metal
plates are replaced by metal plates that have a larger surface?
Write only INCREASES, DECREASES or STAYS THE SAME (1)
9.1.7 Write down the value of the reading on the volt meter when the
cell reaction reaches equilibrium. (1)
9.2 The simplified diagram below represents an electrochemical cell used for
the purification of copper.
DC source
Electrode A
Electrode B
(impure copper)
Electrolyte
9.2.1 Write down the energy conversion that takes place in the above
cell in QUESTION 9.2. (1)
9.2.2 Write down the NAME or FORMULA of the electrolyte that can be
used in the above cell. (1)
9.2.3 Write down the half-reaction which takes place at electrode A. (2)
[18]
Ammonia is the main reactant in the production of various fertilizers. The following
flow diagram illustrates the process of the manufacturing of some fertilizers.
N2(g) X
PROCESS R PROCESS Q
Haber process
Y Z
10.1 Write down the NAME of the industrial process used to manufacture
nitrogen gas. (1)
10.2 Write a balanced chemical equation for the preparation of ammonia. (3)
10.4 Write down the balanced equation for the oxidation of sulphur dioxide in
PROCESS Q. (3)
10.6 A farmer find a old bag of fertilizer weighing 50 kg. The label of the bag is
partly damaged. One number in the N:P:K ratio was missing (see diagram).
5:2: -- (30)
50 kg
The farmer analysed the content of the fertilizer and found that the nitrogen
content in the bag is 15%. Determine the number that is missing on the
label of the fertiliser bag regarding the N:P:K ratio. Assume that no content
is lost due to aging. (4)
TOTAL: 150
QUESTION 5.5
m N
n n
M NA
n m V
c or/of c n
V MV Vm
c a v a na
pH = -log[H3O+]
c b v b nb
or/of
Eθcell Ereduction
θ
Eθoxidation / Eθsel Ereduksie
θ
Eθoksidasie
or/of
Eθcell Eθoxidisingagent Ereducing
θ
agent / E sel Eoksideermiddel Ereduseermiddel
θ θ θ
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
(I) (II) (III) (IV) (V) (VI) (VII) (VIII)
Atomic number
1 KEY/SLEUTEL Atoomgetal 2
2,1
H He
1 29 4
3 4 Electronegativity Symbol 5 6 7 8 9 10
Cu
1,9
1,0
1,5
2,0
2,5
3,0
3,5
4,0
Li Be Elektronegatiwiteit
63,5
Simbool B C N O F Ne
7 9 11 12 14 16 19 20
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Aℓ Cℓ
0,9
1,2
1,5
1,8
2,1
2,5
3,0
Na Mg Approximate relative atomic mass Si P S Ar
23 24 Benaderde relatiewe atoommassa 27 28 31 32 35,5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
0,8
1,0
1,3
1,5
1,6
1,6
1,5
1,8
1,8
1,8
1,9
1,6
1,6
1,8
2,0
2,4
2,8
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 63,5 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
0,8
1,0
1,2
1,4
1,8
1,9
2,2
2,2
2,2
1,9
1,7
1,7
1,8
1,9
2,1
2,5
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
86 88 89 91 92 96 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Tℓ
0,7
0,9
1,6
1,8
1,8
1,9
2,0
2,5
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Pb Bi Po At Rn
133 137 139 179 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209
87 88 89
0,7
0,9
Fr Ra Ac 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
226
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
140 141 144 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
232 238
+
NO 3 + 2H + e ⇌ NO2(g) + H2O + 0,80
+ e
3+ 2+
Fe ⇌ Fe + 0,77
+
O2(g) + 2H + 2e ⇌ H2O2 + 0,68
I2 + 2e ⇌ 2I + 0,54
+
Cu + e ⇌ Cu + 0,52
SO2 + 4H + 4e
+
⇌ S + 2H2O + 0,45
2H2O + O2 + 4e ⇌ 4OH + 0,40
+ 2e
2+
Cu ⇌ Cu + 0,34
2
+ 4H + 2e ⇌
+
SO 4 SO2(g) + 2H2O + 0,17
+ e
2+ +
Cu ⇌ Cu + 0,16
4+ 2+
Sn + 2e ⇌ Sn + 0,15
S + 2H + 2e
+
⇌ H2S(g) + 0,14
+
2H + 2e ⇌ H2(g) 0,00
+ 3e 0,06
3+
Fe ⇌ Fe
+ 2e 0,13
2+
Pb ⇌ Pb
+ 2e 0,14
2+
Sn ⇌ Sn
0,27
2+
Ni + 2e ⇌ Ni
+ 2e 0,28
2+
Co ⇌ Co
0,40
2+
Cd + 2e ⇌ Cd
+ e
2+
0,41
3+
Cr ⇌ Cr
0,44
2+
Fe + 2e ⇌ Fe
+ 3e 0,74
3+
Cr ⇌ Cr
+ 2e 0,76
2+
Zn ⇌ Zn
2H2O + 2e ⇌ H2(g) + 2OH 0,83
+ 2e 0,91
2+
Cr ⇌ Cr
1,18
2+
Mn + 2e ⇌ Mn
+ 3e 1,66
3+
Aℓ ⇌ Aℓ
2,36
2+
Mg + 2e ⇌ Mg
Na + e 2,71
+
⇌ Na
2,87
2+
Ca + 2e ⇌ Ca
Sr + 2e 2,89
2+
⇌ Sr
2,90
2+
Ba + 2e ⇌ Ba
+ -
Cs + e ⇌ Cs - 2,92
K + e 2,93
+
⇌ K
Li + e 3,05
+
⇌ Li
1,66
3+
Aℓ + 3e ⇌ Aℓ
+ 2e 1,18
2+
Mn ⇌ Mn
0,91
2+
Cr + 2e ⇌ Cr
2H2O + 2e ⇌ H2(g) + 2OH 0,83
+ 2e 0,76
2+
Zn ⇌ Zn
0,74
3+
Cr + 3e ⇌ Cr
+ 2e 0,44
2+
Fe ⇌ Fe
2+
0,41
3+
Cr +e ⇌ Cr
+ 2e 0,40
2+
Cd ⇌ Cd
0,28
2+
Co + 2e ⇌ Co
+ 2e 0,27
2+
Ni ⇌ Ni
0,14
2+
Sn + 2e ⇌ Sn
+ 2e 0,13
2+
Pb ⇌ Pb
0,06
3+
Fe + 3e ⇌ Fe
2H + 2e
+
⇌ H2(g) 0,00
S + 2H + 2e
+
⇌ H2S(g) + 0,14
4+ 2+
Sn + 2e ⇌ Sn + 0,15
+ e
2+ +
Cu ⇌ Cu + 0,16
2
+ 4H + 2e ⇌
+
SO 4 SO2(g) + 2H2O + 0,17
+ 2e
2+
Cu ⇌ Cu + 0,34
2H2O + O2 + 4e ⇌ 4OH + 0,40
+
SO2 + 4H + 4e ⇌ S + 2H2O + 0,45
Cu + e
+
⇌ Cu + 0,52
I2 + 2e ⇌ 2I + 0,54
+
O2(g) + 2H + 2e ⇌ H2O2 + 0,68
+ e
3+ 2+
Fe ⇌ Fe + 0,77
+ 2H + e
+
NO 3 ⇌ NO2(g) + H2O + 0,80
Ag + e
+
⇌ Ag + 0,80
+ 2e
2+
Hg ⇌ Hg(ℓ) + 0,85
+
NO 3 + 4H + 3e ⇌ NO(g) + 2H2O + 0,96
Br2(ℓ) + 2e ⇌ 2Br + 1,07
2+
Pt +2e ⇌ Pt + 1,20
MnO2 + 4H + 2e
+ 2+
⇌ Mn + 2H2O + 1,23
+
O2(g) + 4H + 4e ⇌ 2H2O + 1,23
2 3+
⇌
+
Cr2O 7 + 14H + 6e 2Cr + 7H2O + 1,33
Cℓ2(g) + 2e ⇌ 2Cℓ + 1,36
2+
⇌
+
MnO 4 + 8H + 5e Mn + 4H2O + 1,51
+
H2O2 + 2H +2 e ⇌ 2H2O +1,77
3+ 2+
Co +e ⇌ Co + 1,81
F2(g) + 2e ⇌ 2F + 2,87
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