VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL

UNIVERSITY BELAGAVI-590 018, KARNATAKA

PROJECT SYNOPSIS
ON

“Crime analysis and forecasting using machine learning techniques.”

PROJECT ASSOCIATES

Bhumika S V 4BD20CS022
Deeksha B P 4BD20CS028
Meghana S M 4BD20CS056
Nagachaitra V V 4BD20CS060

PROJECT GUIDES
Dr. Gururaj T Ph.D., M.Tech., Prof. Vasishnavi A I M.Tech.,
Associate Professor Assistant Professor
Main Guide Co-Guide

2023-24

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Bapuji Institute of Engineering and Technology
Davanagere-577004
 Vision and Mission of the Institute
Vision
“To be a centre of excellence recognized nationally and internationally, in distinctive areas of engineering
education and research, based on a culture of innovation and invention”

Mission
“BIET contributes to the growth and development of its students by imparting a broad-based engineering
education and empowering them to be successful in their chosen field by inculcating in them positive
approach, leadership qualities and ethical values.”

Vision and Mission of the Computer Science and Engineering Department

Vision
“To be a centre-of-excellence by imbibing state-of-the-art technology in the field of Computer Science and
Engineering, thereby enabling students to excel professionally and be ethical.”

Mission
1. Adapting best teaching and learning techniques that cultivates Questioning and Reasoning culture
among the students.
2. Creating collaborative learning environment that ignites the critical thinking in students and leading
to the innovation.
3. Establishing Industry Institute relationship to bridge the skill gap and make them industry ready and
relevant.
4. Mentoring students to be socially responsible by inculcating ethical and moral values.
 1. Program Educational Outcomes (PEOs):
PEO1 To apply skills acquired in the discipline of Computer Science and
Engineering for solving societal and industrial problems with apt technology
intervention.

PEO2 To continue their career in industry/academia or to pursue higher studies and

research.

PEO3 To become successful entrepreneurs, innovators to design and develop

software products and services that meets the societal, technical and business
challenges.

PEO4 To work in the diversified environment by acquiring leadership qualities with

effective communication skills accompanied by professional and ethical
values.

2. Program Specific Outcomes (PSOs):

PSO1 Analyse and develop solutions for problems that are complex in nature by
applying the knowledge acquired from the core subjects of this program.

PSO2 Ability to develop Secure, Scalable, Resilient and distributed applications for
industry and societal requirements.

PSO3 Ability to learn and apply the concepts and construct of emerging
technologies like Artificial Intelligence, Machine learning, Deep learning, Big
Data Analytics, IoT, Cloud Computing, etc for any real time problems.

3. Course Outcomes:
The students should be able to:
CO1: Demonstrate technical knowledge of their selected project topic by analysing different software
development process paradigms, software engineering principles and develop an ability to apply them to
software design of real-life problems.
CO2: Explore the problem identification, formulation, and solution by carrying out literature surveys.
CO3: Able to prepare synopsis by providing relevant scope of the project selected with proper
justification as per the standard format shared.
CO4: Demonstrate the ability to communicate and coordinate effectively as a team member, so that
projects will be completed in a timely manner that caters to enhance their lifelong learning.
 ABSTRACT
Crimes are treacherous and common social problem faced worldwide. Crimes affect
the quality of life, economic growth and reputation of nation. With the aim of securing the
society from crimes, there is a need for advanced systems and new approaches for improving
the crime analytics for protecting their communities. If we can come up with ways to predict
crime in detail before it occurs or come up with a machine that can assist police officers, it
would lift the burden of police as they can anticipate when and where crimes might occur,
allowing them to take proactive measures for preventing the crimes. Thus, we put forward
a system that analyses, recognizes and forecasts different crime probabilities in a given area.
 CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Page No
1.1 Introduction 1
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE SURVEY 2-5
2.1 Literature Survey
2.2 Existing System
2.3 Problem Statement
CHAPTER 3: PROPOSED SYSTEM 6
CHAPTER 4: SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS 7
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
 Crime analysis and forecasting using machine learning methodologies

Chapter 1:

INTRODUCTION
With an understanding of the factors influencing crime rates, regional governments
possess the authority to allocate resources to high-risk areas and effectively reduce the
occurrence of crimes. The objective of this project is to comprehend the demographic factors
that contribute to criminal activities, enabling a proactive approach in addressing them. While
previous studies have identified certain circumstances that may lead individuals to commit
crimes, there is a scarcity of resources and statistical studies illustrating the distribution of
crime across different demographics. In our analysis we employ the Machine Learning
techniques to forecast crime rates using one of the standard data sets ,aiming to identify the key
variables that enhance the accuracy of our predictive model. We are attempting to offer a
methodology for predicting crime rates at the neighbourhood level in large cities. Our hope is
that our findings will assist regional planners and law enforcement agencies in effectively
allocating resources and creating safer cities for the communities they serve.

1|Page
CS&E Dept. BIET
 Crime analysis and forecasting using machine learning methodologies

Chapter 2:

LITERATURE SURVEY

2.1 Literature survey:

Paper Title Author Year Key Findings

Crime Analysis and Olta Llaha. (2020) 43rd Evaluates various methods and
Prediction using International identifies "Decision Tree" as the
Machine Learning. Convention on most effective in analysing and
Information, preventing crimes.
Communication
and Electronic
Technology
(MIPRO).

Criminal Combat: Amar Shukla, (2021) Include successful identification

Crime Analysis and Avita Katal, International of crime patterns, probability
Prediction Using Saurav Conference on prediction of crimes, influential
Machine Learning. RaghuvanshiSh Intelligent factors extracted through data
ivam Sharma. Technologies analysis, attribute selection for
(CONIT). model optimization, and the
potential for mathematical and
statistical models to enhance
crime prevention and safety.

Comparative Noviyanti T M (2021) Compares decision trees and

Analysis of Grid- Sagala. International support vector machines for
based Decision Seminar on crime categorization. Grid
Tree and Support Machine search optimization is applied.
Vector Machine for Learning, Data issues like duplication and
Crime Category Optimization, unbalanced datasets are
Prediction. and Data addressed. Decision trees

2|Page
CS&E Dept. BIET
 Crime analysis and forecasting using machine learning methodologies

Science outperform support vector

(ISMODE). machines with nearly 100%
accuracy.

Crime Analysis and Darshan M S, (2022) IEEE 2nd Uses K-means, Naive Bayes,
Prediction using Mysore Sub and Linear Regression to predict
Shankaraiah.
Machine Learning Section states with the highest crime
Algorithms. International rates. It identifies the most
Conference accurate algorithm, helping
(MysuruCon). recognize high-crime areas and
ensuring safer routes for the
public.

Crime Analysis Vedhadharshan (2022) 2nd Addresses the escalating crime

Using Linear B, Varun International rates and underreporting due to
Regression. Kumar K, Conference on insufficient evidence. It
Hariharan S, T Innovative emphasizes crime analysis's role
Prem Chand, R Sustainable in pattern identification, aided
Kaladevi, Computational by mobile systems and data
Bhanuprasad Technologies analysis. Data mining and
A. (CISCT). machine learning help prioritize
unknown patterns. By applying
crime analysis techniques, crime
rates decrease, fostering a
country's reputation and
reducing investigation costs,
aligned with the goal of using
Machine Learning to mitigate
crime.

Crime Data R M Akil, S (2023) 9th Discusses the definition of crime

Analysis and Sarathambekai, International as intentional law-breaking, the
Safety T Vairam, R Conference on transition from common law to

3|Page
CS&E Dept. BIET
 Crime analysis and forecasting using machine learning methodologies

Recommendation Sanjay Advanced statutory law for defining

System Using Krishnan, G S Computing and crimes, the typical elements of a
Machine Learning. Dharaneesh, D Communication crime, and a range of criminal
Janarthanan. Systems offenses. It also introduces an
(ICACCS). initiative that aims to educate
people about the criminal
history of different regions to
enhance safety for visitors by
providing insights into common
crimes and their frequency.

Crime Analysis Sham Venkat (2023) IEEE Presents a crime analysis

Framework for S, Jeberson Renewable framework using machine
Predicting Criminal Retna Raj, Energy and learning, including algorithms
Behavioural Arjun A, Sustainable E- like Random Forest and
Patterns with Senduru Mobility Decision Tree. It leverages
Machine Learning. Srinivasulu, Conference Kaggle's crime records to
Jabez, Gowri. (RESEM). understand crime patterns,
severity, and predict crimes
based on multiple features,
including time, location, and
crime type.

2.2 Existing system:

In the existing system, crime analysis predominantly relies on traditional methods and
historical data to understand criminal patterns. Law enforcement and organisations use manual
processes to make sense of crime data, which may lead to inefficiencies and limited predictive
capabilities. Data analysis tools and machine learning techniques are not extensively utilised.
The identification of crime patterns is often reactive rather than proactive, making it
challenging to prevent criminal activities effectively. Additionally, the public lacks convenient
access to valuable insights on crime trends, which could help them make informed decisions

4|Page
CS&E Dept. BIET
 Crime analysis and forecasting using machine learning methodologies

about safety in different areas. In this scenario, there is a noticeable lack of using technology
and advanced analytics for crime analysis and prevention.

2.3 Problem statement:

There are crime issues in many cities, but it's not always obvious why some
neighbourhoods are more impacted than others. Past studies suggest demographics play a role,
but there's a lack of detailed analysis. We must ascertain how particular factors such as age,
income, and educational attainment, relate to crime.

The challenge is that comprehensive statistical analysis is missing from current

research. To build a model for predicting which kind of crime might occur at the given period
based on demographics, we must collect relevant data and discover the spatial temporal
relationship with the crime data. We also need to determine the distribution of crimes across
various urban locations.

5|Page
CS&E Dept. BIET
 Crime analysis and forecasting using machine learning methodologies

Chapter 3:

PROPOSED SYSTEM
The proposed system introduces an innovative approach to crime analysis and
prediction by integrating data analytics and machine learning techniques. This system aims to
predict and analyse criminal behaviour patterns proactively, enhancing crime control in cities
and regions. K-means clustering is used to identify crime hotspots based on historical data. The
future cluster trends for the various places are predicted using the random forest and decision
tree techniques. To forecast the number of crimes in a given location during a specified time
period, linear regression is utilized. The whole process involves three main phases: data
preprocessing, model training, and prediction/analysis. By using open-source crime records
such as those available on Kaggle, the system aims to understand crime patterns, determine
severity, and identify when and where crimes occur. Visualization techniques are used to reveal
crime trends, and a wide range of input features, including time, location, and crime type, are
employed in the machine learning algorithms. The proposed system provides an effective and
data-driven approach to crime analysis, which can aid law enforcement and the public in
enhancing safety and crime prevention efforts.

6|Page
CS&E Dept. BIET
 Crime analysis and forecasting using machine learning methodologies

Chapter 4:

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

• Software requirements:
o OS: Windows/Linux/macOS
o Language: Python
o IDE: PyCharm
o Machine Learning Libraries: scikit-learn, TensorFlow, and Keras
o Frontend: HTML, CSS, JS.
o Backend: Flask
o Technology used: Machine Learning

7|Page
CS&E Dept. BIET
 Crime analysis and forecasting using machine learning methodologies

CONCLUSION
Predicting crimes before they happen is simple to understand, but it takes a lot more
than understanding the concept to make it a reality. The proposed system, underpinned by data
analytics and machine learning, heralds a new era in crime analysis and prediction. It empowers
law enforcement to transition from reactive to proactive crime control, equipping them with
tools for identifying patterns, assessing severity, and predicting criminal activities.
Simultaneously, it provides the public with valuable insights into crime trends, fostering
informed decision-making for safety.

In conclusion, this proposed system represents the future of crime analysis and
prediction. Harnessing technology, data, and informed decision-making to forge safer
communities worldwide. It symbolizes hope in the face of rising crime, illuminating a path
toward a secure and prosperous future.

8|Page
CS&E Dept. BIET
 Crime analysis and forecasting using machine learning methodologies

REFERENCES
[1]
Olta Llaha, (2020 43rd International Convention on Information, Communication and
Electronic Technology (MIPRO)). Crime Analysis and Prediction using Machine
Learning.
[2]
Amar Shukla, Avita Katal Saurav, Raghuvanshi Shivam Sharma, (2021 International
Conference on Intelligent Technologies (CONIT)). Criminal Combat: Crime Analysis
and Prediction Using Machine Learning.
[3]
Noviyanti T M Sagala, (2021 International Seminar on Machine Learning,
Optimization, and Data Science (ISMODE)). Comparative Analysis of Grid-based
Decision Tree and Support Vector Machine for Crime Category Prediction.
[4]
Darshan M S, Shankaraiah, (2022 IEEE 2nd Mysore Sub Section International
Conference (MysuruCon)). Crime Analysis and Prediction using Machine Learning
Algorithms.
[5]
Vedhadharshan B, Varun Kumar K, Hariharan S, T Prem Chand, R Kaladevi,
Bhanuprasad A, (2022 2nd International Conference on Innovative Sustainable
Computational Technologies (CISCT)). Crime Analysis Using Linear Regression.
[6]
R M Akil, S Sarathambekai, T Vairam, R Sanjay Krishnan, G S Dharaneesh, D
Janarthanan, (2023 9th International Conference on Advanced Computing and
Communication Systems (ICACCS)). Crime Data Analysis and Safety
Recommendation System Using Machine Learning.
[7]
Sham Venkat S, Jeberson Retna Raj, Arjun A, Senduru Srinivasulu, Jabez, Gowri, (2023
IEEE Renewable Energy and Sustainable E-Mobility Conference (RESEM)). Crime
Analysis Framework for Predicting Criminal Behavioural Patterns with Machine
Learning.

9|Page
CS&E Dept. BIET