ABSTRACT

Student Result management system is a web project developed with the help of php
technology. The project titled “STUDENT RESULT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” is a web-based
application developed to maintain the results of the students.

This project contains three modules. register/login module, admin module and student module.
Admin module is used to create and manage the subjects, classes and add the students and
their results. Student module used to provide the results of the students and can download the
results.

Registered users can access the database of the students.

which will provide details about subjects, classes, results, and student can download results.
which is useful for the students.
This project is created with the help to HTML, CSS, JAVASCRIPT, MYSQL and PHP
technologies.

1
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

The Student Result Management System (STUDENT RESULT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) is a

web-based tool that primarily focuses on delivering results to students and instructors. The
student checks their separate outcomes using their roll number. It is easy for students to
retrieve their results through the college website, and it is easier for faculty to assess the pass
and fail rates of a given subject. Student, Faculty, and Administrator are the three components
that make up the system. The students may examine his results by entering their roll number,
and the faculty can view the analysis of pass and failure counts in the selected topic by entering
their name, roll number, course. The administrator is responsible for creating and maintaining
any current score.

1.1 Aim-: The main aim of a Student Result Management System is to automate the process
of organizing student records and results. This includes storing, retrieving, updating, and
deleting student records, as well as calculating and organizing their academic results.

1.2 Objective-: The objectives of a Student Result Management System include:

• Efficient Management: To provide an efficient and effective system for organizing student
records and results, eliminating the need for manual processing and reducing the time and
effort required for organizing student records.
• Accuracy: To ensure accuracy and reliability in organizing student records and results,
reducing the likelihood of errors and discrepancies in the records.
• Accessibility: To provide easy access to student records and results for authorized personnel,
such as teachers, administrators, and parents, through a secure and user-friendly interface.
• Automation: To automate the process of generating reports and calculating results, reducing
the workload of teachers and administrators.
• Transparency: To provide transparency in the evaluation process, allowing students to view
their results and enabling parents to monitor the progress of their children.
• Scalability: To design a system that can accommodate a large number of students and
records, ensuring that it can be easily scaled to meet the needs of growing institutions. Overall,
the aim and objectives of a Student Result Management System are to improve the
management of student records and results, while reducing the workload of teachers and
administrators, and providing easy access and transparency to all stakeholders.

1.3 Vision
Our vision for this project and training is to build and maintains a customer-oriented culture.
The customer satisfaction is what we aspire for. Hence, we are to provide a Student Result
service that are fully user-based application. User can easily understand the all things about the
website and use the project.

2
1.4 Existing System
Understanding the existing system is usually the starting activity of any project development.
The goal of this activity is to understand the requirements of the new system that is to be
developed. The through and clear understanding of the existing system involves the study of
important data entities in the system, major centers where action is taken, the purpose of the
different actions that are performed. There is no present computerized system existing in the
Branch Offices. Since all the works are done manually. When To Pay the Premiums,
remember to pay your premium in time, even if our notices do not reach you. There may be a
postal delay. So, it is time consuming and chances to lost policy. Chances of error and the
paper work is very high.
Disadvantages
• No facility to provide the information of users registered.
• Less efficient.
• Time consuming.
• Poor reliability.
• Not flexible.
• Can’t get more guidelines.
• Increase of cost
• Don’t Provide investment after verify the proof of identity and income by user.

1.5 PROPOSED SYSTEM

Student Result management system allows the only users to see animal lost for visit and admin
can add ticket of user online. It’s an easy system for Student Result manager for manage
Student Result animals and tourist.
Advantages
• More efficient.
• User understandable
• Less time consuming.
• Highly reliable.
• Easy data retrieval.
• More flexible.
• Less manpower required
• Provided full validation
• Interactive with JavaScript

3
 • Fully responsive web design
• Registered users only investment after verify these income tax and identify from
the admin team.
• Shared property by the users can be uploaded on the website after verify from
the admin team.
• Users can make a favorite list for the add favorite property in this list and will see
the property after some time.
• Users can check how many global investments made by himself.
• Admin team provide the all details about the website property and easily to
maintain and update on the website with Admin module.

1.6 FEASIBILITY STUDY

A feasibility study is a test of system proposal according to its workability, impact on the
organization, ability to meet user needs, and effective use of resources. The objective of
feasibility study is acquiring a sense of the scope of the system.
The development of a computer-based system is more likely to be plagued by security to
resources and difficult delivery rates. Not all requested projects are feasible. Three essentials
are involved in the feasibility analysis: technical, economic, behavioral feasibility.
➢ Technical Feasibility
Technical feasibility centers on the existing computer and to what extend it cans support the
proposed addition. For example: the current computer is operating at 80% capacity, then
running another application could overload the system and require additional hardware. This
system requires a multiple user environment. It needs a powerful RDBMS database SQL Server
to the purpose. So, this system is technically feasible. And provide scripting using php that are
able to run every server.
➢ Economic Feasibility
Economic analysis is the most frequently used method for evaluating the effectiveness of a
candidate system. More commonly known as cost/benefit analysis, the procedure is to
determine the benefit and saving that are expected from a candidate system and compare them
with the term of time by automating the process of report generation. A system that can be
developed technically and that will be used if installed must be a good investment or the
organization is more. Hence this package is economically feasible.
➢ Behavioral Feasibility
Proposed system is beneficial only if it can be turned into information system that will meet
organization’s operating requirements. People are inheritably resistant to change and
computers have been known to facilitate change. An estimate should be made to know how

4
strong the reaction of a user staff is likely to have towards the development computerized
system.
As this package is found to be feasible technically, economically and functionally, the system is
judged feasible. Viewing the collected information, recommendation and justification,
conclusions is made of the proposed system. Hence decision is taken to go on with the project.
➢ Operational Feasibility
People are inherently resistant to change, and computers have been known to facilitate change.
The system is designed in a user-friendly manner. Any layman with basic computer knowledge
can use the system, with a little bit of training. Thus, the system can manage by the existing
staff itself after a short period of training. Recruitment of technically qualified staffs for the
purpose is not required.

5
 CHAPTER 2
SYSTEM REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION

2.1 Scope

The system can be enhanced by adding new modules. The system will be converted into online
application. Online registration can be also included. The objectives specified, while starting the
system design are achieved. As the progress in life is advanced from the known to known, the
future of any software packages lies in its ability to progress from the specified to the general.
All activity is share and uploaded by the user are must he approve by the user if user approve
that then activity share on the website otherwise it is deleted.
The basic structure of the product was designed in such a way that the incorporation of
additional utilities and function could be accomplished very easily without any change in the
basic design. Apart from the system objectives; the system has been developed with the
intention of achieving high user friendliness, which has been achieved.
2.2 Purpose
This website provided the user who registered and verified by email sent by web server able
see the all-available rooms according to category and description about the particular room with
the image. Hershel can be booking the room on the particular hostel there is minimum room
monthly rent is 2000. if anybody want to book his own room, he/she must create account on the
website and register the room with After some verification by the admin team that room also the
part of this website. The purpose of website is providing the room for different types of users.
2.3 Developers Responsibility
The developers are responsible for
1) Developing the system
2) Installing the software on the client’s hardware
3) Conducting any user training that may be needed for using the system
4) Provide information and maintenances of the web application according to time

2.4 Design Constrains

A) Hardware Requirements
1) Processor : Pentium III and above
2) Hard disk drive : 40 GB
3) Main Memory : 128 MB and above
4) Floppy Drive : 1.44MB
5) Monitor : 14” SVGA

6) CD-ROM : 32x and above

6
 B) Software Requirements
1) Operating System : Windows XP, 2000, 2007 earlier
2) Web server : Wamp, Camp (Both with Apache and MYSQL server)
3) Internet Tools : Mozilla firebox, firebug, Google chrome, Abode flash player
4) Front-end : PHP
5) Backend : SQL Server

2.5 Functions of Each Module

Student Result management system is consisting following modules for Admin and User
module
A.) User Module
1. See result using valid roll ID.
2. about
3. contact us

B.) Admin Module

1. Login
2. Admin dashboard
3. Add/Update Class
4. Manage-Result
5. Add/Update Subjects
6. Add/Update Active/Inactive subject combination with class
7. Register new student and also edit info of the student

7
 CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM DESIGN

System design involves translating information requirements and conceptual design into
technical specification and general flow of processing. After the user requirements are
identified, related information is gathered to verify the problem and after evaluating the existing
system, a new system is proposed. The proposed system consists of various tables and their
maintenance to give accurate information for users.
For the design of this software, care has given for developing an efficient system, which is user
friendly as well as high in performance. It has been assured that the system will have the
functions and promises of the proposed system. Design phase acts as a bridge between the
software requirement specification and the implementation phase, which satisfies the
requirements.
The major step in design is the preparation of input forms and the design of all the major
output forms in a manner acceptable to the user in all aspects. The base lies in the complete
understanding of the system. The data flow diagrams explicitly specify the process flow. Table
design or database design is the next major step. Extreme care has to be given here and
several concepts of normalization have to be applied at many levels.

3.1 Table Design

The most important aspect of building an application is the design of tables or the database
schema. The data stored in the tables must be organized in some manner, which is
meaningful. The overall objective in the process of table design has been to treat data as an
organizational resource and as an integrated whole. The organization of data in a database
aims to achieve three major objectives, which are given below.
• Data Integration

• Data Integrity

• Data Independence

Several degrees of normalization have to be applied during the process of table design. The
major aim of the process of normalization is to reduce data redundancy and prevent losing
data integrity. Redundancy refers to unwanted and unnecessary repetition of data. Data
integrity has to be converted at all levels. Poor normalization can cause problems related to
storage and retrieval of data. During the process of normalization, dependencies can be
identified which cause serious problems during deletion and updating. Normalizing also helps
in simplifying the structure of tables. The theme behind a database is to handle information as

8
an integrated whole thus making access to information easy, quick, inexpensive and flexible
for users. The entire package depends on how the data are maintained in the system. Each
table has been designed with a perfect vision. Minor tables have been created which though
takes much space facilitates the process of querying fast and accurate.
In Hostel management system database file of SQL provide following tables are descriptions
of table

Tbladmin

tblanimal

tblpages

tblticforegner

9
 tblticindian

tbltickettype

3.2 Data Flow Diagrams:

The DFD takes an input-process-output view of a system i.e. data objects flow into the software,
are transformed by processing elements, and resultant data objects flow out of the software.
Data objects represented by labeled arrows and transformation are represented by circles also
called as bubbles. DFD is presented in a hierarchical fashion i.e. the first data flow model
represents the system as a whole. Subsequent DFD refine the context diagram (level 0 DFD),
providing increasing details with each subsequent level.
The DFD enables the software engineer to develop models of the information domain &
functional domain at the same time. As the DFD is refined into greater levels of details, the
analyst performs an implicit functional decomposition of the system. At the same time, the DFD
refinement results in a corresponding refinement of the data as it moves through the process
that embody the applications.
A context-level DFD for the system the primary external entities produce information for use by
the system and consume information generated by the system. The labeled arrow represents
data objects or object hierarchy.

RULES FOR DFD:

• Fix the scope of the system by means of context diagrams.

• Organize the DFD so that the main sequence of the actions
• Reads left to right and top to bottom.
• Identify all inputs and outputs.
• Identify and label each process internal to the system with Rounded circles.
• A process is required for all the data transformation and Transfers. Therefore, never
connect a data store to a data Source or the destinations or another data store with
just a Data flow arrow.
• Do not indicate hardware and ignore control information.

10
• Make sure the names of the processes accurately convey everything the process is
done.
• There must not be unnamed process.
• Indicate external sources and destinations of the data, with Squares.
• Number each occurrence of repeated external entities.

11
 • Identify all data flows for each process step, except simple Record retrievals
• Label data flow on each arrow.
• Use details flow on each arrow.
• Use the details flow arrow to indicate data movements.

Data
flow

diagram of the user module

Data flow diagram of the admin module

12
3.3 UML Diagrams:
Actor:
A coherent set of roles that users of use cases play when interacting with the use cases.

Use case:
A description of sequence of actions, including variants, that a system performs that yields an
observable result of value of an actor.
UML stands for Unified Modeling Language. UML is a language for specifying, visualizing and
documenting the system. This is the step while developing any product after analysis. The goal
from this is to produce a model of the entities involved in the project which later need to be built.
The representation of the entities that are to be used in the product being developed need to be
designed.
There are various kinds of methods in software design:
They are as follows:
➢ Use case Diagram
➢ Sequence Diagram
➢ Collaboration Diagram
➢ Activity Diagram
➢ State chat Diagram

USECASE DIAGRAMS:
Use case diagrams model behavior within a system and helps the developers understand of
what the user require. The stick man represents what’s called an actor.
13
Use case diagram can be useful for getting an overall view of the system and clarifying who can
do and more importantly what they can’t do.
Use case diagram consists of use cases and actors and shows the interaction between the use
case and actors.

• The purpose is to show the interactions between the use case and actor.
• To represent the system requirements from user’s perspective.
• An actor could be the end-user of the system or an external system.

USECASE DIAGRAM:
A Use case is a description of set of sequence of actions. Graphically it is rendered as
an ellipse with solid line including only its name. Use case diagram is a behavioral diagram that
shows a set of use cases and actors and their relationship. It is an association between the use
cases and actors. An actor represents a real-world object. Primary Actor – Sender, Secondary
Actor Receiver.

SEQUENCE DIAGRAM:

Sequence diagram and collaboration diagram are called INTERACTION DIAGRAMS. An

interaction diagram shows an interaction, consisting of set of objects and their relationship
including the messages that may be dispatched among them.
A sequence diagram is an introduction that empathizes the time ordering of messages.
Graphically a sequence diagram is a table that shows objects arranged along the X-axis and
messages ordered in increasing time along the Y-axis

14
COLLABORATION DIAGRAM:

A collaboration diagram is an introduction diagram that emphasizes the structural organization

of the objects that send and receive messages. Graphically a collaboration diagram is a
collection of vertices and arcs.

15
 Fig: Collaboration Diagram

State Chart Diagram

16
3.4 Input/output Design
I/O design forms one of the major aspects of any system design. It requires much careful
attention towards the user side It defines the interface between user and system. Carefully
designed inputs and outputs define how effective the system is.
Input Design
Input design converts user-oriented inputs to computer-based format, which requires careful
attention. The collection of input data is the most expensive part of the system in terms of the
equipment used and the number of people involved. In input design, data is accepted for
computer processing and input to the system is done through mapping via some map support
or links. Inaccurate input data is the most common cause of errors in data processing. The
input screens need to be designed very carefully and logically. A set of menus is provided
which help for better application navigation. While entering data in the input forms, proper
validation checks are done and messages will be generated by the system if incorrect data has
been entered.
Output Design
Outputs are the most important and direct source of information to the user and to the
department. Intelligent output design will improve the systems relationship with the user and
help much in decision-making. outputs are also used to provide a permanent hard copy of the
results for late uses. The forms used in the system are shown below. But in our website no
hardcopy for the output is provided because there is used only table-based data.

17
 CHAPTER 4
SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

The implementation stage is the next step towards the problem solution. Here the details like
which coding language is used, which database is used and so on is decided and the coding
are done in the specified language.
Implementation is the practical job of putting a theoretical design into practice. It may involve
the complete implementation of a computer complex or the introduction of one small
subsystem.
The implementation phase of a project covers the period from the acceptance of the tested
design to its satisfactory operations, supported by the appropriate user and operations manual.
It is a major operation across the whole organizational structure and requires a great deal of
planning. Planning for implementation must begin from the initial conception of the project. It
requires a thorough knowledge of the new system, its personnel needs, hardware and
software requirements, file and procedure conversion activities, and of the current system
where it interfaces with the new, the changes to it, the jobs, which will be superseded, etc.
Only the analyst responsible for creating the new system will possess this knowledge. He can
plan, schedule and co-ordinate but has no executive powers.
Implementation is the stage of the project when the theoretical design is turned into a working
system. The implementation stage is a systems project in its own right. It includes careful
planning, investigation of current system and its constraints on implementation, design of
methods to achieve the changeover, training of the staff in the changeover procedure and
evaluation of changeover method.
The first task in implementation is planning- deciding on the methods and time-scale to be
adopted. Once the planning has been completed, the major effort is to ensure that the
programs in the system are working properly. At the same time concentrate on training the
staff. When the staffs have been trained, the complete system, involving both computer and
user can be executed effectively.
When the Manager’s system is linked to terminals on remote sites, the telecommunication
network and tests of the network along with the system are also included under
implementation. Depending upon the nature of the system, extensive user training may be
required. Programming itself is a design work. The initial parameters of the management
information system should be modified as a result of programming efforts; programming
provides a Reality test for the assumptions made by the analyst.
System testing check the readiness and accuracy of the system access update and retrieve
data from new files. Once the program becomes available, the test data are read into the

18
 computer and processed. In this system, conventional Parallel Run was conducted to establish
the efficiency of the system.
Implementation is used here to mean the process of converting a new or a revised system
design into an operational one. Conversion is one aspect of Implementation. Conversion
means changing from one system to another. The objective is to put the tested system into
operation while holding costs, risks and personal irritation to a minimum.
Changeover is the process of adopting the new system. The new system has to be introduced
however. This is done after the system has been developed and tested completely. There is a
set of methods like Direct Changeover, Parallel Changeover, Pilot running etc. Pilot running is
intended here.
Data from one or more previous periods for the whole or part of the system is run on the new
system after results have been obtained from the old system and both are compared. It is
performed till the completion of one system life cycle.
When the changeover has taken place there will be a need for amendment to correct or
improve the new system. When the user wants to add any new records, some fields will
automatically get their default values. If the user desires to change these default values he can
do it.

4.1 OVERVIEW OF TECHNOLOGIES USED

4.1.1 PHP:

Hypertext Preprocessor, is a widely used, general-purpose scripting language that was

originally designed for web development, to produce dynamic web pages. It can be embedded
into HTML and generally runs on a web server, which needs to be configured to process PHP
code and create web page content from it. It can be deployed on most web servers and on
almost every operating system and platform free of charge.

PHP was originally created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1995 and has been in continuous
development ever since. The main implementation of PHP is now produced by The PHP Group
and serves as the de facto standard for PHP as there is no formal specification.PHP is free
software released under the PHP License, which is incompatible with the GNU General Public
License (GPL) because of restrictions on the use of the term PHP

PHP has evolved to include a command line interface capability and can also be used in
standalone graphical applications.

19
4.1.1.1 USAGE

PHP is a general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web development.
PHP generally runs on a web server. Any PHP code in a requested file is executed by the PHP
runtime, usually to create dynamic web page content. It can also be used for command-line
scripting and client-side GUI applications. PHP can be deployed on most web servers, many
operating systems and platforms, and can be used with many relational database management
systems. It is available free of charge, and the PHP Group provides the complete source code
for users to build, customize and extend for their own use.

PHP primarily acts as a filter, taking input from a file or stream containing text and/or PHP
instructions and outputs another stream of data; most commonly the output will be HTML. Since
PHP 4, the PHP parser compiles input to produce byte code for processing by the Zend Engine,
giving improved performance over its interpreter predecessor

Originally designed to create dynamic web pages, PHP now focuses mainly on server-side
scripting, and it is similar to other server-side scripting languages that provide dynamic content
from a web server to a client, such as Microsoft's Active Server Pages, Sun Microsystems' Java
Server Pages and mod_perl. PHP has also attracted the development of many frameworks that
provide building blocks and a design structure to promote rapid application development (RAD).
Some of these include CakePHP, Symfony, CodeIgniter, and Zend Framework, offering
features similar to other web application frameworks.

4.1.2 About HTML

HTML, which stands for Hyper Text Markup Language, is the predominant markup language
for web pages. It provides a means to create structured documents by denoting structural
semantics for text such as headings, paragraphs, lists etc as well as for links, quotes, and other
items. It allows images and objects to be embedded and can be used to create interactive
forms. It is written in the form of HTML elements consisting of "tags" surrounded by angle
brackets within the web page content. It can include or can load scripts in languages such as
JavaScript which affect the behavior of HTML processors like Web browsers; and Cascading
Style Sheets (CSS) to define the appearance and layout of text and other material. The W3C,
maintainer of both HTML and CSS standards, encourages the use of CSS over explicit
presentational markup.

20
Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) is the encoding scheme used to create and format a web
document. A user need not be an expert programmer to make use of HTML for creating
hypertext documents that can be put on the internet.

Most graphical e-mail clients allow the use of a subset of HTML (often ill-defined) to provide
formatting and semantic markup not available with plain text. This may include typographic
information like colored headings, emphasized and quoted text, inline images and diagrams.
Many such clients include both a GUI editor for composing HTML e-mail messages and a
rendering engine for displaying them. Use of HTML in e-mail is controversial because of
compatibility issues, because it can help disguise phishing attacks, because it can confuse
spam filters and because the message size is larger than plain text.

4.1.2.1 NAMING CONVENTIONS

The most common filename extension for files containing HTML is .html. A common
abbreviation of this is .htm, which originated because some early operating systems and file
systems, such as DOS and FAT, limited file extensions to three letters.

4.1.2.2 HTML APPLICATION

An HTML Application is a Microsoft Windows application that uses HTML and Dynamic HTML in
a browser to provide the application's graphical interface. A regular HTML file is confined to the
security model of the web browser, communicating only to web servers and manipulating only
webpage objects and site cookies. An HTA runs as a fully trusted application and therefore has
more privileges, like creation/editing/removal of files and Windows Registry entries. Because
they operate outside the browser's security model, HTAs cannot be executed via HTTP, but
must be downloaded (just like an EXE file) and executed from local file system

4.1.3 ABOUT JAVASCRIPT

JavaScript is an object-oriented scripting language used to enable programmatic access to

objects within both the client application and other applications. It is primarily used in the form of
client-side JavaScript, implemented as an integrated component of the web browser, allowing
the development of enhanced user interfaces and dynamic websites. JavaScript is a dialect of
the ECMA Script standard and is characterized as a dynamic, weakly typed, prototype-based
language with first-class functions. JavaScript was influenced by many languages and was
designed to look like Java, but to be easier for non-programmers to work with.

4.1.3.1 PROTOTYPE-BASED

21
JavaScript uses prototypes instead of classes for inheritance. It is possible to simulate many
class-based features with prototypes in JavaScript.

Functions double as object constructors along with their typical role. Prefixing a function call
with newly creates a new object and calls that function with its local this keyword bound to that
object for that invocation. The constructor's prototype property determines the object used for
the new object's internal prototype. JavaScript's built-in constructors, such as Array, also have
prototypes that can be modified.

Unlike many object-oriented languages, there is no distinction between a function definition and
a method definition. Rather, the distinction occurs during function calling; a function can be
called as a method. When a function is called as a method of an object, the function's local this
keyword is bound to that object for that invocation.

4.1.3.2USAGE
The primary use of JavaScript is to write functions that are embedded in or included from HTML
pages and interact with the Document Object Model (DOM) of the page. Because
JavaScript code can run locally in a user's browser (rather than on a remote server) it can
respond to user actions quickly, making an application feel more responsive. Furthermore,
JavaScript code can detect user actions which HTML alone cannot, such as individual
keystrokes. Applications such as Gmail take advantage of this: much of the user-interface logic
is written in JavaScript, and JavaScript dispatches requests for information (such as the content
of an e-mail message) to the server. The wider trend of Ajax programming similarly exploits this
strength.
A JavaScript engine (also known as JavaScript interpreter or JavaScript implementation) is an
interpreter that interprets JavaScript source code and executes the script accordingly. The first
JavaScript engine was created by Brendan Eich at Netscape Communications Corporation, for
the Netscape Navigator web browser. A web browser is by far the most common host
environment for JavaScript. Web browsers typically use the public API to create "host objects"
responsible for reflecting the DOM into JavaScript.

4.1.4 ABOUT MySQL

5.1.4.1 MySQL Introductions

There are a large number of database management systems currently available, some
commercial and some free.
Some of them: Oracle, Microsoft Access, MySQL and PostgreSQL.

22
These database systems are powerful, feature-rich software, capable of organizing and
searching millions of records at very high speeds.

Understanding Databases, Records, and Primary Keys

Every Database is composed of one or more tables.

These Tables, which structure data into rows and columns, Impose organization on the data.

The records in a table(below) are not arranged in any particular order.

To make it easy to identify a specific record, therefore, it becomes necessary

standing Relationships and Foreign Keys (RDBMS)

You already know that a single database can hold multiple tables.
In a Relational database management system (RDBMS), these tables can be linked to each
other by one or more common fields, called foreign keys.

What is Database administrator (DBA)?

Database administrator is the super user of database, he has unrestricted rights and privileges
to access database, grant permission to other database users.

What is Database user (DBU)?

Database user is the person who uses the database in a restricted privilege, provided by
database administrator.

Download MySQL Database

If you have installed PHP’s WAMP or XAMPP server, then MySQL database already exists. if
you don’t have then download MySQL database from herehttp://www.mysql.com

23
 CHAPTER 5
TESTING

Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of finding an error. Testing is a
crucial element of software quality assurance and presents ultimate review of specification,
design and coding.

System Testing is an important phase. Testing represents an interesting anomaly for the
software. Thus, a series of testing are performed for the proposed system before the system is
ready for user acceptance testing.

A good test case is one that has a high probability of finding an as undiscovered error. A
successful test is one that uncovers an as undiscovered error.

Testing Objectives:

1.Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of finding an error

2.A good test case is one that has a probability of finding an as yet undiscovered error
3.A successful test is one that uncovers an undiscovered error
Testing Principles

1. All tests should be traceable to end user requirements

2.Tests should be planned long before testing begins

3.Testing should begin on a small scale and progress towards testing in large

4.Exhaustive testing is not possible

5.To be most effective testing should be conducted by an independent third party

The primary objective for test case design is to derive a set of tests that has the highest
livelihood for uncovering defects in software. To accomplish this objective two different
categories of test case design techniques are used. They are

White box testing.

Black box testing.

24
White-box testing:

White box testing focus on the program control structure. Test cases are derived to ensure that
all statements in the program have been executed at least once during testing and that all
logical conditions have been executed.

Black-box testing:

Black box testing is designed to validate functional requirements without regard to the internal
workings of a program. Black box testing mainly focuses on the information domain of the
software, deriving test cases by partitioning input and output in a manner that provides through
test coverage. Incorrect and missing functions, interface errors, errors in data structures, error in
functional logic are the errors falling in this category.

Testing strategies:

A strategy for software testing must accommodate low-level tests that are necessary to verify
that all small source code segment has been correctly implemented as well as high-level tests
that validate major system functions against customer requirements.

Testing fundamentals:

Testing is a process of executing program with the intent of finding error. A good test case is
one that has high probability of finding an undiscovered error. If testing is conducted
successfully, it uncovers the errors in the software. Testing cannot show the absence of defects,
it can only show that software defects present.

Testing Information flow:

Information flow for testing flows the pattern. Two class of input provided to test the process.
The software configuration includes a software requirements specification, a design
specification and source code.

Test configuration includes test plan and test cases and test tools. Tests are conducted and all
the results are evaluated. That is test results are compared with expected results. When
erroneous data are uncovered, an error is implied and debugging commences.

Unit testing:

25
Unit testing is essential for the verification of the code produced during the coding phase and
hence the goal is to test the internal logic of the modules. Using the detailed design description
as a guide, important paths are tested to uncover errors with in the boundary of the modules.
These tests were carried out during the programming stage itself. All units of Vienna SQL were
successfully tested.

Integration testing:

Integration testing focuses on unit tested modules and build the program structure that is
dictated by the design phase.

System testing:

System testing tests the integration of each module in the system. It also tests to find
discrepancies between the system and its original objective, current specification and system
documentation. The primary concern is the compatibility of individual modules. Entire system is
working properly or not will be tested here, and specified path ODBC connection will correct or
not, and giving output or not are tested here these verifications and validations are done by
giving input values to the system and by comparing with expected output. Top-down testing
implementing here.

Acceptance Testing:

This testing is done to verify the readiness of the system for the implementation. Acceptance
testing begins when the system is complete. Its purpose is to provide the end user with the
confidence that the system is ready for use. It involves planning and execution of functional
tests, performance tests and stress tests in order to demonstrate that the implemented system
satisfies its requirements.

Tools to special importance during acceptance testing include:

Test coverage Analyzer – records the control paths followed for each test case.

Timing Analyzer – also called a profiler, reports the time spent in various regions of the code are
areas to concentrate on to improve system performance.

Coding standards – static analyzers and standard checkers are used to inspect code for
deviations from standards and guidelines.

Test Cases:

26
 Test cases are derived to ensure that all statements in the program have been executed at least
once during testing and that all logical conditions have been executed.
Using White-Box testing methods, the software engineer can drive test cases that
• Guarantee those logical decisions on their true and false sides.
• Exercise all logical decisions on their true and false sides.
• Execute all loops at their boundaries and within their operational bounds.
• Exercise internal data structure to assure their validity.
The test case specification for system testing has to be submitted for review before system
testing commences.

27
 CHAPTER 6
CONCLUSION
The software was developed in PHP and Sql. It is expected to live up to the objectives for
which it was designed. In the proposed system it is sure that it must reduce the manpower and
time duration. Thus, this system is a boon when viewed with a resource saving perspective,
which is vital for the system like “Investaa.com”.
The project titled “Investaa” has been done successfully and satisfies all the requirements
specified. This system helps in providing live data to the authorities and help in learn new
things from the many of users on the website who can share this property and invest on the
property these are uploaded by the admin team.
Conclusion is the summing up of arguments described in this article. This website provides a
user-friendly approach towards the system. This system has been well developed and when
implemented, is bound to satisfy all of the requirements. Painstaking efforts have been taken
to make the software impeccable and upgradeable. There is a hope that this software will be
utilized to its maximum and will do a good job in the long run. With blessings of God, the
exertions are hoped to bear fruit.
The program for carrying out various Property manage and investment on the property have
been run and successfully tested to ensure that the software developed meets the needs
satisfactorily. Any users can process this system without any experience in any software
products. The major advantages of software products are:

• Fast retrieval of entries from database.

• Cost effective.
• Available in diskette.
• Convenience, Ubiquity.
• Responsive web design
• Full of secure with SQL-injections
• Authorized login of user

28
 CHAPTER 7
FUTURE SCOPE OF THE SYSTEM
The system can be enhanced by adding new modules. The objective specified, while starting
the system the system designs are achieved. As the progress in life is advanced from the
known to known, the future of any Software packages lies in its ability to progress from the
specified to the general. This application is become more popular when users and property
added more and more there is added the most suitable property and users can invest on the
property there is access the property by users in future time. Application needs some users who
can access the website and access it properly
The basic structure of the product was designed in such a way that the incorporation of
additional utilities and function could be accomplished very easily without any changes in the
basic design. Apart from the system objectives; the system has been developed with the
intention of achieving high user friendliness, which has been achieved. We can also use it on
the mobile application because there is provided responsive web design using bootstrap

29
 CHAPTER 8
SCREENSHOTS
User panel

Fig.1 index

30
Admin panel

Fig. 1 admin login

31
Fig. 2 admin/dashboard

32
Fig. 3 admin/add_students.php

33
Fig.4 admin/manage_students.php

34
Fig. 5 admin/manage_subjects.php

35
Fig. 6 admin/create_class.php

36
Fig. 7 admin/manage-classes.php

37
Fig 8 result.php

38
Fig 9 result.pdf

39
 CHAPTER 9
CODING
Index.php
<?php
error_reporting(0);
include('includes/config.php');
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-
fit=no" />
<meta name="description" content="" />
<meta name="author" content="" />
<title>Student Result Management System</title>
<!-- Favicon-->
<link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="assets/favicon.ico" />
<!-- Core theme CSS (includes Bootstrap)-->
<link href="css/styles.css" rel="stylesheet" />
</head>
<body>
<!-- Responsive navbar-->
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-dark">
<div class="container">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="index.php">SRMS-(Student Result Management
System)</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-
bs-target="#navbarSupportedContent" aria-controls="navbarSupportedContent" aria-
expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"><span class="navbar-toggler-
icon"></span></button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarSupportedContent">
<ul class="navbar-nav ms-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page"
href="#!">Home</a></li>

40
 <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link active" href="find-
result.php">Students</a></li>
<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link active" href="admin-
login.php">Admin</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<!-- Header - set the background image for the header in the line below-->
<header class="py-5 bg-image-full" style="background-image:
url('images/background-image.jpg')">

</header>
<!-- Content section-->
<section class="py-5">
<div class="container my-5">
<div class="row justify-content-center">
<div class="col-lg-6">
<h2>Notice Board</h2>
<hr color="#000" />
<marquee direction="up" onmouseover="this.stop();"
onmouseout="this.start();">
<ul>
<?php $sql = "SELECT * from tblnotice";
$query = $dbh->prepare($sql);
$query->execute();
$results=$query->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_OBJ);
$cnt=1;
if($query->rowCount() > 0)
{
foreach($results as $result)
{ ?>
<li><a href="notice-details.php?nid=<?php echo htmlentities($result->id);?>"
target="_blank"><?php echo htmlentities($result->noticeTitle);?></li>
<?php }} ?>

41
 </ul>
</marquee>

</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>

<!-- Footer-->
<footer class="py-5 bg-dark">
<div class="container"><p class="m-0 text-center text-white">Copyright &copy;
Student Result Management System <?php echo date('Y');?></p></div>
</footer>
<!-- Bootstrap core JS-->
<script
src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></scri
pt>
<!-- Core theme JS-->
<script src="js/scripts.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

42
 Result.php
<?php
session_start();
error_reporting(0);
include('includes/config.php');
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<title>Result Management System</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/bootstrap.min.css" media="screen" >
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/font-awesome.min.css" media="screen" >
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/animate-css/animate.min.css" media="screen" >
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/lobipanel/lobipanel.min.css" media="screen" >
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/prism/prism.css" media="screen" >
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/main.css" media="screen" >
<script src="js/modernizr/modernizr.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="main-wrapper">
<div class="content-wrapper">
<div class="content-container">

<!-- /.left-sidebar -->

<div class="main-page">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row page-title-div">
<div class="col-md-12">
<h2 class="title" align="center">Result Management System</h2>
</div>
</div>

43
 <!-- /.row -->

<!-- /.row -->

</div>
<!-- /.container-fluid -->

<section class="section" id="exampl">

<div class="container-fluid">

<div class="row">

<div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-2">

<div class="panel">
<div class="panel-heading">
<div class="panel-title">
<h3 align="center">Student Result Details</h3>
<hr />
<?php
// code Student Data
$rollid=$_POST['rollid'];
$classid=$_POST['class'];
$_SESSION['rollid']=$rollid;
$_SESSION['classid']=$classid;
$qery = "SELECT
tblstudents.StudentName,tblstudents.RollId,tblstudents.RegDate,tblstudents.StudentId,t
blstudents.Status,tblclasses.ClassName,tblclasses.Section from tblstudents join
tblclasses on tblclasses.id=tblstudents.ClassId where tblstudents.RollId=:rollid and
tblstudents.ClassId=:classid ";
$stmt = $dbh->prepare($qery);
$stmt->bindParam(':rollid',$rollid,PDO::PARAM_STR);
$stmt->bindParam(':classid',$classid,PDO::PARAM_STR);
$stmt->execute();
$resultss=$stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_OBJ);
$cnt=1;

44
 if($stmt->rowCount() > 0)
{
foreach($resultss as $row)
{ ?>
<p><b>Student Name :</b> <?php echo htmlentities($row->StudentName);?></p>
<p><b>Student Roll Id :</b> <?php echo htmlentities($row->RollId);?>
<p><b>Student Class:</b> <?php echo htmlentities($row->ClassName);?>(<?php echo
htmlentities($row->Section);?>)
<?php }

?>
</div>
<div class="panel-body p-20">

<table class="table table-hover table-bordered" border="1"

width="100%">
<thead>
<tr style="text-align: center">
<th style="text-align: center">#</th>
<th style="text-align: center"> Subject</th>
<th style="text-align: center">Marks</th>
</tr>
</thead>

<tbody>
<?php
// Code for result

45
 $query ="select
t.StudentName,t.RollId,t.ClassId,t.marks,SubjectId,tblsubjects.SubjectName from (select
sts.StudentName,sts.RollId,sts.ClassId,tr.marks,SubjectId from tblstudents as sts join
tblresult as tr on tr.StudentId=sts.StudentId) as t join tblsubjects on
tblsubjects.id=t.SubjectId where (t.RollId=:rollid and t.ClassId=:classid)";
$query= $dbh -> prepare($query);
$query->bindParam(':rollid',$rollid,PDO::PARAM_STR);
$query->bindParam(':classid',$classid,PDO::PARAM_STR);
$query-> execute();
$results = $query -> fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_OBJ);
$cnt=1;
if($countrow=$query->rowCount()>0)
{
foreach($results as $result){

?>

<tr>
<th scope="row" style="text-align: center"><?php echo htmlentities($cnt);?></th>
<td style="text-align: center"><?php echo htmlentities($result->SubjectName);?></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><?php echo htmlentities($totalmarks=$result-
>marks);?></td>
</tr>
<?php
$totlcount+=$totalmarks;
$cnt++;}
?>
<tr>
<th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Total Marks</th>
<td style="text-align: center"><b><?php echo htmlentities($totlcount); ?></b> out of
<b><?php echo htmlentities($outof=($cnt-1)*100); ?></b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Percntage</th>

46
<td style="text-align: center"><b><?php echo htmlentities($totlcount*(100)/$outof); ?>
%</b></td>
</tr>

<tr>

<td colspan="3" align="center"><i class="fa fa-print fa-2x" aria-hidden="true"

style="cursor:pointer" OnClick="CallPrint(this.value)" ></i></td>
</tr>

<?php } else { ?>

<div class="alert alert-warning left-icon-alert" role="alert">
<strong>Notice!</strong> Your result not declare yet
<?php }
?>
</div>
<?php
} else
{?>

<div class="alert alert-danger left-icon-alert" role="alert">

strong>Oh snap!</strong>
<?php
echo htmlentities("Invalid Roll Id");
}
?>
</div>

</tbody>
</table>

</div>
</div>
<!-- /.panel -->

47
 </div>
<!-- /.col-md-6 -->

<div class="form-group">

<div class="col-sm-6">
<a href="index.php">Back to Home</a>
</div>
</div>

</div>
<!-- /.row -->

</div>
<!-- /.container-fluid -->
</section>
<!-- /.section -->

</div>
<!-- /.main-page -->

</div>
<!-- /.content-container -->
</div>
<!-- /.content-wrapper -->

</div>
<!-- /.main-wrapper -->

<!-- ========== COMMON JS FILES ========== -->

<script src="js/jquery/jquery-2.2.4.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/bootstrap/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/pace/pace.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/lobipanel/lobipanel.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/iscroll/iscroll.js"></script>

48
 <!-- ========== PAGE JS FILES ========== -->
<script src="js/prism/prism.js"></script>

<!-- ========== THEME JS ========== -->

<script src="js/main.js"></script>
<script>
$(function($) {

});

function CallPrint(strid) {
var prtContent = document.getElementById("exampl");
var WinPrint = window.open('', '',
'left=0,top=0,width=800,height=900,toolbar=0,scrollbars=0,status=0');
WinPrint.document.write(prtContent.innerHTML);
WinPrint.document.close();
WinPrint.focus();
WinPrint.print();
WinPrint.close();
}
</script>

</script>

<!-- ========== ADD custom.js FILE BELOW WITH YOUR CHANGES ========== --
>

</body>
</html>

49
 Dashboard.php
<?php
session_start();
error_reporting(0);
include('includes/config.php');
if(strlen($_SESSION['alogin'])=="")
{ header("Location: index.php"); }else{
?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<title>Student Result Management System | Dashboard</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/bootstrap.min.css" media="screen" >
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/font-awesome.min.css" media="screen" >
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/animate-css/animate.min.css" media="screen" >
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/lobipanel/lobipanel.min.css" media="screen" >
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/toastr/toastr.min.css" media="screen" >
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/icheck/skins/line/blue.css" >
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/icheck/skins/line/red.css" >
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/icheck/skins/line/green.css" >
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/main.css" media="screen" >
<script src="js/modernizr/modernizr.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body class="top-navbar-fixed">
<div class="main-wrapper">
<?php include('includes/topbar.php');?>
<div class="content-wrapper">
<div class="content-container">

<?php include('includes/leftbar.php');?>

<div class="main-page">

50
 <div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row page-title-div">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<h2 class="title">Dashboard</h2>

</div>
<!-- /.col-sm-6 -->
</div>
<!-- /.row -->

</div>
<!-- /.container-fluid -->

<section class="section">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12">
<a class="dashboard-stat bg-primary" href="manage-
students.php">
<?php
$sql1 ="SELECT StudentId from tblstudents ";
$query1 = $dbh -> prepare($sql1);
$query1->execute();
$results1=$query1->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_OBJ);
$totalstudents=$query1->rowCount();
?>

<span class="number counter"><?php echo

htmlentities($totalstudents);?></span>
<span class="name">Regd Users</span>
<span class="bg-icon"><i class="fa fa-users"></i></span>
</a>
<!-- /.dashboard-stat -->
</div>
<!-- /.col-lg-3 col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 -->

51
 <div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12" >
<a class="dashboard-stat bg-danger" href="manage-
subjects.php">
<?php
$sql ="SELECT id from tblsubjects ";
$query = $dbh -> prepare($sql);
$query->execute();
$results=$query->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_OBJ);
$totalsubjects=$query->rowCount();
?>
<span class="number counter"><?php echo
htmlentities($totalsubjects);?></span>
<span class="name">Subjects Listed</span>
<span class="bg-icon"><i class="fa fa-ticket"></i></span>
</a>
<!-- /.dashboard-stat -->
</div>
<!-- /.col-lg-3 col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 -->

<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12" style="margin-

top:1%;">
<a class="dashboard-stat bg-warning" href="manage-
classes.php">
<?php
$sql2 ="SELECT id from tblclasses ";
$query2 = $dbh -> prepare($sql2);
$query2->execute();
$results2=$query2->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_OBJ);
$totalclasses=$query2->rowCount();
?>
<span class="number counter"><?php echo
htmlentities($totalclasses);?></span>
<span class="name">Total classes listed</span>
<span class="bg-icon"><i class="fa fa-bank"></i></span>
</a>
<!-- /.dashboard-stat -->

52
 </div>
<!-- /.col-lg-3 col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 -->

<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12" style="margin-

top:1%">
<a class="dashboard-stat bg-success" href="manage-
results.php">
<?php
$sql3="SELECT distinct StudentId from tblresult ";
$query3 = $dbh -> prepare($sql3);
$query3->execute();
$results3=$query3->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_OBJ);
$totalresults=$query3->rowCount();
?>

<span class="number counter"><?php echo

htmlentities($totalresults);?></span>
<span class="name">Results Declared</span>
<span class="bg-icon"><i class="fa fa-file-text"></i></span>
</a>
<!-- /.dashboard-stat -->
</div>
<!-- /.col-lg-3 col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 -->

</div>
<!-- /.row -->
</div>
<!-- /.container-fluid -->
</section>
<!-- /.section -->

</div>
<!-- /.main-page -->

</div>

53
 <!-- /.content-container -->
</div>
<!-- /.content-wrapper -->

</div>
<!-- /.main-wrapper -->

<!-- ========== COMMON JS FILES ========== -->

<script src="js/jquery/jquery-2.2.4.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/jquery-ui/jquery-ui.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/bootstrap/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/pace/pace.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/lobipanel/lobipanel.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/iscroll/iscroll.js"></script>

<!-- ========== PAGE JS FILES ========== -->

<script src="js/prism/prism.js"></script>
<script src="js/waypoint/waypoints.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/counterUp/jquery.counterup.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/amcharts/amcharts.js"></script>
<script src="js/amcharts/serial.js"></script>
<script src="js/amcharts/plugins/export/export.min.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="js/amcharts/plugins/export/export.css" type="text/css"
media="all" />
<script src="js/amcharts/themes/light.js"></script>
<script src="js/toastr/toastr.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/icheck/icheck.min.js"></script>

<!-- ========== THEME JS ========== -->

<script src="js/main.js"></script>
<script src="js/production-chart.js"></script>
<script src="js/traffic-chart.js"></script>
<script src="js/task-list.js"></script>
<script>
$(function(){

54
 // Counter for dashboard stats
$('.counter').counterUp({
delay: 10,
time: 1000
});

// Welcome notification
toastr.options = {
"closeButton": true,
"debug": false,
"newestOnTop": false,
"progressBar": false,
"positionClass": "toast-top-right",
"preventDuplicates": false,
"onclick": null,
"showDuration": "300",
"hideDuration": "1000",
"timeOut": "5000",
"extendedTimeOut": "1000",
"showEasing": "swing",
"hideEasing": "linear",
"showMethod": "fadeIn",
"hideMethod": "fadeOut"
}
toastr["success"]( "Welcome to student Result Management System!");

});
</script>
</body>
</html>
<?php } ?>

55
 CHAPTER 10
REFERENCE

1. Kevin Tatroe, Peter MacIntyre, Rasmus Lerdorf, Programming PHP: Creating Dynamic
Web Pages, O'Reilly Media, Inc., 2013.
ISBN: 9781449365837
2. Dave W. Mercer, Beginning Php 5, John Wiley & Sons, 2009.
ISBN: 9788126505395
3. Peter Moulding, PHP Black Book, Coriolis Group Books, 2001
ISBN : 9781588800534
4. Robin Nixon, Learning PHP, MySQL & JavaScript: With jQuery, CSS & HTML5, O'Reilly
Media, Inc., 2014
ISBN: 9781491918623
5. Timothy Boronczyk, Elizabeth Naramore, Jason Gerner, Yann Le Scouarnec, Jeremy
Stolz, BEGINNING PHP6, APACHE, MYSQL WEB DEVELOPMENT, John Wiley &
Sons, 2009
ISBN : 9788126521227
6. http://php.net/manual/en/getting-started.php
7. https://www.w3schools.com/php/

56