MATH REVIEWER

3RD WEEK

Equation

 An equation is a mathematical statement that shows two exepressions are equal.

o Equal sign (=)
o Left side of the equation
o Right side of the equation
Left side of equation x=5 Right side of the equation
Equal sign

Inequalities

o An inequality compares two values, showing if one is less that, graeter that, or simply not equal to another
value.

Symbol meaning example read as

< Less than x <3 x is less than 3

< Less than or equal to x <3 x is less than or equal to 3

> Greater than x >3 x is greater than 3

> Greater than or equal to x >3 x is greater than or equal to 3 EX. x – 6 < 3

Solution of equation

o Asolution or root of the equation is a value of the variable that makes an equation correct.

Ex: Determine if the given values of x are solution to equation.

X – 3 = 4 if x = 1, x = 7, x = -7

X – 3 = 4 if x = 1 x – 3 = 4 if x =7 x – 3 = 4 if x =-7

1–3=4 7–3=4 -7 – 3 = 4

-2 = 4 4=4 -10 = 4

Solution of the Inequality

Ex. Determine which of the following is the solution of the given inequality.

2y – 6 > 8 if y = 5, y = 9

2y – 6 > 8 if y = 5 2y – 6 > 8 if y = 9

2(5) – 6 > 8 2(9) – 6 >8

4>8 12 > 8

False True

Solving equation and inequality in One Variable Involving Abusolute Value by Graphing

Ex. Solve|-2x + 7| = 25 and graph.

-2x + 7 =25 -2x + 7 = -25

-2x = 25 -7 -2x = -25 – 7

-2x = 18 -2x = - 32
-2 -2 X = -9 - 2 -2 x = 16

Ex. Solve | x – 5 | < 3 and graph.

X–5<3 x – 5 < -3

X<3+5 x < -3 + 5

X<8 x<2

Soving Problems Involving Equations In One Variables

1. The sum of five times a number and twelve is 32. Find the number

2. The sum of two consecutive integers is 47. Find the two numbers.

3. Find the three consecutive odd integers whose sum is 75.

4. Find the three consecutive even integers whose sum is 606.

Solving Problem Involving Equation in One Variable

Manny is two years older that Jay. Eight years from now. The sum of their ages will be twenty four. What is their
present age?

Ten years ago, the sum of the ages of juan and his son is twenty-eight. If juan is twenty-two years older than his son,
what is thei age now?
4TH WEEK

POLYGON
o A closed figure made up of three or more line segments joined at their endpoints
o POLYGONS AND NOT POLYGONS

Name of Polygons
Number of Sides Polygon Name
3 triangle
4 quadrilateral
5 pentagon
6 hexagon
7 heptagon
8 octagon
9 nonagon
10 decagon
12 dodecagon
N n-gon
Types of Polygons

• Regular Polygon

• Irregular Polygon

• Convex Polygon

• Concave polygon

 Regular Polygon
- If all the sides and interior angles of the polygon are equal, then it is known as a regular polygon. The
examples of regular polygons are square, equilateral triangle, etc.
- Ex, Equilateral triangle, Square, Regular pentagon, Regular Hexagon, Rugular Heptagon, Regular Octagon,
Regular Nonagon, Regular Decagon, Regular Dodecagon.
 Irregular Polygon
- If all the sides and the interior angles of the polygon are different measure, then it is known as an irregular
polygon. For example, a scalene triangle, a rectangle, a kite, e
- Ex, scalene triangle, rectangle, irregular pentagaon, irregular hexagon, irregular heptagon, irregular, irregular
nonangon, irregular decagon
 Convex Polygon
- If all the interior angles of a polygon are strictly less than 180 degrees, then it is known as a convex polygon.
The vertex will point outwards from the centre of the shape
- Ex, tringle, ouadrilateral. Pentagon, hexagon, octagon, parallelogram
 Concave Poly
- If one or more interior angles of a polygon are more than 180 degrees, then it is known as a concave
polygon. A concave polygon can have at least four sides. The vertex points towards the inside of the polygon.
- Ex, star

Convexity, Angles and Sides of Polygon

Polygon

Ø Convex - all interior angles are less than 180°

Ø Concave – at least one interior angle is greater than 180°

 Angles of a Polygon
Ø Interior angle – formed by two consecutive sides
Ø Central angle - formed by the segments joining consecutive vertices to the center of a regular polygon
Ø Exterior angle - formed by a side and an extension of an adjacent side

 INTERIOR ANGLE
- HEN
- ENO
- NOU
- OUG
- UGH
- GHE
 CENTRAL ANGLE
- ERN
 EXTERIOR ANGLE
- NOY
SIDES OF A POLYGON
- Point D and E are called consecutive vertices. BC and BA are called consecutive side. \C and \D are
called consecutive angle.
Interior and Exterior Angle of Polygon
• The interior angles of a polygon are the angles formed by the consecutive sides of a polygon. While, the
exterior angles of a polygon are the angles formed when the side of a polygon is extended.

In finding the sum of interior and exterior angles, we have things to remember:
o The sum of the interior angles of any polygons having n sides 180° (n-2).
o The measure of one angle of a regular polygon having n sides is given by 180° (n-2) divide n.
o The sum of all the different measures of the exterior angles of any polygons in 360° .
o All exterior angles of a regular polygons are congruent.
o The measure of one exterior angles of a regular polygon having n sidesis 360° divide.
Sum of the Interior angles
o 180° (n – 2) - the sum of the interior angles of any polygon having n si
Example: Find the sum of the interior angles of a regular heptagon.
= 180° (7 – 2)
180° (n-2) = 180° (5)
= 900
Measure of One Angle of a polygons
180° (n−2) - measure of one angle of a regular polygon having n sides
Example: Find the measure of an angle of a regular nonagon.
180° (n−2) n = 180° (9−2)
=180° (7) (divide) 9
= 1,260° (divide) 9
= 140
Measure of One Exterior Angle of a Polygon
o 360° � - measure of one exterior angle of a regular polygon having n side
Example: Find the measure of an exterior angle of a regular decagon.
360° n = 360° (divide) 10
= 36
Direction: Find the sum of the interior angles of a polygon with the following number of sides.
1)8
2)5
3)10