Name: DONOR, Mathew S. Instructor: Engr.

Marvin Radaza Practice Problems

Yr & Sec: BSEE 3 – H EE Comprehensive Course 1 - Mathematics Differential Calculus

PROBLEM #13: Convert the Cartesian PROBLEM #33: The plane 2x + 3y – 4z = 5

coordinate (9, −9, 2) into cylindrical intersects the x-axis at the point where the
coordinates. x-coordinate is _____.
𝟕𝝅 3𝜋 A. 2 C. 0
A. (𝟗√𝟐 , , 𝟐) C. (−9√2 , , 2)
𝟒 4 𝟏 2
5𝜋 7𝜋 B. 𝟐 𝟐 D. 2 3
B. (9√2 , , 2) D. (−9√2 , , 2)
4 4
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
The plane at which intersects the x-axis has
To convert cartesian to cylindrical
a coordinate of (a,0,0). Solving for the point
coordinates, it is important to recall the
at x-coordinate:
cylindrical coordinate equivalent of a
cartesian coordinate. 𝑥: (𝑎, 0,0)
𝐶𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒: (𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) 2x + 3y – 4z = 5
𝐶𝑦𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒: (𝑟, 𝜃, 𝑧) 2(a) + 3(0) – 4(0) = 5
𝑟2 = 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 2a = 5
𝑦 𝟓 𝟏
𝜃 = tan−1 ( ) 𝒂= 𝒐𝒓 𝟐
𝑥 𝟐 𝟐
𝑧=𝑧 PROBLEM #53: Convert to spherical
Transforming into cylindrical coordinates: coordinate the point having cylindrical
coordinates of (3, 30°, 4).
𝑟 2 = (9)2 + (−9)2
A. (5, 30°, 25.35°) C. (𝟓, 𝟑𝟎°, 𝟑𝟔. 𝟖𝟕°)
𝑟 = 9√2 B. (5, 30°, 25.35°) D. (5, 205°, 53.13°)
−9 SOLUTION:
𝜃 = tan−1 ( )
9
The spherical coordinates is given by :
𝜃 = −45 + 360
(𝜌, 𝜃, ∅),
7𝜋
𝜃 = 315° 𝑜𝑟
4 𝜌 = √𝑟 2 + 𝑧 2
𝑧=2 𝜃= 𝜃
Therefore, the cylindrical coordinates are: 𝑧
∅ = cos −1 ( )
𝟕𝝅 √𝑟 2 + 𝑧2
(𝟗√𝟐 , , 𝟐)
𝟒 Transforming to spherical coordinates:
Name: DONOR, Mathew S. Instructor: Engr. Marvin Radaza Practice Problems
Yr & Sec: BSEE 3 – H EE Comprehensive Course 1 - Mathematics Differential Calculus

𝜌 = √(3)2 + (4)2 SOLUTION:

𝜌= 5 To find the radius of the curvature, we need

to identify first the first and second
4
∅ = cos −1 ( ) derivative of an equation. For the given
5 equation,
∅ = 36.87°
𝑥 = 𝑦 3 𝑎𝑡 (1,1)
Therefore, the spherical coordinates is:
𝑑𝑥
(𝟓, 𝟑𝟎°, 𝟑𝟔. 𝟖𝟕°) = 3𝑦 2 @ 𝑦 = 1
𝑑𝑦
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑥
PROBLEM #73: If y = xln(x), find 𝑑𝑥2 . = 3(1)2
𝑑𝑦
1 1
A. C. − 𝑑𝑥
𝑥2 𝑥
𝟏 1 =3
B. D. − 𝑥2 𝑑𝑦
𝒙

SOLUTION: 𝑑2𝑥
= 6𝑦 @ 𝑦 = 1
𝑑𝑦 2
We can get it’s derivative by using the
product rule. Solving for the second 𝑑2𝑥
= 6(1)
derivative of the equation we have, 𝑑𝑦 2

𝑦 = 𝑥𝑙𝑛(𝑥) 𝑑2𝑥
=6
𝑑𝑦 2
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑢𝑣 ′ + 𝑣𝑢′
𝑑𝑥 The formula for the radius of the curvature
𝑑𝑦 1 is given by:
= 𝑥 ( ) + ln (𝑥)(1)
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 3
[ 1 + (𝑦 ′)2 ]2
𝑑𝑦 𝑅=
= 1 + 𝑙𝑛𝑥 𝑦′′
𝑑𝑥
3
𝑑2𝑦 1 [ 1 + (3)2 ]2
= 0+ 𝑅=
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑥 6
3
𝒅𝟐 𝒚 𝟏 [ 10]2
= 𝑅=
𝒅𝒙𝟐 𝒙 6
PROBLEM #93: Find the radius of the 𝑹 = 𝟓. 𝟐𝟕
curvature of the curve 𝑥 = 𝑦 3 at (1,1).
A. 4.72 C. 3.28
B. 4.67 D. 𝟓. 𝟐𝟕
Name: DONOR, Mathew S. Instructor: Engr. Marvin Radaza Practice Problems
Yr & Sec: BSEE 3 – H EE Comprehensive Course 1 - Mathematics Differential Calculus

PROBLEM #113: Find the slope of the SOLUTION:

tangent to a parabola 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 at a point on
1 The formula for the radius of the curvature
the curve where 𝑥 = 2. is given by:
A. 0 C. 𝟏 3
1 1 [ 1 + (𝑦 ′)2 ]2
B. D. − 2 𝑅=
4 𝑦′′
SOLUTION: 𝑦 + ln[cos(𝑥 )] = 0
The slope of the tangent (m) is equivalent to 𝑦 = − ln[cos(𝑥 )]
the derivative of a certain equation with
𝑑𝑦 1
respect to x. Mathematically, this express as: =− (−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 cos 𝑥
𝑑𝑦
𝑚 = 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥 = tan 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
To find the slope of the tangent to a
𝑑2𝑦
parabola, we need to derived first the given = sec2 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2
equation then substitutes the given value for
3
x. Hence, [ 1 + (𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 )2 ]2
𝑅=
𝑦 = 𝑥2 sec2 𝑥

𝑑𝑦 Note that 1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥 = sec2 𝑥

= 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥 3
(sec2 𝑥) 2
1 𝑅=
𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = sec2 𝑥
2
sec3 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 1 𝑅=
= 2( ) sec2 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑹 = 𝐬𝐞𝐜 𝒙
𝑑𝑦
=1
𝑑𝑥
𝒎=𝟏 PROBLEM #153: The cost per hour of
running a motor boat is proportional to the
cube of the speed. At what speed will the
PROBLEM #133: Find the radius of the boat run against a current of 8km/hr in order
curvature at any point in the curve y + to go a given distance most economically?
ln[cos(x)] = 0
A. 10 𝑘𝑝ℎ C. 11 𝑘𝑝ℎ
A. cos 𝑥 C. 𝐬𝐞𝐜 𝒙 B. 13 𝑘𝑝ℎ D. 𝟏𝟐 𝒌𝒑𝒉
B. 1.5707 D. 1
Name: DONOR, Mathew S. Instructor: Engr. Marvin Radaza Practice Problems
Yr & Sec: BSEE 3 – H EE Comprehensive Course 1 - Mathematics Differential Calculus

SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑐 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 𝑝𝑒𝑟 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟 𝑦 2 + 𝑦 + 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 = 5
𝑐 = 𝐾𝑠 3 , 𝐾 𝑖𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 = −𝑦 2 − 𝑦 + 5
𝑠 = 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2𝑥 −2 = −2𝑦 − 1 + 5
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝐶𝑡 = 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡
𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
As we recall, 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 = 2𝑥 −2 = −2𝑦 + 4
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑑 𝑑𝑥
𝑡= 𝑆𝑒𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 =0
𝑠−8 𝑑𝑦
𝐶𝑡 = 𝑐 𝑥 𝑡 2𝑥(0) − 2(0) = −2𝑦 + 4
𝑑𝐶𝑡 𝑑 2𝑦 = 4
= 𝑑 [𝐾𝑠 3 ( )]
𝑑𝑡 𝑠−8
𝑦=2
Setting aside the constants K and d:
From the equation,
𝑑𝐶𝑡 𝑠3
= 𝑑𝐾𝑑 [( )] 𝑦 2 + 𝑦 + 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 = 5
𝑑𝑡 𝑠−8

By applying the quotient rule: Solving for x value that maximizes y @ y =2:

𝑑𝐶𝑡 (2)2 + (2) + 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 = 5

= 𝐾𝑑 [(𝑠 − 8)(3𝑠 2 ) − (𝑠 3 )(1)]
𝑑𝑡 4 + 2 + 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 = 5
𝑑𝐶𝑡
=0 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 = 0
𝑑𝑡
(𝑥 − 1)2 = 0
2) 3 )] (
1 1
𝐾𝑑[(𝑠 − 8)(3𝑠 − (𝑠 ) = 0( )
𝐾𝑑 𝐾𝑑 𝒙=𝟏
3𝑠 3 − 24𝑠 2 − 𝑠 3 = 0
2𝑠 3 = 24𝑠 2 PROBLEM #193: A wall 2.245 m high, is “x”
𝒔 = 𝟏𝟐 𝒌𝒑𝒉 meters away from a building. The shortest
ladder that can reach the building with one
PROBLEM #173: A function is given below, end resting on the ground outside the wall is
what x value maximizes y? 6 m. What is the value of x?
𝑦 2 + 𝑦 + 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 = 5 A. 2 𝑚 C. 6 𝑚
A. 2.23 C. 5 B. 4 𝑚 D. 8 𝑚
B. −1 D. 𝟏
Name: DONOR, Mathew S. Instructor: Engr. Marvin Radaza Practice Problems
Yr & Sec: BSEE 3 – H EE Comprehensive Course 1 - Mathematics Differential Calculus

SOLUTION: 6 sin3 𝛳 cos 𝛳 = 2.245 sin2 𝛳 cos 𝛳 + 2.245 cos 3 𝛳

Multiply both sides by cos 𝛳:

A
6 sin3 𝛳 = 2.245 sin2 𝛳 + 2.245 cos 2 𝛳
a 6 sin3 𝛳 = 2.245(sin2 𝛳 + cos 2 𝛳)
x 6m=L
Note that sin2 𝛳 + cos2 𝛳 = 1
ϴ
6 sin3 𝛳 = 2.245(sin2 𝛳 + cos 2 𝛳)
b
6 sin3 𝛳 = 2.245(1)
2.245m
C 6 sin3 𝛳 = 2.245
B x
2.245
sin3 𝛳 =
To solve for the value of x, we must first 6
identify the angle based on the relation of 𝛳 = 46.103°
the figure shown above.
Solving for x from equation 2:
2.245 𝑥
sin 𝛳 = ; cos 𝛳 = ; 𝐿 = 𝑎 + 𝑏
𝑎 𝑏 2.245 cos 3 𝛳
𝑥=
2.245 𝑥 sin3 𝛳
𝐿= + (𝟏)
sin 𝛳 cos 𝛳 2.245 cos 3 (46.103°)
𝑥=
𝑑𝐿 2.245 cos 𝛳 𝑥 sin 𝛳 sin3 (46.103°)
=− +
𝑑𝑡 sin2 𝛳 cos 2 𝛳 𝒙 =𝟐𝒎
𝑑𝐿
=0 PROBLEM #213: A monthly overhead of a
𝑑𝑡
manufacturer of a certain commodity is
2.245 cos 𝛳 𝑥 sin 𝛳 P6000 and the cost of the material is P1.0 per
=
sin2 𝛳 cos 2 𝛳 unit. If not more than 4500 units are
2.245 cos 3 𝛳 manufactured per month, labor cost is P0.40
= 𝑥 (𝟐) per unit, but for each unit over 4500, the
sin3 𝛳
manufacturer must pay P0.60 for labor per
Substituting x to equation 1 @ L = 6:
unit. The manufacturer can sell 4000 units
2.245 𝑥 per month at P7.0 per unit and estimates
6= +
sin 𝛳 cos 𝛳 that monthly sales will rise by 100 for each
6 sin 𝛳 cos 𝛳 = 2.245 cos 𝛳 + 𝑥 sin 𝛳 P0.10 reduction in price. Find the number of
units that should be produced each month
2.245 cos3 𝛳
6 sin 𝛳 cos 𝛳 = 2.245 cos 𝛳 + (sin 𝛳) for a maximum profit.
sin3 𝛳
2.245 cos 3 𝛳 A. 2600 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 C. 6800 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
6 sin 𝛳 cos 𝛳 = 2.245 cos 𝛳 + B. 4700 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 D. 9900 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
sin2 𝛳

SOLUTION: