Physics Syllabus Unit 1.

Units and dimensions

Fundamental units in the CGS & SI systems - Definitions of SI Units - Supplementary
and derived units - Dimensions of Physical quantities - Application of Dimensional
Analysis - uses - examples - Limitations of dimensional analysis.
Errors in measurements - variation and average values - Number of observations - Ideas
of standard deviation and mean deviation- Systematic and random errors - Significant
figures and rounding off - Evaluation of percentage of errors.

Unit 2. Elements of vectors

Addition and subtraction of Vectors - Laws of addition of vectors - Equal and null vectors
- Unit vectors - Unit vectors in Cartesian co-ordinate system - Position vector and its
magnitude - Parallelogram law of vectors - Expression for the resultant vector.
Triangle law and polygon law of vectors - Application to relative motion of a boat in a
river - Multiplication of a vector with scalar. Scalar product with Examples of work and
energy. Vector product with examples of torque and angular momentum.
Vector and Scalar products of unit vectors.

Unit 3. Kinematics-Dynamics
Equations of motion in a straight line under uniform acceleration - Equation of motion of
freely falling body, vertically projected body from ground and from a height - Two
dimensional motion - Projectiles with examples - Path of a projectile - maximum height,
time of flight and range.
Newton's Laws of motion - Concepts of inertia, momentum force, impulse and types of
forces - Collision of two bodies in one dimension - one body at rest - two bodies moving
in the same and opposite directions - Elastic and inelastic collisions - Coefficient of
restitution.

Unit 4. Work, Power, and Energy

Definition and units - Expressions for P.E. & K.E. - Work-energy theorem - Law of
conservation of energy.

Unit 5. Centre of Mass

Definition - Co-ordinates of center of mass - Velocity, Acceleration - Characteristics of
center of mass - Examples in the case of two dimensional motions - Laws of motion of
center of mass - Explosion.

Unit 6. Friction
Causes of friction - Static, Kinetic and rolling friction - laws of friction - expressions for
acceleration of a body on smooth and rough inclined planes (without rolling).

Unit 7. Rotatory motion

Rotatory motion -Relationships between quantities in rotatory and linear motions -
Centripetal and centrifugal forces - Concepts of torque and couple - Relation between
angular momentum and torque - Moment of inertia - Rotational kinetic energy - Parallel
and perpendicular axes theorems - Expressions for the Moment of inertia of a thin rod,
sphere, circular ring, uniform disc., cylinder and rectangular lamina - Conservation of
angular momentum with examples - Motion in a vertical circle.

Unit 8. Gravitation
Kepler's laws of planetary motion - Newton's universal law of gravitation - Expression
for the relation between g & G - Variation of 'g' with height, depth, latitude and local
conditions. Inertial and gravitational masses - Escape velocity and orbital velocity - geo-
statonary satellites and their uses.

Unit 9. Simple Harmonic motion

Definitions and examples - Expressions for displacement, velocity, acceleration, time
period and frequency - Expressions for the period of a simple pendulum and loaded
spring - Force constant - Expressions for the KE & PE of a body in SHM.

Unit 10. Elasticity

Elasticity & plasticity - Stress - Strain, Hookes law - Modulii of elasticity (Y,n,K) -
Poisson's ratio (s) - Relation between Y,n,K and s - Behaviour of wire under gradually
increasing load - elastic fatigue - expression for strain energy - experimental
determination of Y by Searle's apparatus.

Unit 11. Surface Tension

Surface tension - Definition and examples - Molecular Phenomenon - Angle of contact -
Capillarity with examples in nature - Experimental determination of Surface Tension by
capillary rise method with necessary theory - variation of Surface Tension with
temperature - Expressions for excess pressure inside a drop and a bubble.

Unit 12. Hydrodynamics

Principle of Buoyancy - Pressure in a fluid - Bernoulli's theorem - Aerodynamic lift and
motion of spinning ball.

Unit 13. Viscosity

Stream line flow - Explanation of viscosity - Poiseuille's equation - determination of co-
efficient of Viscosity - Variation with temperature.

Unit 14. Expansion of Solids- Liquids-Gases

Three coefficients of expansion of solids their inter relationship - Determination of
coefficient of linear expansion by mechanical lever method - Application to Bimetallic
thermostat.
Coefficients of real and apparent expansion of liquids and the relation between them -
Variation of density with temperature - Anomalous expansion of water and its effects -
Experimental determination of real and apparent coefficients by Regnault's method and
specific gravity bottle.
Volume and pressure coefficients of expansion of gases - Experimental determination of
volume and pressure coefficients by Regnault's & Jolly's bulb apparatus - Absolute zero -
Kelvin's scale of temperature - Boyle's law and Charle's law - Ideal gas equation.

Unit 15. Thermodynamics

Definition of calorie, thermal capacity, specific heat and latent heats - Law of mixtures -
Problems relating to specific heats and latent heats and law of mixtures - Joule's law and
Mechanical equivalent of Heat (J). Three phases of matter and Triple point of water -
Definition of specific heats of gases Cp & Cv - Isothermal and Adiabatic processes -
Relationships between P,V & T - External work done by an ideal gas during expansion -
Internal energy - Statements and explanation of Zeroeth law, First and Second laws of
thermodynamics - Relation Cp-Cv = R.

Unit 16. Thermal Radiations

Nature and properties of thermal Radiation - Prevost's theory of heat exchanges -
Emissive and absorptive powers - Black body radiation - Kirchoff's law and its
application - Newton's law of cooling - Laws of Black body radiation - Stefan's law,
Weien's displacement law and Planck's formula (qualitative treatment only)

Unit 17.Sound
Propagation of sound - Wave equation -Velocity of sound in solids, liquids and gases -
Variation of velocity of sound in gases with temperature, pressure, density and humidity.
Natural and Forced vibrations - Resonance with examples - Formation of stationary
waves in stretched strings - Laws of transverse waves along stretched strings -
Experimental verification by sonometer - Beats - Definition and explanation (Theory
only) - Doppler effect - Formulae for apparent frequency in specific cases - Applications
and limitations of Doppler effect.

Unit 18. Geometrical Optics

Determination of velocity of light by Focault's rotating mirror method - Its significance -
Critical angle - Total internal reflection - Application to optical fibres.
Lens maker's formula 1/f = (m -1) (1/R1+ 1/R2) - Defects of images - Spherical and
Chromatic aberrations and their elimination (Qualitative treatment) - Construction of
Ramsden's and Huygens eye pieces. Dispersion of light - Formula for refractive index of
prism - Pure and impure spectra - arrangement to obtain pure spectrum -
Description and working of spectrometer - Determination of angle of a prism - Angle of
minimum deviation and Refractive index - Dispersive power of a prism.
Different kinds of spectra - Emission spectra-Line, Band and Continuous spectra-
Absorption spectra - their significance - Fraunhoffer lines and their significance.

Unit 19.Physical Optics

Nature of light - Newton's corpuscular theory - Huygen's wave theory - Electromagnetic
theory Quantum Theory (Elementary ideas only) - Interference - Coherent sources -
Young's double slit experiment - Phenomenon of diffraction - Fresnel and Fraunhoffer
diffraction - Diffraction at straight edge ( qualitative treatment) - Polarization - Concepts
of polarization - Production of plane polarized light by reflection and double
refraction (Polaroids).

Unit 20. Magnetism

Magnetic pole strength - Inverse square law - Magnetic induction B - Formulae for
magnetic induction on axial and equatorial line of a bar magnet and a very short bar
magnet - Couple acting on a bar magnet placed in a uniform magnetic field - Magnetic
moment of a magnet - Tangent law - Deflection magnetometer - Comparison of magnetic
moments in Tan A and Tan B positions by equal distance method and null method -
Verification of Inverse square law - vibration magnetometer - Experimental determination
of M and BH.
Magnetic materials Dia, Para, Ferro, Antiferro and Ferrimagnetism - their properties -
Electron theory of magnetism (qualitative treatment) - Permeability and Susceptibility
(concepts only).

Unit 21. Electro Statics

Coulomb's law - permittivity- Concept of electric field - Electric lines of force.
Force on a charge in an electric filed ( F=Eq) - Electric potential - Potential due to a point
charge - Potential energy of a point charge in a uniform electric field - Electron volt -
Relation between E and V ( E =v/d) Capacitance, Dielectric constant - Parallel plate
capacitor - Formula for Capacitance - Effect of di- electric on capacity (expressions only)
- Formulae for resultant capacitance when capacitors are connected in series and parallel
- Energy stored in a capacitor - Effect of dielectric on the energy - Types of capacitors
and their uses.

Unit 22. Current Electricity

Ohm's law - Specific resistance - Conductance - Temperature dependence of resistivity -
Thermistor - Emf of a cell - Internal resistance and back emf.
Kirchoff's laws - Statement and explanation - Application to Wheatstone's bridge for its
balance condition - Metre bridge - Principle of potentiometer - Comparison of emf's of
cells. Determination of internal resistance of a primary cell.

Unit 23. Thermo Electricity

Seebeck effect - Peltier and Thomson effects and their coefficients - Variation of thermo
emf with temperature - Neutral and Inversion temperatures. Application of thermo
couples.

Unit 24. Electro Magnetics

Oersted's experiment - Biot Savart law - The Tesla Ampere law - Magnetic field near a
long straight wire and at the center of a circular coil carrying current (expressions only) -
Force on a moving charge in a magnetic field (F = Q V X B ) - Force on a current
carrying conductor in a magnetic filed - Force between two straight parallel conductors
carrying current - Definition of Ampere - Fleming's left hand rule - Force and Torque on
current loop in a magnetic filed - Tangent Galvanometer expression for the current
construction and working of a moving coil galvanometer - Shunt and its uses -
Conversion of moving coil galvanometer into ammeter and voltmeter. Comparison of
Moving Coil Galvanometer with Tangent Galvanometer - Electro magnetic induction -
magnetic flux and induced emf. - Faraday and Lenz laws - Fleming's right hand rule -
Self and Mutual inductances - Henry.

Unit 25.Atomic Physics

Discovery of electron - e/ m electron by Thomson's method - Charge of an electron by
Millikan's oil drop method (Principle only) Photo electric effect - Laws of photoelectric
emission - Einstein's photo electric equation and its experimental verification by
Millikan's method - Photoelectric cells and their uses.
X-ray spectra - Mosley's law and its importance - Compton effect - Dual nature of matter
- De Borglie's hypothesis (concepts only)

Unit 26. Nuclear Physics

Composition of nucleus - Nuclear forces - Mass defect and binding energy - Explanations
with examples - Discovery of neutron - Nuclear fission - Chain reaction - Principle and
working of a Nuclear reactor - Nuclear fusion - Energy of sun and stars (Carbon -
Nitrogen cycle and Proton- Proton cycle) -Elementary particles.

Unit 27. Semi conductor Devices

Junction Diode - Depletion layer - Barrier potential- Forward bias and Reverse bias -
Current - Voltage characteristics - Junction diode as half wave and full wave rectifiers -
Zener diode as voltage regulator - Transistors - pnp and non transistors - Transistor
characteristics - Transistor as common emitter amplifier (Block diagram and qualitative
treatment only).