Dividing Simple Fractions and Mixed Numbers

Dividing Mixed Numbers with Fraction

2 2
Divide: 4 ÷ =?
3 3

Dividend Divisor Quotient

We can divide fractions using these steps:

Step 1: Change the mixed number to an improper fraction.

2 14
4 =
3 3

Step 2: Get the reciprocal of the divisor.

2 3
The reciprocal of 3 is 2 .

Step 3: Multiply the dividend with the reciprocal of the divisor.

1
14 3 14
× =
3 2 2
1
Step 4: Express the quotient in simplest form.
14
=7
2

Dividing Fractions
4 1
÷ =?
8 4

Step 1: Multiply the dividend by the reciprocal of the divisor.

1
4 4 4
× =
8 1 2
2
Step 2: Express the quotient in simplest form.
4
=2
2
Multiplying Mixed Numbers
3 2
Example: 4
×1 =n
3

Follow these three steps:

2 5
1. Change the mixed number to an improper fraction: 1 =
3 3
2. Multiply the numerators; then, multiply the denominators:
3 5 15
× =
4 3 12
3. Change the improper fraction to a mixed number. Express the fraction in
15 3 1
simplest form. 12
=1 ∨1
12 4

Multiplying Fractions Using Cancellation Method

20 13
Example: ×
35 15

Step 1: We can reduce 20 and 15 by dividing them both by 5.

4
20 13
×
35 15
3

Step 2: Multiply the numerators; then, multiply the denominators.

4 13 52
× =
35 3 105

20 13 52
So, 35 × 15 = 105
Remember!
 To subtract similar fractions, subtract the numerators, and then copy
the common denominator.
 To subtract a proper fraction from a whole number, regroup 1 from the
whole number as a fraction equivalent to 1 and use the denominator
of the proper fraction as the denominator of the regrouped fraction.
 To subtract mixed numbers, subtract first the fraction parts. Regroup if
necessary. Then subtract the whole number parts.
 To subtract fractions of the different forms, you may write both frac-
tions as improper fractions or both fractions as mixed numbers before
subtracting. Then proceed as you would subtract improper fractions or
mixed numbers.

Multiplying Simple Fractions and Mixed Numbers

Multiplying a Whole Number by a Fraction

Example:

1 5 1 5 2
5 × =n × = ∨1
3 1 3 3 3

Multiplying Fractions

To multiply fractions, simply multiply the numerators, and then,

multiply the denominators. Express the resulting fraction in simplest form.
3 2 6 1
Example 1: × = ∨
4 3 12 2

4 10 40 1
Example 2: × = ∨
8 15 120 3
Solving world problems involving subtraction of similar fraction.
1
A container is being filled with 2 4 L of water every minute. However, because
3
a small hole at the side of the container, 4 L of water is also very minute. How
much water is in the container after 5 minutes?

To solve, you may first make a table, and then look for a pattern that can help
you simplify the solution.

Time Amount of Water Added Amount of Water Lost

1 minute 1 3
2 L L
4 4
2 minute 1 3
2 L L
4 4
3 minute 1 3
2 L L
4 4
4 minute 1 3
2 L L
4 4
5 minute 1 3
2 L L
4 4

This means that you first have to find the total amount of water added after 5
minutes, and then subtract the total amount of water lost after 5 minutes.

1
4( 1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4 )
3 3 3 3 3
N= 2 +2 +2 +2 + 2 −( + + + + )
4 4 4 4 4

5 15
¿ 10 −
4 4

5 3
¿ 10 −3
4 4

2
¿7
4

1
¿7
2

1
Therefore,7 2 L of water is in the container after 5 minutes.
 3 7
d) N=14 20 −5 20 Regroup 1 from 14, and then write as
20
3 20 7 20
¿ 13 + −5
20 20 20
3 20 13
Add 13 + to get 13
23 7 20 20 20
¿ 13 −5
20 20 Subtract.

16 Write the answer in simplest form.

¿8
20

4
¿8
5

Example 4:
5 39
a) N=6 −
8 8 39
Write as a mixed number.
8
5 7
¿ 6 −4 8
8 8 Regroup 1 from 6, and then write as
8
5 8 7
¿ 5 + −4 5 8 13
8 8 8 Then add 5 + to get 5
8 8 8
13 7
¿5 −4 Subtract.
8 8
Write the answer in simplest form.
6 3
` ¿ 1 ∨1
8 4

2 7 1
b) N=4 − +
3 3 3 2
Write 4 as an improper fraction.
3
14 7 1
¿ − + Subtract.
3 3 3

7 1 Add.
¿ +
3 3 Write the answer in simplest form.

8 2
¿ ∨2
3 3
Subtracting Similar Fractions
Example 1:
5 2 3 When subtracting similar fractions, just subtract
N= − =
8 8 8 the numerators and then copy the denominator.

Example 2:
4 1 When subtracting mixed fractions, just subtract
N=9 −8
5 5
the fraction part first, and then subtract the whole
3 number parts.
¿1
5

Example 3:
16 3
a) N= −
13 13
When subtracting fractions
13
¿ ∨1 write your final answer in
13
simplest form.
5 2
b) N=12 −
6 6 Simplifying fractions:

3 3 3 1
¿ 12 ÷ =
6 6 3 2

1
¿ 12
2

7
c) N=5−
10 10
Write 5 as 4 , then subtract.
10
10 7
¿4 −
10 10

3
¿4
10
Solving world problems involving addition of similar fraction using a
bar model.
Example 3:
5 3
Parker bought 3 8 kg of bananas. He also bought some melons that weigh 2 8 kg
1
more than the bananas. Then he bought some mangoes that weigh 8 kg more
than the combined weight of the bananas and the melons. How much heavier
are the mangoes compared to the bananas?

To solve this, draw a bar model to visualize the relationship among the weights
of the fruits.

Bananas 5
3 kg
8
Melons 5 3
3 kg 2 kg
8 8
Mangoes 5 3 5 1
3 kg 2 kg 3 kg kg
8 8 8 8

The shaded bars represent how much heavier the mangoes are compared with
the bananas. To find this weight, add the fractions.
3 5 1 9 1 1
2 +3 + =5 =5+1 =6
8 8 8 8 8 8

1
Hence, the mangoes are heavier by 6 8 kg.

Remember!
 To add similar fractions, add the numerators, and then copy the com-
mon denominator.
 To add mixed numbers with the same denominator, add the fraction
parts. Then add the whole numbers. Regroup if necessary.
 To add mixed numbers and improper fractions, you may write them first
in the same form before adding.
 Always write your final answer in the simplest form.
 MATHEMA
Adding Similar Fractions
Example 1:
3 2 5
N= + =
8 8 8
When adding similar fractions, just add the nu-
merators and then copy the denominator.
NUMERATOR

DENOMINATOR

Example 2:
Changing improper fraction When adding improper fractions
26 38 22 into mixed fraction
A. N= 15 + 15 + 15 with similar denominator, add
5
the numerator and copy the
15 √ 86
¿
86
−75
denominator. Then, simplify your
15 answer or write it into mixed
11
fraction.
11
¿5
15

When adding mixed

Changing improper fraction
3 5 15 fractions with similar
B. N=14 18 +12 18 +16 18 into mixed fraction
1 denominators, add the
18 √ 23 whole numbers first. Then,
23
¿ 42 −18
18 add the numerators and
5
copy the denominator.
5 23 5
¿ 43 *Write as 1 , and then add Simplify your answer.
18 18 18
it to 42.

17 7
C. N= 12 +5 12 + 12
11 17 When adding mixed fraction and
*Write as mixed
12 improper fractions with similar
5
¿1
5 7 11
+5 +
number (1
12
). denominators, change the
12 12 12 improper fraction into mixed
Add.
23 fraction. Then, add the whole
¿6
12 23 11 numbers, followed by adding the
Write as 1 , and
12 12
numerators and copy the
then add it to 6.
denominator. Simplify your
answer.
 11
¿7
12

Handumanan Integrated Christian Academy

S.Y. 2022-2023
Prepared by: Ms. Elah Grace B. Viajedor

First Grading
Module
Mathematics 6
Name of Student: _______________________________________
Date: September 6-8, 2022

Note: Do not lost/misplaced this printed notes because all items and topics here will come out in the
exam. Please answer the worksheet and passed it on the said deadline. Parents please assist your children
in answering the activities. The lesson/topics are already been discussed prior to the designation of this
copy. Thank you and God bless!