ICEI - 2023 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)

Child Tracking using IoT Device

Latharani T R 1, Meghana G R 2, Basavanagowda T N 3, Harshapatel R G 4, Sanjana A C 5, Sharath J M 6
Dept. of CSE, JIT, Davanegere, India

You can also use your smartphone to tag someone else's

Abstract— IoT-based child tracking has drawn a lot of location and post it to Facebook. Tracking systems are
interest as a way to guarantee children's protection and commonly used to track where cars, planes, pets, and children
safety in a variety of settings. A GPS module, a are [3].
microprocessor, and wireless communication modules are In general, there are three segments that make up the GPS
included in the suggested system. The microcontroller system: the user segment, the ground segment, and the space
manages and analyses the information after the GPS segment. The following [4] is how certain segment descriptions
module has collected the child's location data. This are interpreted:
platform, which is accessed through a smartphone Space segment: The space segment is a component of a network
application, enables parents or guardians to track the of GPS satellites that are in geostationary orbit around the
whereabouts of their children in real time. The GPS module Earth.
is used by the child tracking system to continuously collect Ground section: The system's primary control station, which is
the child's position data. Real-time tracking is made run by the Air Force, is located in the ground segment, along
possible by the platform, which receives and maintains the with ground antennas and monitoring stations. The Air Force
location data. Parents or guardians can use the smartphone oversees the satellite system at the primary control station.
application to track the child's location on a map. They are Ground antennas provide accuracy correction orders and data
able to create predetermined safe zones and get alerts any to satellites and receive telemetry data from satellites.
time the child enters or exits them. The Internet of Things- User segment: The user segment includes devices that
based child tracking system offers a complete solution that receive and utilize GPS satellite data to conduct navigation,
enhances child safety and gives parents and other carers such as marine, aerospace, and automobile units.
peace of mind. Many years ago, there were numerous documented
incidents of missing youngsters aged 14 to 17. Parents are
Keywords—Node MCU, GPS, IoT, Child Tracking. always concerned about the risk of their children being
kidnapped or lost. Technological advancements, such as the
introduction of microcontrollers and sophisticated navigation
I. INTRODUCTION (Track your child) and tracking algorithms in Google Maps, have necessitated the
resolution of the aforementioned issues. This project will
Global Positioning Systems, or GPS systems, are widely used involve the creation of a tiny, low-cost gadget that can be worn
in today's society. These gadgets, like other devices that may around a child's neck or pocket and monitored using Google
record and save data, can be used as evidence in both civil and Maps. Furthermore, you may use this gadget to monitor your
criminal trials. pet, or you can track your pet using your car or bike, so you
always know where your pet is.
Understanding the implications of the precision of data
collected by these devices, as well as the likelihood of error in
data interpretation, is critical when using GPS data as evidence. II. UTILIZED HARDWARE
Although navigation is the most well-known use of global
This portion of the paper describes the hardware components
positioning, it is also utilized in field surveying to identify and that were used to create this work, including the GPS module
record correct positions. GPS systems are also used in and Node MCU.
communication systems for timing and frequency reasons due
to the precision of the satellite onboard clocks. "GPS satellites
have highly accurate clocks that can tell you the time to within 2.1 NodeMCU Microcontroller
40 nanoseconds, or four billionths of a second (0.000000040)."
GPS functionality might appear in unexpected locations. In order to aid in the hunt for missing or missing children, this
work was produced. The proposed approach in this study
Businesses use GPS devices to locate trucks and the employees uses the extensive capabilities offered by Android mobile
who drive them. GPS devices are included in many rental devices. GPS satellites and IoT technology are the system's two
vehicles for both navigation and recovery of lost or stolen fundamental building blocks, which form the system
vehicles. The social media site Twitter can track your location. architecture.
Also, telephony applications such as Facebook Places can send
information about a user's current location to network pages. Researching similar and already published works was necessary
in order to generate this work. Some of these duties demand
server operation or Internet connection. A NodeMCU

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 ICEI - 2023 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)

microcontroller board, which supports IoT, GPS, SQL Server, SQL Server is available in different editions such as Enterprise,
and Android applications, was used to construct the prototype. Standard, Web and Express. Enterprise Edition offers the most
In essence, the NodeMCU Microcontroller Kit is an open- comprehensive range of features. However, for development
source component used to create Internet of Things and testing purposes, SQL Server 2022 Developer Edition is
applications. The ESP8266 Wi-Fi SoC from Espresso if free for non-production use.
Systems is compatible with the firmware in this kit. Its
SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) and SQL Server Data
hardware is based on the ESP-12 kit and is offered in this kit as
Tools (SSDT) are two tools that are frequently used with SQL
an integrated chip.
Server. While SSDT is a development environment for building
It can read analog and digital signals from the real world and SQL Server databases, managing database objects, and
may be used in many conventional applications, including deploying database updates, SSMS is an integrated
smart houses, smart irrigation systems, and robotics. It is environment for managing your SQL Server infrastructure.
similar to Arduino microcontroller kits in this regard. The 10
Microsoft provides cloud-based SQL Server options, such as
digital pins (D1–D10) in the NodeMCU kit can be used to read
Azure SQL Database and SQL Server on Azure Virtual
digital inputs or produce digital outputs. Such pins also have
Machines, in addition to on-premises SQL Server deployments,
analog outputs for PWM technology, except pin D0 does not
enabling cheaper total cost of ownership (TCO), high
output his PWM. Analog output is provided via the PWM
availability/disaster recovery, and hybrid connectivity.
system utilized.
Vary the pulse width (that is, the time of the signal).
Additionally, for reading the analog input signal, the kit has one III. System Design and Implementation
pin (A0).
The required procedures for creating and putting into practice
the real-time kid-tracking system based on the NodeMCU
2.2 GPS Module
microcontroller, GPS module, and Blynk software are
In fact, GPS devices operate by examining their distance from presented in this chapter's subsection. We suggest a fix for the
the number of satellites. similar to the gadget has GPS satellite issue that relies mostly on GPS and IoT technology. It makes
location pre-programmed. The satellite is a device that use of the two key rich features now available on modern, high-
transmits information in the form of radio waves, including the tech smart mobile platforms.
time and position of the earth. Satellites are located and The project's operational hardware and software components
receivers are discovered in these wavelengths. one among the are as follows:
most typical The NEO-6M GPS chip, sold by U-Blix, is the Android App
module used for GPS applications. business, page 4 of 13.
NodeMCU Microcontroller Board
Smaller than a postage stamp, this chip is distinguished by its
GPS Module
size. Yet it manages to cram a surprising lot of functionality into
its little block. Utilize 50 distinct channels to track up to 22
satellites, and control the most effective satellites. The greatest 3.1 Real-time tracking system
sensitivity for tracking is (-161 dB). only uses 45mA of the The suggested approach is introduced in this section of the
power source, which might be a battery or power supply. It can chapter. The device is accountable for monitoring kids. Based
be upgraded, unlike certain GPS units. Position up to 5 times on his Internet of Things technology, this gadget uses a
per second with a 2.5 m horizontal position accuracy U-Blix 6's NodeMCU microcontroller. The GPS module is utilized for in-
positioning engine has a sub-second initial fix time. among the the-moment tracking. Figure 5 illustrates how a specific
top This module's capability to offer a power-saving mode. it Android app is configured to track the device's position using
enables a decrease in the amount of System power used by just Google Maps. The program will show the child's GPS-
turning on or off specific receiver segments. It significantly measured speed and direction as well as the longitude and
lowers the module's power consumption to just 11mA, making latitude of their stopping point. Additionally, this app will
it appropriate for current-sensitive applications like GPS display your child's current position on Google Maps.
wristwatches. The NEO-6M GPS chip's fundamental data pins
are detached via a 0.1-inch pitch header. By doing this, the pins 3.2 Results of real-time Device tracking subsystem
needed for UART communication are removed. kit for a The GPS will begin connecting with the satellites as soon as the
microcontroller. Additionally, this module supports baud rates NodeMCU microcontroller is turned on in order to ascertain the
between 4800 bps and 230400 bps. The default value is 9600. device's latitude and longitude. Following that, his NodeMCU
microcontroller sends this data to the SQL server. For apps
developed on the Android platform and for maps created with
2.3 SQL Server
Google Maps, SQL servers present data in the form of latitude
Microsoft created and offers the relational database and longitude. Shown in Figure 5. The suggested technique was
management system known as SQL Server. It is a piece of tested by slowly shifting the smartphone's location in order to
software whose main job is to store and quickly retrieve data detect changes in latitude and longitude. The NodeMCU
from other software programs. Numerous transaction microcontroller connects to another internet network via his
processing, business intelligence, and analytical applications Wi-Fi network on his TP-Link router, allowing him to follow
are supported by SQL Server. the device from anywhere in the globe. The smartphone is
connected to the internet via WIFI service.

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 ICEI - 2023 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)

IV. WORKING
The internet and a microcontroller chip are the device's core
components. The database contains the captured location,
which is utilized to determine the current location.

Figure 2: Circuit Diagram of child tracking

1. Connect the VCC pin of the GY-GPS module to the 3V pin

of the NodeMCU.
2. Connect the GND pin of the GY-GPS module to the GND
pin of the NodeMCU.
Figure 1: Working of Child Tracking 3. Connect the TX pin of the GY-GPS module to the RX pin
(D1) of the NodeMCU.
NodeMCU and GPS module 4. Connect the RX pin of the GY-GPS module to the TX pin
This is used to retrieve the device's location information, such (D2) of the NodeMCU.
as longitude and latitude, and to update the location on the SQL 5. Optionally, we can connect an LED to the NodeMCU to
server. indicate when the GPS module is active.
6. Finally, we use Arduino IDE, to program the NodeMCU to
Phone Location. read the GPS data and send it to a server or display it on a
This is used to retrieve phone’s location information, such as screen.
longitude and latitude, but here we don’t update the location to
SQL server. instead, this is used as from address to your app
VI. Results and Snapshots
In app map
here we are using the google map by them google map ape. Child Tracking
Because all Android phones are built with Google Maps, we Device
chose that. This map expects from and to locations. From
location is the phone location (source), and to location is the
device location from the SQL server (destination). This creates
a path from source to destination.

Siren based on the radius.

Here we set some radius. like we set four different radiuses. If
the child crosses the radius, it alerts the parents or a guardian
with different beep sounds.

Figure 3: IoT Device for Child Tracking

V. Circuit Diagram

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 ICEI - 2023 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)

VIII. FUTURE SCOPE

The IoT, NodeMCU, and GPS module-based child tracking
system has a lot of room for improvement. Integrating with
cutting-edge communication systems like 5G can improve the
accuracy and dependability of real-time tracking. By using
machine learning algorithms to analyses data patterns, it is
possible to predict kid behavior and spot potential dangers.
Additional safety features like heart rate monitoring and fall
warning can be offered by integrating wearable technology with
biometric sensors. Tracking between inside and outdoor
situations can be made smooth by integration with smart home
systems.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to take this opportunity to acknowledge the
contribution of certain people without which it would not have
been possible to complete this paperwork. We are thankful to
Figure 4: Home / Main page the principal Dr Ganesh D B, our head of the department Dr.
Mouneshachari S, Guide and Coordinators for their support,
encouragement, and suggestions. We would like to express our
special appreciation and thanks to our guide Mrs. Latharani T
R, you have been a tremendous mentor for us.

References

[ 1 ] CHILD SAFETY WEARABLE DEVICE - An IOT

based patient monitoring system using Raspberry" by
S. A. Patil and S. N. Zada, published in 2020 5th
International Conference on Communication and
Electronics Systems (ICCES 2020).
[ 2 ] "Intelligent Child Safety System using Machine
Learning in IoT" by R. K. Gupta and S. Singh,
published in 2020 IEEE 3rd International Conference
on Computing, Communication and Security (ICCCS
2020).
[ 3 ] "A Research on Child Safety Wearable Devices" by V.
S. Rathi navel and R. R. Varadaraja, published in 2019
IEEE International Conference on System,
Computation, Automation and Networking (ICSCAN
2019).
[ 4 ] "An Easy-to-use Low-cost Child Tracking System
Figure 5: Tracking page Based on IoT" by J. R. Lee and H. C. Chen, published
in 2019 International Conference on Orange
Technologies (ICOT 2019).
VII. CONCLUSION [ 5 ] "IoT-Enabled Smart Child Safety Digital System
The safety and security of children may be increased with the Architecture" by S. Kumar and V. K. Dixit, published
use of IoT devices like NodeMCU, and a GPS module. Using in 2018 8th International Conference on Cloud
GPS technology, parents and guardians may track their child's Computing, Data Science & Engineering - Confluence
exact location in real-time and receive notifications if the device (Confluence 2018).
veers outside of a preset range. A Wi-Fi-capable device like
NodeMCU may be used to immediately transport data to a
server. Using a SQL server, data may be quickly and securely
stored and accessed. Overall, this technology can safeguard
children's safety while also providing some level of comfort to
parents and other caretakers.

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