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    AnsSec3 7

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    Reginald Ashong
    The document discusses solving two differential equations. The first equation involves finding the general solution to y'' + y = tan(t) from 0 to pi/2. The second question involves verifying that two given functions y1 and y2 satisfy the corresponding homogeneous equation of x^2 y'' - 3xy' + 4y = x^2 ln(x) and finding the particular solution.

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    AnsSec3 7

    Uploaded by

    Reginald Ashong
    6 views2 pages
    The document discusses solving two differential equations. The first equation involves finding the general solution to y'' + y = tan(t) from 0 to pi/2. The second question involves verifying that two given functions y1 and y2 satisfy the corresponding homogeneous equation of x^2 y'' - 3xy' + 4y = x^2 ln(x) and finding the particular solution.

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    AnsSec3_7

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    The document discusses solving two differential equations. The first equation involves finding the general solution to y'' + y = tan(t) from 0 to pi/2. The second question involves verifying that two given functions y1 and y2 satisfy the corresponding homogeneous equation of x^2 y'' - 3xy' + 4y = x^2 ln(x) and finding the particular solution.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    6 views2 pages

    AnsSec3 7

    Uploaded by

    Reginald Ashong
    The document discusses solving two differential equations. The first equation involves finding the general solution to y'' + y = tan(t) from 0 to pi/2. The second question involves verifying that two given functions y1 and y2 satisfy the corresponding homogeneous equation of x^2 y'' - 3xy' + 4y = x^2 ln(x) and finding the particular solution.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    §3.

    #5. Find the general solution of the differential equation

    y” + y = tan(t), 0<t<π/2 .

    Solution. The characteristic equation of the corresponding homogeneous equation r2 + 1 = 0 has roots

    i, −i

    Let y1 (t) = cos(t), y2 (t) = sin(t), and g(t) = tan(t). The Wronskian of y1 (t) and y2 (t) is

    cos(t) sin(t)
    W (y1 , y2 )(t) = = cos(t)2 + sin(t)2 = 1
    −sin(t) cos(t)

    By Theorem 3.7.1, particular solution of the given DE can be obtained from the next formula.

    y2 (t) g (t) y1 (t) g (t)


    Z Z
    Y (t) = −y1 (t) dt + y2 (t) dt
    W (y1 , y2 )(t) W (y1 , y2 )(t)

    = −cos(t) (−sin(t) + ln(sec(t) + tan(t))) − sin(t) cos(t)

    = −cos(t) ln(sec(t) + tan(t))

    The general solution of the given DE is

    y(t) = c1 cos(t) + c2 sin(t) − cos(t) ln(sec(t) + tan(t))

    #17 Verify that the given function y1 and y2 satisfy the corresponding homogeneous equation; then find a
    particular solution of the given nonhomogeneous equation.

    x2 y ′′ − 3xy ′ + 4y = x2 ln x , x > 0, y1 (x) = x2 , y2 (x) = x2 ln x .

    Solution. Notice that y1′ (x) = 2x, and y1′′ (x) = 2,

    x2 y1′′ − 3xy1′ + 4y1 = 2x2 − 6x2 + 4x2 = 0 .

    Therefore, y1 (x) is a solution of the corresponding homogeneous DE.

    Similarly, y2′ (x) = 2 x ln (x) + x, y1′′ (x) = 2 ln (x) + 3, and

    x2 y2′′ − 3xy2′ + 4y2


    = x2 (2 ln (x) + 3) − 3 x (2 x ln (x) + x) + 4 x2 ln (x)
    = 0.

    Thus, y2 (x) is a solution of the corresponding homogeneous DE.

    The Wronskian of y1 and y2 is


    x2 x2 ln(x)
    W(y1 , y2 (t) = = x3
    2 x 2 x ln(x) + x
    Notice that
    g(x) = ln(x)

    1
    Using Theorem 3.7.1, a particular solution is given by the next formula,

    y2 (x) g (x) y1 (x) g (x)


    Z Z
    Y (x) = −y1 (x) dx + y2 (x) dx
    Z 2 W (y1 , y2 )(x) Z 2W (y1 , y2 )(x)
    x ln(x) ln(x) x ln x
    = −x2 3
    dx + x2 ln x dx
    x x3
    2
    (ln(x)) ln x
    Z Z
    = −x2 dx + x2 ln x dx
    x Z x
    2
    (ln(x)) ln x 1
    Z
    = −x2 dx + x2 ln x dx let u = ln x, du = dx
    Z x Z x x
    = −x2 u2 du + x2 ln x udu
    1 1
    = −x2 u3 + x2 ln x u2
    3 2
    21 1
    = −x (ln x) + x ln x (ln x)2
    3 2
    3 2
    1 2 3
    = x ln(x)
    6

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