Scribd
Upload
14 views3 pages

Proof

The document contains several proofs about properties of even and odd integers. It proves that the sum and product of two even integers is even, and that odd integers squared or cubed plus/minus a constant are even. It also proves the contrapositive of a statement and proves a statement true by contradiction.

Uploaded by

Trisha Lao
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
14 views3 pages

Proof

The document contains several proofs about properties of even and odd integers. It proves that the sum and product of two even integers is even, and that odd integers squared or cubed plus/minus a constant are even. It also proves the contrapositive of a statement and proves a statement true by contradiction.

Uploaded by

Trisha Lao
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

1.

Proof:
Let a and b be two random even numbers. Then, for some j,k in Z, a = 2j, and b = 2k.
Keep in mind that a + b = 2j + 2k = 2(j + k). Since the integers are closed when added,
and since j + k is an integer, we know that 2(j + k) is an even number. The even integers
are therefore closed under addition. It follows.

Now think about the product ab. Be aware that ab = (2j)(2k)=4jk = 2 (2jk). Because the
integers are closed under multiplication and 2jk is an integer, 2(2jk) = ab must be an even
number. Thus, when multiplied, the even integers are closed.

2. Proof:
Assume that n is an odd integer. This implies that there is some integer k such that
n = 2k+ 1.

Then 𝑛2 = (2𝑘 + 1)2 = 4𝑘 2 + 4𝑘 + 1 = 2(2𝑘 2 + 2𝑘) + 1.


Therefore, 𝑛2 is odd.

3. Proof:

4. Proof:
let mn = 2k
since m and n are integers, k = a*b, such that mn= 2ab , m = 2a and n = b ,
or, m = a , n = 2b
where a and b are arbitrary integers
in these cases , m and/or n are even numbers.

5. Proof:
Let n be odd.
Then, n = 2k+1 for some integer k.
Then 𝑛3 + 5 = (2𝑘 + 1)3 + 5
= 8𝑘 3 + 12𝑘 2 + 6𝑘 + 6
= 2(4𝑘 3 + 6𝑘 2 + 3𝑘 + 3)
= 2𝑝
Where 𝑝 = 4𝑘 3 + 6𝑘 2 + 3𝑘 + 3
= Integer

Thus 𝑛3 + 5 is two times some integer, so it is even by the definition of an even integer.

6. The contrapositive of the above statement is:

if n is integer and 3n+2 is not even(i.e odd)

then n is not even(i.e. odd).

now,we prove the contrapositive statement

as 3n + 2 is not even,then it will be odd

and it can be given as

3n+2=2m+1{where m is an integer}

==>n=(2m-1)/3 {here both numerator and denominator are odd}

==>n is odd.

so,the contrapositive statement is true

=>the given statement is also true.

7.
8. Now we have to prove that this statement by contradiction.
So let 4n + 6m ≠ 11 ∀ 𝑚, 𝑛 ∈ ℝ
1
Now we take n = 3, m = − 6 ∈ ℝ
1
So, 4n + 6m = 4 x 3 + 6 (− 6 )
= 12 – 1
4n + 6m = 11

Which is contradiction. So assumption is wrong.


So for all real numbers, the statement 4n + 6m = 11 is true

You might also like