1.
RAPID READING
Aims to locate specific information or main ideas in a very
short span of time.
2.PREVIEWING
-is a skill wherein a reader looks over a material and
focuses on the information he/she finds relevant.
It also allows readers to set the purpose and link the
content of the material to their background knowledge.
3. LITERAL READING
It involves the understanding of ideas and facts that are
directly stated in the printed material.
-skills included here are note-taking, paraphrasing and
summarizing. These are done in the post-reading stage.
A. SUMMARIZING
Summarizing is a skill that involves condensing a lengthy
text into shorter passage which is usually 15 to 30 percent
of the source material.
Thesis statement or the topic sentence is included in the
summary.
Major details may be mentioned but are not required.
A citation of the original source is always necessary.
B . PA R A P H R A S I N G
It involves restating the ideas from the original text.
Unlike with summary, the length of a paraphrased text is
almost similar to the length of the original text because it
focuses on the details and not on the main idea.
PARAP H RASI NG
It also cites and preserves the tone of the original text.
Paraphrasing is done to simplify a complicated text,
improve study skills and borrow ideas without quoting
directly.
ST R AT E G I E S FO R E F F E CT I V E PA R A P H R A S I N G
• Do not change the original thought of the text; change
the way it is conveyed.
• Do not confuse it with a summary. Focus on details, not
on the main idea alone.
• As with summarizing, ensure accuracy by comparing the
original and the paraphrased texts.
4. INFERENTIAL READING
It refers to the process of deducing facts and ideas not
directly expressed in the text. It is also known as “reading
between the lines.”
This skill includes making generalizations, inferences, and
conclusions.
This is applied during the while-reading stage.
5. CRITICAL READING
It refers to the close and thorough evaluation of the claims
in the text in terms of relevance, validity and logic.
This skill includes distinguishing facts from opinions and
detecting logical fallacies.
As with inferential reading, critical reading happens in the
while-reading stage.
REMEDIAL READING FUNCTIONAL READING
DEVELOPMENTAL READING PLEASURE READING
• Ryan reads a long text to improve his reading comprehension
skills.
• Karen reads her favorite book, To Kill a Mockingbird, to relax after
a long day.
• Felipe reads a college form to understand how to fill it out.
• Francis reads a pronunciation chart with his teacher to help him
correct his pronunciation of diphthongs.
TYPES OF READING
• Developmental Reading - a systematic instruction which aims to
develop the students’ reading skills
• Pleasure Reading – a more passive type of reading that primarily
aims to provide enjoyment and entertainment
• Functional Reading – designed to help students learn basic
functional reading
• Remedial Reading – aims to correct the effects of poor teaching
and poor learning
NON-CRITICAL THINKING
HAPPENS WHEN YOU SIMPLY ACCEPT
THE THINGS YOU ARE TOLD WITHOUT
EXAMINING THEM. IT ALSO HAPPENS
WHEN YOU CONSTRUCT THOUGHTS
BASED ON EMOTIONS. MOREOVER,
NON-CRITICAL THINKING LEADS
PEOPLE TO JUMP TO CONCLUSIONS
WITHOUT PROOF OR EVIDENCE.
NON-CRITICAL THINKING
HAPPENS WHEN YOU SIMPLY ACCEPT
THE THINGS YOU ARE TOLD WITHOUT
EXAMINING THEM. IT ALSO HAPPENS
WHEN YOU CONSTRUCT THOUGHTS
BASED ON EMOTIONS. MOREOVER,
NON-CRITICAL THINKING LEADS
PEOPLE TO JUMP TO CONCLUSIONS
WITHOUT PROOF OR EVIDENCE.
CRITICAL THINKING
INVOLVES A SERIES OF
COMPLEX THOUGHT
PROCESSES WHICH ALLOWS
YOU TO MAKE A REASONED
JUDGMENTS, ASSESS THE
WAY YOU THINK, AND SOLVE
PROBLEMS EFFECTIVELY.
CRITICAL THINKING
YOU EMPLOY CRITICAL THINKING
WHEN YOU ACTIVELY LISTEN TO THE
CLASS DISCUSSION, FORMULATE
QUESTIONS, WHEN YOU WRITE
REPORTS AND EXPLAIN YOUR IDEAS,
AND WHEN YOU MAKE PROJECTS
AND ANALYZE THE PROCESSES
INVOLVED.
