RAJALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE,THANDALAM, CHENNAI

INDEX

S.No. Form Nos. Title of the Form Page Nos.

1 CF1 Preface of the Course File

2 CF2 Subject handled by yester years

3 CF3 Allocation of subject & class time table with TCH

4 CF4 Faculty Time Table

5 CF5 Syllabus

6 CF6 Lesson Plan & Learning Structure

7 CF7 Course Student List

8 CF8 Assignments/ Self Study Topics

9 CF9 Report on frequent absentees

10 CF10 Unit test question paper

11 CF11 Mark List

12 CF12 Result Analysis

13 CF13 Action taken on Slow Learners

14 CF14 University question paper / question bank

 FORM NO.CF1

PREFACE OF THE COURSE FILE

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

Batch : 2013-2017

Branch : ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Year & Semester : III Year V Sem EEE A

Subject Code : IC6501

Name of the Subject : CONTROL SYSTEMS.

Staff incharge : Mrs.T.MARIAMMAL

2
 FORM NO.CF2

SUBJECT HANDLERS OF YESTER YEARS

DEPARTMENT OF Electrical Engineering

SUBJECT : CONTROL SYSTEMS

SUBJECT CODE : IC6501

Name of the Faculty

S.No. Academic Year Class & Section
Member

3
FORM NO. CF3
RAJALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
Time Table for Academic year 2015-2016 (ODD Semester- JUNE 2015 to NOVEMBER 2015

Class Incharge: Semester: V Year: III/ Section : A Wef:29.6.15 Class Chairman :

Mrs.K.Jayashree Mrs.J.Antosheeba
Hall No: WT10

1 4 5 7
DAY/ 2 9.50- 3 11.50- 6
8.00- 11- 12.30-1.20 2.10-
PERIOD 9.00-9.50 10.1 10.10-11 12.30 1.20 – 2.10
9.00 11.50 12.40-1.20 3.00
0 11.50-
MON ME6701 EE6501 EE6511(A1)/EE6512(A2) LUNCH ME6701 EE6504

ME670
TUE EE6503 IC6501 EE6501 LUNCH EE6511(A2)/EE6512(A1)
1
B
R
WED EE6502 EE6504 E EE6504 EE6501 LUNCH GE6563
A
K
THUR IC6501 EE6502 EE6502 IC6501 EE6503 LUNCH VAP

FRI IC6501 EE6501 EE6504 EE6503 EE6503 LUNCH EE6502 ME6701

COURSE Tutorial /Lab Assistant/

COURSE TITLE STAFF NAME L/T P
CODE Staff code
EE6501 Power System Analysis Mrs.K.Jayashree/EE77 4
EE6502 Microprocessor and Microcontroller Mrs. V.Geetha Priya / EE03 4
EE6503 Power Electronics Mr. R. Essakiraj/EE43 4
Dr. C. Kamala
EE6504 Electrical Machines--II Mrs. C.Amutha/EE99 3+1
Kannan/EE39
IC6501 Control System Mr.T.Marriammal/EE98 3+1 Mrs. B. Lekshmi sree/EE97
ME6701 Power Plant Engineering Mr.V.Veerapandiyan/EE113 4
Practical
EE6511 Control and Instrumentation Mr.T.Marriammal /EE98(A1 3 Ms.R.Vaishnavi(A1 &A2)

4
 &A2)
Laboratory
Mr.D.Vidhya Sagar/EE111
(A1)
Mrs. C.Amutha/EE99(A1 & A2)
EE6512 Electrical Machines Laboratory – II 3 Mrs.R.Padmavathi
/EE40(A2)

GE6563 Comunication skill Laboratory Mrs.Latha Viswanath 3

VAP Mr.V.Veerapandiyan/EE 113 2

TIME TABLE INCHARGE

TIME TABLE COORDINATOR

HOD/EEE

PRINCIPAL

FORM NO. CF4

FACULTY TIME TABLE
Mrs.T.Mariammal
9.50 - 12.40-
8.00 - 9.00 - 10.10 10.10 - 11.00 11.00 - 1.20 / 2.10 -
1.20 - 2.10
9.00 9.50 9.50 - 10.40 -11.00 11.50 11.50-12.40 / 12.30- 3.00
Time(II,III,IV) 10.40 11.50-12.30 1.20
8.00- 8.45- 9.30- 10.15- 12.00- 1.30- 2.15-
10.30-11.15 12.45-1.30
Time(I) 8.45 9.30 10.15 10.30(Break) 11.15-12.00 12.45 2.15 3.00
Day 1 2 BREAK 3 4 5 5 6 7 8
MON EE2403 EE6511(A1) EE6511(A1) EE6511(A1)
TUE EE2403 IC6501 EE6511(A2) EE6511(A2)
WED EE2403 VAP
THU IC6501 IC6501 EE2403 EE2403
FRI IC6501 EE2404 EE2404 EE2404

5
 IC6501 V SEM
Control Systems EEE A 4
IV SEM
EEE
EE6511 ControL and Instrumentation Laboratory A1,A2 6
VII
EE2403 sem 5
Special Electrical Machines EEE
VII
EE2404 Sem 3
Power System simulation Lab EEE B2
V sem
IC6501 1
Tutorial EEE B1
II EEE
VAP/Sem/Lib 1
C
Total 20

IC6501 CONTROL SYSTEMS LTPC

3104
OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the use of transfer function models for analysis physical systems and introduce the control system
components.
 To provide adequate knowledge in the time response of systems and steady state error analysis.
 To accord basic knowledge in obtaining the open loop and closed–loop frequency responses of systems.
 To introduce stability analysis and design of compensators
 To introduce state variable representation of physical systems and study the effect of state feedback
UNIT I SYSTEMS AND THEIR REPRESENTATION 9

6
Basic elements in control systems – Open and closed loop systems – Electrical analogy of mechanical and thermal
systems – Transfer function – Synchros – AC and DC servomotors – Block diagram reduction techniques – Signal flow
graphs.
UNIT II TIME RESPONSE 9
Time response – Time domain specifications – Types of test input – I and II order system response – Error coefficients –
Generalized error series – Steady state error – Root locus construction- Effects of P, PI, PID modes of feedback control –
Time response analysis.
UNIT III FREQUENCY RESPONSE 9
Frequency response – Bode plot – Polar plot – Determination of closed loop response from open loop response –
Correlation between frequency domain and time domain specifications- Effect of Lag, lead and lag-lead compensation on
frequency response- Analysis.
UNIT IV STABILITY AND COMPENSATOR DESIGN 9
Characteristics equation – Routh Hurwitz criterion – Nyquist stability criterion- Performance criteria – Lag, lead and lag-
lead networks – Lag/Lead compensator design using bode plots.
UNIT V STATE VARIABLE ANALYSIS 9
Concept of state variables – State models for linear and time invariant Systems – Solution of state and output equation in
controllable canonical form – Concepts of controllability and observability – Effect of state feedback.
TOTAL (L:45+T:15): 60 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
 Ability to understand and apply basic science, circuit theory, theory control theory Signal processing and apply
them to electrical engineering problems.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. M. Gopal, ‘Control Systems, Principles and Design’, 4th Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2012
2. S.K.Bhattacharya, Control System Engineering, 3rd Edition, Pearson, 2013.
3. Dhanesh. N. Manik, Control System, Cengage Learning, 2012.
REFERENCES:

7
 1. Arthur, G.O.Mutambara, Design and Analysis of Control; Systems, CRC Press, 2009.
2. Richard C. Dorf and Robert H. Bishop, “ Modern Control Systems”, Pearson Prentice Hall, 2012.
3. Benjamin C. Kuo, Automatic Control systems, 7th Edition, PHI, 2010.
4. K. Ogata, ‘Modern Control Engineering’, 5th edition, PHI, 2012.
5. S.N.Sivanandam, S.N.Deepa, Control System Engineering using Mat Lab, 2nd Edition, Vikas Publishing, 2012.
6. S.Palani, Anoop. K.Jairath, Automatic Control Systems including Mat Lab, Vijay Nicole/ Mcgraw Hill Education, 2013.

FORM NO. CF5

RAJALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Thandalam, Chennai – 602 105

LESSON PLAN

Faculty Name : Code : EE98

T.Mariammal

Subject Name : CONTROL SYSTEMS Code : IC6501

Year : III Semester : V

Degree & Branch : B.E. / E.E.E. Section : A

8
Aim:

To provide sound knowledge in the basic concepts of linear control theory and design of control systems.

Objectives:

i. To understand the methods of representation of systems and to desire their transfer function models.
ii To provide adequate knowledge in the time response of systems and steady state error analysis.
iii To accord basic knowledge in obtaining the open loop and closed–loop frequency responses of systems.
iv To understand the concept of stability of control system and methods of stability analysis.
v To study the three ways of designing compensation for a control system.

Planned Actual Mode

Sl. T/R Book
Period Period Unit Topic(s) Pages Of
No. Book No.
/ hr / hr Teaching

1 118/6/15 I Introduction to Control T 1 1-2 B&C

1
Systems

SYSTEMS AND THEIR B&C

REPRESENTATION 2-6
2 2 18/6/15,19/6/15 I Control System and their T 1 Chart
4-6
components, Classification
of Control Systems ,
Transfer function
Block Diagram B&C
Representation of control
3 I systems T 1 54-62 Chart
Rules for Block Diagram LCD
Reduction

9
 Planned Actual Mode
Sl. T/R Book
Period Period Unit Topic(s) Pages Of
No. Book No.
/ hr / hr Teaching
Tutorials - I Work
4 I T 1 72-90
sheet
Signal Flow Graph and B&C
Mason’s Gain Formula
5 I T 1 62-72 Chart
LCD
Tutorials - II Work
6 I T 1 72-90
sheet
Modeling of mechanical B&C
translational systems and
7 I T 1 21-34 Chart
their Transfer Function

Modeling of mechanical B&C

rotational systems and their
8 I T 1 21-34 Chart
Transfer Function

F-V and F-I analogy of B&C

mechanical systems
9 I T 1 35-36 Chart

10
 Planned Actual Mode
Sl. T/R Book
Period Period Unit Topic(s) Pages Of
No. Book No.
/ hr / hr Teaching
T-V and T-I analogy of B&C
mechanical systems
10 I T 1 35-36 Chart

Tutorials - IV Work
11 I T 1 72-90
sheet
I Tutorials - V Work
12 T 1 72-90
sheet
Electrical analogy of 36-42
Thermal systems (Assgn I)
Transfer Function of AC
and DC Servo Motors 135-
13 I ( Assgn I ) T 1
141
Synchros ( Assgn I )
148-
150

14 I Test I - - -

II TIME RESPONSE

11
 Planned Actual Mode
Sl. T/R Book
Period Period Unit Topic(s) Pages Of
No. Book No.
/ hr / hr Teaching
 Introduction
193-
 Laplace Transformation B&C
Technique – Review 194
15 II  Standard Test signals T 1 Chart
195-
 Concepts of poles, zeros,
order, type, 197
characteristic equation
197- B&C
Time response of first order
199 Chart
II systems T 1
16
Step response of second 199- OHP
order systems
204
B&C
Time Domain 204-
17 II T 1 Chart
Specifications 210
OHP

Work
Tutorials - I
261-
II T 1 sheet
18
267

Ramp and Impulse response 199-

19 II of second order systems T 1
204
(Assgn II )

12
 Planned Actual Mode
Sl. T/R Book
Period Period Unit Topic(s) Pages Of
No. Book No.
/ hr / hr Teaching
210- B&C
20 II Steady state error and static T 1
214
error coefficients
B&C
21 II Generalised Error Co- T 1 214
efficients
261- Work
22 II Tutorials - II T 1
267 sheet
B&C
Controllers
23 II T 1 215 Chart
OHP
P, PI modes of Feedback B&C
control 216-
24 II T 1 Chart
221
OHP
PID mode of Feedback B&C
control
25 II T 1 221 Chart
OHP
Root Locus Concept & 297- B&C
26 II T 1
Rules 320 OHP

13
 Planned Actual Mode
Sl. T/R Book
Period Period Unit Topic(s) Pages Of
No. Book No.
/ hr / hr Teaching
Root Locus – Problem 297- B&C
27 II Solving T 1
320 OHP
Tutorials - III 261- Work
28 II T 1
267 sheet

29 II Test II - - -
FREQUENCY
III RESPONSE

Introduction 345- B&C

30 III T 1
347
Bode Plot Concept & 355- B&C
31 III Construction T 1
374 OHP
Bode Plot – Problem 355- B&C
32 III Solving T 1
374 OHP
Tutorials - I 374- Work
33 III T 1
376 sheet
Polar plot Concept & 352- B&C
34 III Construction T 1
355 OHP

14
 Planned Actual Mode
Sl. T/R Book
Period Period Unit Topic(s) Pages Of
No. Book No.
/ hr / hr Teaching
Polar plot – Problem 352- B&C
35 III Solving T 1
355 OHP
Tutorials - II 374- Work
36 III T 1
376 sheet
Determination of closed 409- B&C
37 III loop response from open T 1
410 OHP
loop response
Correlation between
347-
III frequency domain and time T 1
38
domain specifications 352
(Assgn. III )
Effects of lag,lead
39 III compensation on frequency T 1
response analysis
Effects of lag-lead
40 III compensation on frequency
response analysis
41 III Test III - - -
STABILITY OF
IV CONTROL SYSTEM

Concepts of stability 269- B&C

42 IV T 1
278 OHP

15
 Planned Actual Mode
Sl. T/R Book
Period Period Unit Topic(s) Pages Of
No. Book No.
/ hr / hr Teaching
Routh Hurwitz criterion 278- B&C
43 IV T 1
291
Tutorials - I 293- Work
44 IV T 1
295 sheet
Effect of Pole, Zero 297- B&C
addition & Nyquist
320 OHP
IV Stability Criterion T 1
45
378-
409
Nyquist Stability Criterion - 378- B&C
46 IV T 1
Concepts 409
OHP
Nyquist stability Criterion. 378- B&C
47 IV T 1
– Problem Solving 409
OHP
Tutorials - II 420- Work
48 IV T 1
423 sheet
Performance Criteria. 425- B&C
49 IV T 1
427 OHP
Lag Network 437- B&C
50 IV T 1
439 OHP

16
 Planned Actual Mode
Sl. T/R Book
Period Period Unit Topic(s) Pages Of
No. Book No.
/ hr / hr Teaching
Lag Compensator design 466- B&C
51 IV using Bode Plot – Problem T 1
470 OHP
Solving
Lead Network 435- B&COHP
52 IV T 1
437
Lead Compensator design 460- B&C
53 IV using Bode Plot. – Problem T 1
466 OHP
Solving
Lag – Lead Network 439- B&C
54 IV T 1
440 OHP
Lag – Lead Compensator 470- B&C
55 IV design using Bode Plot - T 1
475 OHP
Problem Solving
Tutorials - III 506- Work
56 IV T 1
511 sheet
UNIT-V STATE
VARIABLE ANALYSIS
Concept of state variables B&C
57 V R 4

State models of linear time B&C

58 V invariant systems R 4

17
 Planned Actual Mode
Sl. T/R Book
Period Period Unit Topic(s) Pages Of
No. Book No.
/ hr / hr Teaching
Phase variable form B&C
59 V R 4

Canonical form B&C

60 V R 4

61 V Tutorial-I R 4 Worksheet
Solution of state and output B&C
62 V equation in controllable R 4
canonical form
Concepts of Controllability. B&C
63 V R 4

Concepts of Observability B&C

64 V R 4

V Tutorial -II R 4 Worksheet

Effect of state Feedback B&C
V R 4

V Tutorial -III R 4 Worksheet

Problems from University -
QP - - -
( Assgn.5)

18
 FORM NO. CF6

RAJALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Thandalam, Chennai-602107

LESSON PLAN

Faculty Name : T.Mariammal EE 98

Subject Name : CONTROL SYSTEMS Code : IC6501
Year : III Semester : 5
B.E. – ELECTRICAL AND
Degree & Branch :
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Objective:
OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the use of transfer function models for analysis physical systems and introduce the
control system components.
 To provide adequate knowledge in the time response of systems and steady state error analysis.
 To accord basic knowledge in obtaining the open loop and closed–loop frequency responses of
systems.
 To introduce stability analysis and design of compensators
 To introduce state variable representation of physical systems and study the effect of state
feedback

Text Book(s):
1. M. Gopal, ‘Control Systems, Principles and Design’, 4th Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi,
2012
2. S.K.Bhattacharya, Control System Engineering, 3rd Edition, Pearson, 2013.
3. Dhanesh. N. Manik, Control System, Cengage Learning, 2012.

19
REFERENCES
1. Arthur, G.O.Mutambara, Design and Analysis of Control; Systems, CRC Press, 2009.
2. Learning Structure:
Richard C. Dorf and Robert H. Bishop, “ Modern Control Systems”, Pearson Prentice Hall, 2012.
3. Benjamin C. Kuo, Automatic Control systems, 7th Edition, PHI, 2010.
4. K. Ogata, ‘Modern Control Engineering’, 5th edition, PHI, 2012.
5. S.N.Sivanandam, S.N.Deepa, Control System Engineering using Mat Lab, 2nd Edition, Vikas
Publishing, 2012. Introduction to system modeling
Application
6. S.Palani, Anoop. K.Jairath, Automatic Control Systems including Mat Lab, Vijay Nicole/ Mcgraw
Hill Education, 2013.

Signature of Faculty HOD/EEE

System differential equation, laplace transform, transfer function and
Procedure stability of the system
FORM NO. CF6

To have an adequate knowledge of comparison methods of

Principles Simulation in Matlab

Concept Elaborate discussion about System modelling.

20

Facts Exposure to various Controllers, servo motors

21
22
 FORM B NO CF7
STUDENTS NAME LIST

STUDENTS NAME LIST

S.
No Rollno Reg.No. Student Name
1 201305001 211613105001 AADALARASU B
2 201305002 211613105002 AAKASH K
3 201305003 211613105003 ABARAJITHAN T
4 201305004 211613105004 ABHAI BHARHADHWAJ S
5 201305005 211613105005 ABIRAMI RAMANATHAN
6 201305006 211613105006 AJAY M
7 201305007 211613105007 AKASH V S
8 201305009 211613105008 AKSHAYA G
9 201305010 211613105009 AKSHAYA R
10 201305011 211613105010 AMARESH S
11 201305012 211613105011 ANTONY ASHIK J
12 201305014 211613105013 ANUSHYA S
13 201305015 211613105014 ARAVINDHAN B. S
14 201305016 211613105015 ARAVINTHAKUMAR K S
15 201305017 211613105016 ARCHANA N
16 201305018 211613105023 ARUN RAVICHANDRAN B
17 201305019 211613105019 ARUN KUMAR M
18 201305020 211613105018 ARUN KUMAR A
19 201305022 211613105020 ARUN KUMAR S
20 201305023 211613105021 ARUN KUMAR V

23
21 201305024 211613105022 ARUN P MANUEL
22 201305025 211613105017 ARUNARTHIGA A
23 201305026 211613105024 ARVIND G
24 201305027 211613105025 ASATHULLAKHAN S. M.A
25 201305028 211613105026 ASHMITHAA SRE V
26 201305029 211613105027 ASWINKUMAR R
27 201305030 211613105028 AZHAHESWARAN S
28 201305031 211613105029 BANUPRIYA P
29 201305032 211613105030 BARATHWAJ R
30 201305033 211613105031 BHARATH J
31 201305034 211613105032 DEEPAK GS
32 201305035 211613105033 DEEPIKA M
33 201305036 211613105034 DEVENDRAN V
34 201305037 211613105035 DHAMOADARAN R
35 201305038 211613105036 DHARANI P K
36 201305039 211613105037 DIKSHIT RAJ D
37 201305040 211613105038 DINESH K S
38 201305041 211613105039 ELUMALAI A
39 201305042 211613105040 GOKUL S
40 201305043 211613105041 GOKULA KRISHNA M
41 201305044 211613105043 GOMATHI SHIRUSTI T
42 201305165 211613105327 TANFEEQAHMED L/E
GOWTHAM GANGADHARAN R
43 201305167 211613105307
L/E
44 201305168 211613105321 SELVAM K L/E
45 201305176 211613105312 MOHAN RAJ S N L/E
46 201305180 211613105313 MONESH S L/E
47 201305183 211613105329 VIJAY K L/E
48 201305186 211613105314 MUTHURAJA K L/E
49 201305189 211613105310 KARTHICK B L/E

24
 FORM NO. CF8

ASSIGNMENTS

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

Subject: CONTROL SYSTEMS Faculty Name: MrS.T.Mariammal

Subject Code: IC6501 Faculty Code: EE 98

Year / Semester / Section: II/IV/EEE A

Unit Books to be Date of Date of

Topics
No. Referred Announcement Submission
Synchros, Mathematical Control
modeling of Thermal Systems By
1 Systems Nagrath and
Gopal
Control
systems by
2
Nagrath and
Gopal
Control
Systems by
3
Nagrath and
Gopal

25
 FORM NO. CF9

REPORT ON FREQUENT ABSENTEES

Student Name Roll No. Register No.

Batch Semester Department

Total No. of days as on

No. of days attended as on
Percentage of attendance as on

Absent Dates

Intimation to students,
Reference & date
Intimation to parents,
Reference & date

Action taken

26
Reason for Absentism

Measures taken to prevent

absentism

UT QP FORM NO CF 10

Roll No.
RAJALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE, CHENNAI 602 105.
DEPARTMENT OF EEE
UNIT TEST - I DATE:

SUB CODE: IC 6501 MAXIMUM MARKS: 60

SUB NAME: CONTROL SYSTEM DURATION : 90 MINUTES

YEAR :III EEE A,B,C and D

UNIT-I
Answer All Questions
PART – A (9 X 2 = 18 Marks)

1. What are the basic components present in an automatic control system?

2. Compare open loop and closed loop control system.
3. Define transfer function.
4. Write are the analogous electrical elements using F-V analogy for the mechanical translational systems?

27
 5. Define thermal resistance.
6. Write Mason’s gain formula.
7. Write the advantages of signal flow graph over block diagram reduction technique.
8. Differentiate AC and DC servo motor
9. What is the function of synchro? Give any two applications.

Answer All Questions

PART – B (2 X 12 = 24 Marks)
Question No.10 is compulsory

10. Determine the transfer function of the mechanical system shown in figure below and also draw the force-voltage analogous
circuit and verify the same by using mesh equations.
( 12 )

a Derive the transfer function of armature controlled and field controlled DC servomotor
(12)

28
 OR

11. b Obtain the closed loop transfer function of the system whose block diagram is shown in Figure below.

(12)

UNIT-II
Answer All Questions
PART – A (3 X 2 = 6 Marks)

1 Define settling time

2 Distinguish between transient and steady state response.
3 List the standard test signals used in the analysis of control system.

Answer All Questions

PART – B (1 X 12 = 12 Marks)

29
4 a. Derive the expression for time response of under damped second order system (12)
OR
4 b. Define all the time domain specifications and derive the expression for rise time and peak time
(12)

MARK LIST FORM NO CF 11

UT 1 MARKS

S.No Roll No. Name Marks

1 201305001 AADALARASU B 0

2 201305002 AAKASH K 8

3 201305003 ABARAJITHAN T 59

4 201305004 ABHAI BHARHADHWAJ S 0

5 201305005 ABIRAMI RAMANATHAN 64

6 201305006 AJAY M 52

7 201305007 AKASH V S 81

8 201305009 AKSHAYA G A

9 201305010 AKSHAYA R 97

10 201305011 AMARESH S 60

30
11 201305012 ANTONY ASHIK J 94

12 201305014 ANUSHYA S 99

13 201305015 ARAVINDHAN B. S A

14 201305016 ARAVINTHAKUMAR K S 30

15 201305017 ARCHANA N 61

16 201305018 ARUN RAVICHANDRAN B 68

17 201305019 ARUN KUMAR M 88

18 201305020 ARUN KUMAR A 92

19 201305022 ARUN KUMAR S 83

20 201305023 ARUN KUMAR V 74

21 201305024 ARUN P MANUEL 50

22 201305025 ARUNARTHIGA A 100

23 201305026 ARVIND G 34

24 201305027 ASATHULLAKHAN S. M.A 43

25 201305028 ASHMITHAA SRE V 70

26 201305029 ASWINKUMAR R 75

27 201305030 AZHAHESWARAN S 84

31
28 201305031 BANUPRIYA P 70

29 201305032 BARATHWAJ R 27

30 201305033 BHARATH J 4

31 201305034 DEEPAK GS A

32 201305035 DEEPIKA M A

33 201305036 DEVENDRAN V 50

34 201305037 DHAMOADARAN R 86

35 201305038 DHARANI P K 59

36 201305039 DIKSHIT RAJ D 59

37 201305040 DINESH K S 42

38 201305041 ELUMALAI A 45

39 201305042 GOKUL S 76

40 201305043 GOKULA KRISHNA M 62

41 201305044 GOMATHI SHIRUSTI T A

42 201305165 Taufeeq Ahmed (L/E) 42

43 201305167 Gowtham Gangadharan R (L/E) 34

44 201305168 Selvam K (L/E) 23

32
 45 201305176 Mohan Raaj S N (L/E) 37

46 201305180 Monesh S (L/E) 4

47 201305183 Vijay K (L/E) A

48 201305186 Muthuraja K (L/E) A

49 201305189 Karthick B (L/E) 28

III year EEE A Unit Test 1

No of students present 42
No of students Absent 7
No of students passed 26
No of Failures 16

Pass Percentage % 61.9%

LIST OF FAILURES

S.No Roll No. Name Marks

1 201305001 AADALARASU B 0
2 201305002 AAKASH K 8
3 201305004 ABHAI BHARHADHWAJ S 0
4 201305016 ARAVINTHAKUMAR K S 30

33
 5 201305026 ARVIND G 34
6 201305027 ASATHULLAKHAN S. M.A 43
7 201305032 BARATHWAJ R 27
8 201305033 BHARATH J 4
9 201305040 DINESH K S 42
10 201305041 ELUMALAI A 45
11 201305165 Taufeeq Ahmed (L/E) 42
12 201305167 Gowtham Gangadharan R (L/E) 34
13 201305168 Selvam K (L/E) 23
14 201305176 Mohan Raaj S N (L/E) 37
15 201305180 Monesh S (L/E) 4
16 201305189 Karthick B (L/E) 28

RAJALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Rajalakshmi Nagar, Thandalam - 602 105

RESULT ANALYSIS - TEST - 1

Semester :V

Branch and Section : EEE-A

Subject Code and Subject Name : IC6501 - Control Systems

Staff Code and Name : EE98 - Mariammal T

Designation and Department : Assistant Professor (SG) / EEE-A

Date of Examination : 20-Nov-2015

Class Strength : 49

34
Number Absent :7

Number Present : 42

TEST PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

______________________________________________________________________
MARKS NUMBER %
______________________________________________________________________
ABSENT 07 14.29

0-10% 05 10.20

11-20% 00 00.00

21-30% 04 08.16

31-40% 03 06.12

41-50% 06 12.24

51-60% 05 10.20

61-70% 06 12.24

71-80% 03 06.12

81-90% 05 10.20

91-100% 05 10.20
______________________________________________________________________

35
Review of Test – 1

In unit test I twenty six students passed and sixteen students failed.

Action Taken

Retest was conducted those who score below fifty and assignments were collected from them.

Roll No.
RAJALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE, CHENNAI 602 105.
DEPARTMENT OF EEE SET A

36
 Date :
UNIT TEST - II
Max marks : 60
Sub Code: IC6501
Duration : 95 mins
Sub Name: Control Systems
Year : III EEE A,B,C & D
( Normal graph, Semi log graph and polar plot to be used)
UNIT-II
Answer All Questions
PART – A (6 X 2 = 12 Marks)

2.1 Mention the frequency domain specification parameters.

2.2 What are dominant poles?
2.3 Write the steady state error expression for step and velocity input.
2.4 Mention the significance of root locus technique.
2.5 Based on damping ratio classify the II order systems.
2.6 Write the relation between generalized error series and static error co-efficients.
PART – B (2 X 12 = 24 Marks)
Question No. 2.7 is compulsory
2.7 The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is given by
G(s) = K / [s (s+4) (s2+4s+20)]. Plot the root locus and find the value of K and
comment on stability of the system. (12)

2.8.a The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is given by
. Find the dynamic error co-efficients and ess(t) for
r(t)=t. (12)
OR
b Explain in detail the merits and demerits of PI and PD controllers. (12)

37
 UNIT-III
Answer All Questions
PART – A (6 X 2 = 12 Marks)

3.1 Define phase crossover frequency.

3.2 Draw the typical polar plot for the type I and order II system.
3.3 Mention the significance of bode plot.
3.4 Define Gain margin.
3.5 What is frequency response?
3.6 What is minimum phase system?

Answer All Questions

PART – B (1 X 12 = 12 Marks)
3.7.a For the following T.F , G(s) = 20 / [s (1+3s) (1+4s)] draw the Bode plot, obtain Gain
cross over frequency (wgc) , Phase cross over frequency(wpc) , Gain Margin and Phase
Margin. (12)
OR
b The open loop transfer function of unity feedback system is given by
G(s) = [(1+0.2s)(1+0.025s)] / [(s3(1+0.005s)(1+0.001s)]. Sketch the polar plot and find
the phase margin. (12)

UT 2 MARKS

S.No Roll No. Name Marks

1 201305001 AADALARASU B 3
2 201305002 AAKASH K 8

38
3 201305003 ABARAJITHAN T 32
4 201305004 ABHAI BHARHADHWAJ S 4
5 201305005 ABIRAMI RAMANATHAN 74
6 201305006 AJAY M 26
7 201305007 AKASH V S 23
8 201305009 AKSHAYA G 5
9 201305010 AKSHAYA R 71
10 201305011 AMARESH S A
11 201305012 ANTONY ASHIK J 61
12 201305014 ANUSHYA S 72
13 201305015 ARAVINDHAN B. S 32
14 201305016 ARAVINTHAKUMAR K S 52
15 201305017 ARCHANA N 53
16 201305018 ARUN RAVICHANDRAN B 46
17 201305019 ARUN KUMAR M 20
18 201305020 ARUN KUMAR A 50
19 201305022 ARUN KUMAR S 76
20 201305023 ARUN KUMAR V 50
21 201305024 ARUN P MANUEL 16
22 201305025 ARUNARTHIGA A 69

39
23 201305026 ARVIND G 0
24 201305027 ASATHULLAKHAN S. M.A 26
25 201305028 ASHMITHAA SRE V 13
26 201305029 ASWINKUMAR R 22
27 201305030 AZHAHESWARAN S 16
28 201305031 BANUPRIYA P 20
29 201305032 BARATHWAJ R 13
30 201305033 BHARATH J A
31 201305034 DEEPAK GS 2
32 201305035 DEEPIKA M 100
33 201305036 DEVENDRAN V 54
34 201305037 DHAMOADARAN R 37
35 201305038 DHARANI P K 52
36 201305039 DIKSHIT RAJ D 57
37 201305040 DINESH K S 39
38 201305041 ELUMALAI A 45
39 201305042 GOKUL S 35
40 201305043 GOKULA KRISHNA M 18
41 201305044 GOMATHI SHIRUSTI T 73
42 201305165 Taufeeq Ahmed (L/E) A

40
43 201305167 Gowtham Gangadharan R (L/E) 10
44 201305168 Selvam K (L/E) 4
45 201305176 Mohan Raaj S N (L/E) 4
46 201305180 Monesh S (L/E) 0
47 201305183 Vijay K (L/E) 2
48 201305186 Muthuraja K (L/E) 12
49 201305189 Karthick B (L/E) 7

III year EEE A Unit Test 2

No of students present 46
No of students Absent 3
No of students passed 15
No of Failures 31

Pass Percentage % 32.6%

RAJALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Rajalakshmi Nagar, Thandalam - 602 105

RESULT ANALYSIS - TEST - 2

Semester :V

Branch and Section : EEE-A

Subject Code and Subject Name : IC6501 - Control Systems

41
Staff Code and Name : EE98 - Mariammal T

Designation and Department : Assistant Professor (SG) / EEE-A

Date of Examination : 20-Nov-2015

Class Strength : 49

Number Absent :3

Number Present : 46

TEST PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

______________________________________________________________________
MARKS NUMBER %
______________________________________________________________________
ABSENT 03 06.12

0-10% 12 24.49

11-20% 08 16.33

21-30% 04 08.16

31-40% 05 10.20

41-50% 04 08.16

51-60% 05 10.20

61-70% 02 04.08

71-80% 05 10.20

81-90% 00 00.00

42
 91-100% 01 02.04
______________________________________________________________________

LIST OF FAILURES UT 2

S.No Roll No. Name Marks

1 201305001 AADALARASU B 3

2 201305002 AAKASH K 8

3 201305003 ABARAJITHAN T 32

4 201305004 ABHAI BHARHADHWAJ S 4

5 201305006 AJAY M 26

6 201305007 AKASH V S 23

7 201305009 AKSHAYA G 5

8 201305015 ARAVINDHAN B. S 32

9 201305018 ARUN RAVICHANDRAN B 46

10 201305019 ARUN KUMAR M 20

11 201305024 ARUN P MANUEL 16

12 201305026 ARVIND G 0

13 201305027 ASATHULLAKHAN S. M.A 26

14 201305028 ASHMITHAA SRE V 13

43
 15 201305029 ASWINKUMAR R 22

16 201305030 AZHAHESWARAN S 16

17 201305031 BANUPRIYA P 20

18 201305032 BARATHWAJ R 13

19 201305034 DEEPAK GS 2

20 201305037 DHAMOADARAN R 37

21 201305040 DINESH K S 39

22 201305041 ELUMALAI A 45

23 201305042 GOKUL S 35

24 201305043 GOKULA KRISHNA M 18

25 201305167 Gowtham Gangadharan R (L/E) 10

26 201305168 Selvam K (L/E) 4

27 201305176 Mohan Raaj S N (L/E) 4

28 201305180 Monesh S (L/E) 0

29 201305183 Vijay K (L/E) 2

30 201305186 Muthuraja K (L/E) 12

31 201305189 Karthick B (L/E) 7

Review of Test – 2

In unit test I fifteen students passed and thirty one students failed .

44
Action Taken

Retest was conducted those who score below fifty and the assignment was also collected. Students
showed improvement.

Roll No.

RAJALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE, CHENNAI 602 105.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

MODEL EXAMINATION DATE:
SUB CODE: IC6501 MAXIMUM MARKS: 40
SUB NAME: CONTROL SYSTEMS DURATION : 60 mins
SET A YEAR : III EEE A,B,C,D

Answer All Questions

PART A - (20 x 2 = 40 Marks)
1. What are the basic elements used for modeling mechanical rotational system? Write the torque balance equation for each
element.
2. Derive the rule for eliminating positive feedback loop.
3. What is a signal flow graph?
4. Define thermal capacitance.
5. What is the importance of test signals?
6. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is G(s) =20/s(s+10). Based on damping ratio, classify the closed
loop system and comment on the nature of response for unit step input.
7. What is root locus?
8. Give the relation between generalized and static error coefficients.

45
9. Define Gain margin.
10. The damping ratio and natural frequency of oscillation of a second order system is 0.5 and 8 rad/sec respectively. Calculate
the resonant peak and resonant frequency.
11. What do you mean by type and order of the system?
12. What is Bode plot?
13. What is the transfer function of lead compensator?
14. State nyquist stability criterion.
15. Give the advantages and disadvantages of phase variable form.
16. In routh array what conclusion you can make when there is a row of all zeros?
17. What is the need for compensation?
18. When a system is said to be completely observable?
19. What is state?
20. What are the various types of system realization?

Roll No.
RAJALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE, CHENNAI 602 105.
DEPARTMENT OF EEE
MODEL EXAM DATE:

SUB CODE: IC6501 MAXIMUM MARKS: 80

SUB NAME:CONTROL SYSTEMS DURATION : 2.30 Hrs

SET A YEAR :III EEE A/B/C/D

(Semilog Graph Sheets / Polar Graph/ Graph sheets may be provided on demand)

46
 PART – B [5*16= 80 Marks]

1.a) Write the differential equations governing the Mechanical system shown in fig .
and determine the transfer function.

(16)
(OR)

1.b) Determine the transfer function X5(S)/ X1(S) for the signal flow graph shown in

(16)

47
 2.a) Sketch the root locus for the open loop transfer function of unity feedback
system given by

(16)

(OR)

2.b) A unity feedback control system has an open loop transfer function of
G(S)=10/S(S+2). Find the rise time, percentage overshoot, peak time and settling
time for a step input of 12 units. (16)

3.a) Determine the phase margin and gain margin for the system with open loop transfer
function G(s) = 20 / S(1+3s) (1+4s) under unity negative feedback using bode plot.
(16)
(OR)
3.b) i) Determine the phase margin and gain margin for the system with open loop
transfer function G(s) = 1 / S2 (S+1) (2S+1) under unity negative feedback using
polar plot. (10)
b) ii) Explain the effects of lag compensator. (6)

4.a) Sketch the Nyquist plot for a system with the open loop transfer function
G(s) H(s) = [K / [s(s+2) (s +10)]. Determine the range of K for which the system is
stable. (16)
(OR)
b) i) The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is given by
G(S)=K/S(S+2)(S+4)(S2+6S+25).By applying Routh Criterion, Discuss the
stability of the closed loop system as a function of K which will cause sustained
oscillations in the closed loop system.What are the corresponding oscillating

48
 frequencies? (8)
b) ii) Explain the procedure for the design of lead compensator using Bode Plot.(8)

5.a) Obtain the state space representation of these systems using Controllable canonical
form.
i) 2 /S3 + 2S2+4S+8.
ii) 10(S+4) /S(S+1)(S+3). (16)

(OR)
5.b) A control system is described by the differential equation
d 3 y/dt 3 = u(t)
Where y(t) is the observed output and u(t) is the input. Describe the system in state variable form and obtain the controllability
and observability. (16)

Model Exam Marks

S.No Roll No. Name Marks

1 201305001 AADALARASU B A

2 201305002 AAKASH K 26

3 201305003 ABARAJITHAN T 84

4 201305004 ABHAI BHARHADHWAJ S 15

5 201305005 ABIRAMI RAMANATHAN 81

6 201305006 AJAY M 66

7 201305007 AKASH V S 82

49
8 201305009 AKSHAYA G 56

9 201305010 AKSHAYA R 99

10 201305011 AMARESH S 77

11 201305012 ANTONY ASHIK J 86

12 201305014 ANUSHYA S 79

13 201305015 ARAVINDHAN B. S 82

14 201305016 ARAVINTHAKUMAR K S 71

15 201305017 ARCHANA N 89

16 201305018 ARUN RAVICHANDRAN B 70

17 201305019 ARUN KUMAR M 59

18 201305020 ARUN KUMAR A 87

19 201305022 ARUN KUMAR S A

20 201305023 ARUN KUMAR V 80

21 201305024 ARUN P MANUEL 41

22 201305025 ARUNARTHIGA A 100

50
23 201305026 ARVIND G 27

24 201305027 ASATHULLAKHAN S. M.A 67

25 201305028 ASHMITHAA SRE V 81

26 201305029 ASWINKUMAR R 99

27 201305030 AZHAHESWARAN S 97

28 201305031 BANUPRIYA P 66

29 201305032 BARATHWAJ R 62

30 201305033 BHARATH J 38

31 201305034 DEEPAK GS 19

32 201305035 DEEPIKA M 100

33 201305036 DEVENDRAN V 91

34 201305037 DHAMOADARAN R 88

35 201305038 DHARANI P K 94

36 201305039 DIKSHIT RAJ D 78

37 201305040 DINESH K S 43

51
38 201305041 ELUMALAI A 91

39 201305042 GOKUL S 66

40 201305043 GOKULA KRISHNA M 70

41 201305044 GOMATHI SHIRUSTI T 99

42 201305165 Taufeeq Ahmed (L/E) 52

43 201305167 Gowtham Gangadharan R (L/E) 63

44 201305168 Selvam K (L/E) 45

45 201305176 Mohan Raaj S N (L/E) 40

46 201305180 Monesh S (L/E) 50

47 201305183 Vijay K (L/E) 28

48 201305186 Muthuraja K (L/E) 39

49 201305189 Karthick B (L/E) 62

III year EEE A Unit Test 3

No of students present 47
No of students Absent 2

52
 No of students passed 35
No of Failures 12

Pass Percentage % 76.6%

Failures of Model Exam

S.No Roll No. Name Marks

1 201305001 AADALARASU B A
2 201305002 AAKASH K 26
3 201305004 ABHAI BHARHADHWAJ S 15
4 201305024 ARUN P MANUEL 41
5 201305026 ARVIND G 27
6 201305033 BHARATH J 38
7 201305034 DEEPAK GS 19
8 201305040 DINESH K S 43
9 201305168 Selvam K (L/E) 45
10 201305176 Mohan Raaj S N (L/E) 40
11 201305183 Vijay K (L/E) 28
12 201305186 Muthuraja K (L/E) 39

RAJALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Rajalakshmi Nagar, Thandalam - 602 105

RESULT ANALYSIS - MODEL EXAM - 1

Semester :V

Branch and Section : EEE-A

53
Subject Code and Subject Name : IC6501 - Control Systems

Staff Code and Name : EE98 - Mariammal T

Designation and Department : Assistant Professor (SG) / EEE-A

Date of Examination : 20-Nov-2015

Class Strength : 49

Number Absent :2

Number Present : 47

EXAM PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

______________________________________________________________________
MARKS NUMBER %
______________________________________________________________________
ABSENT 02 04.08

0-10% 00 00.00

11-20% 02 04.08

21-30% 03 06.12

31-40% 03 06.12

41-50% 04 08.16

51-60% 03 06.12

61-70% 09 18.37

71-80% 05 10.20

54
 81-90% 09 18.37

91-100% 09 18.37
______________________________________________________________________

TAKEN ON SLOW LEARNERS

MODEL EXAM

Action taken
Class test was conducted for the students and assignments were given .

Outcome of action taken

Retest was conducted and the students showed improvement.
55
 FORM NO :CF 14

UNIVERSITY QP / QB
QUESTION BANK

Subject Name : CONTROL SYSTEMS Code : EE2253

Year : II Semester : IV

Degree & Branch : B.E. & E.E.E. Section : ‘A’

PART A

1. What is control system?

A system consists of a number of components connected together to perform a specific function. In a system when the output quantity is controlled by
varying the input quantity then the system is called control system.
2. What are the two major types of control system?
The two major types of control system are open loop and closed loop
3. Define open loop control system.
The control system in which the output quantity has no effect upon the input quantity is called open loop control system. This means that the output is not
feedback to the input for correction.
4. Define closed loop control system.
The control system in which the output has an effect upon the input quantity so as to maintain the desired output value is called closed loop control system.

56
5. What are the components of feedback control system?
The components of feedback control system are plant, feedback path elements, error detector and controller.

6. Distinguish between open loop and closed loop system

Open loop system Closed loop system

1. Inaccurate Accurate
2. Simple and economical Complex and costlier
3. The changes in output due to The changes in output due to external
external disturbance are not disturbances are corrected
corrected automatically
4. They are generally stable Great efforts are needed to design a
stable system

7. Why negative feedback is invariably preferred in closed loop system?

The negative feedback results in better stability in steady state and rejects any disturbance signals.
8. Define transfer function.
The transfer function of a system is defined as the ratio of the Laplace transform of output to Laplace transform of input with zero initial conditions.
9. What are the basic elements used for modeling mechanical translational system.
Mass, spring and dashpot.
10. What are the basic elements used for modeling mechanical rotational system?
Moment of inertia J, dashpot with rotational frictional coefficient B and torsional spring with stiffness K.
11. Write the force balance equation of an ideal mass element.
F = M d2x/dt2
12. Write the force balance equation of ideal dashpot element.
F = B dx/dt
13. Write the force balance equation of ideal spring element.

57
 F = kx
14. Name two types of electrical analogous for mechanical system.
The two types of analogies for the mechanical system are Force voltage and force current analogy.
15. Write the analogous electrical elements in force voltage analogy for the elements of mechanical translational system.
a. Force-voltage e
b. Velocity v-current i
c. Displacement x-charge q
d. Frictional coefficient B-Resistance R
e. Mass M- Inductance L
f. Stiffness K-Inverse of capacitance 1/C
16. Write the analogous electrical elements in force current analogy for the elements of mechanical translational system.
a. Force-current i
b. Velocity v-voltage v
c. Displacement x-flux φ
d. Frictional coefficient B-conductance 1/R
e. Mass M- capacitance C
f. Stiffness K-Inverse of inductance 1/L

17. What is block diagram?

A block diagram of a system is a pictorial representation of the functions performed by each component of the system and shows the flow of signals. The
basic elements of block diagram are block, branch point and summing point.
18. What is the basis for framing the rules of block diagram reduction technique?

58
 The rules for block diagram reduction technique are framed such that any modification made on the diagram does not alter the input output relation.
19. What is a signal flow graph?
A signal flow graph is a diagram that represents a set of simultaneous algebraic equations. By taking L. T the time domain differential equations governing a
control system can be transferred to a set of algebraic equations in s-domain.
20. What is transmittance?
The transmittance is the gain acquired by the signal when it travels from one node to another node in signal flow graph.
21. What is sink and source?
Source is the input node in the signal for graph and it has only outgoing branches. Sink is an output node in the signal flow graph and it has only incoming
branches.
22. Define non touching loop.
The loops are said to be no touching if they do not have common nodes.
23. Write Masons Gain formula.
Masons Gain formula states that the overall gain of the system is

T= 1 Σ
Pk Δk
Δ k
k- Forward path in the signal flow graph
Pk- Forward path gain of kth forward path
Δ = 1-[sum of individual loop gains ] +[sum of gain products of all possible combinations of two non touching loops]-[sum of gain products of all possible
combinations of three non touching loops]+…
Δk = Δ for that part of the graph which is not touching kth forward path.
24. What is servomechanism?
The servomechanism is a feedback control system, in which the output is mechanical position (or time derivatives of position velocity and acceleration).
25. What is stepper motor?
A stepper motor is a device which transforms electrical pulses into equal increments of rotary shaft motion called steps.
26. What is servomotor?

59
 The motors used in automatic control systems or in servomechanism are called servomotors. They are used to convert electrical signal into angular motion.
27. What is synchro?
A synchro is a device used to convert an angular motion to an electrical signal or vice versa.
28. Name the test signals used in control system
The commonly used test input signals in control system are impulse, step, ramp, acceleration and sinusoidal signals.
29. What is step signal?
The step signal is a signal whose value changes from zero to A at t= 0 and remains constant at A for t>0.
30. What is ramp signal?
The ramp signal is a signal whose value increases linearly with time from an initial value of zero at t=0. The ramp signal resembles a constant velocity.
31. What is a parabolic signal?
The parabolic signal is a signal whose value varies as a square of time from an initial value of zero at t=0. This parabolic signal represents constant
acceleration input to the signal.
32. What is transient response?
The transient response is the response of the system when the system changes from one state to another.
33. What is steady state response?
The steady state response is the response of the system when it approaches infinity.
34. What is an order and type number of a system?
The order of a system is the order of the differential equation governing the system. The order of the system can be obtained from the transfer function of the
given system.
The type number is the number of poles at the origin.
35. Define damping ratio.
Damping ratio is defined as the ratio of actual damping to critical damping.
36. List the time domain specifications.
The time domain specifications are
i. Delay time

60
 ii. Rise time
iii. Peak time
iv. Peak overshoot
37. Define delay time.
The time taken for response to reach 50% of final value for the very first time is delay time.
38. Define rise time.
The time taken for response to rise from 0% to 100% for the very first time is rise time.
39. Define peak time.
The time taken for the response to reach the peak value for the first time is peak time.
40. Define peak overshoot.
Peak overshoot is defined as the ratio of maximum peak value measured from the Maxmium value to final value.
41. Define settling time.
Settling time is defined as the time taken by the response to reach and stay within specified error.
42. What is the need for a controller?
The controller is provided to modify the error signal for better control action.
43. What are the different types of controllers?
a. Proportional controller
b. PI controller
c. PD controller
d. PID controller
44. What is proportional controller?
It is a device that produces a control signal which is proportional to the input error signal.
45. What is PI controller?
It is a device that produces a control signal consisting of two terms –one proportional to error signal and the other proportional to the integral of error signal.

61
46. What is PD controller?
PD controller is a proportional plus derivative controller which produces an output signal consisting of two times -one proportional to error signal and other
proportional to the derivative of the signal.
47. What is the significance of integral controller and derivative controller in a PID controller?
The proportional controller stabilizes the gain but produces a steady state error. The integral control reduces or eliminates the steady state error.
48. Why derivative controller is not used in control systems.
The derivative controller produces a control action based on the rate of change of error signal and it does not produce corrective measures for any constant
error.
49. What is the disadvantage in proportional controller?
The disadvantage in proportional controller is that it produces a constant steady state error.
50. What is the effect of PD controller on system performance?
The effect of PD controller is to increase the damping ratio of the system and so the peak overshoot is reduced.
51. Why derivative controller is not used in control system?
The derivative controller produces a control action based on rare of change of error signal and it does not produce corrective measures for any constant error.
Hence derivative controller is not used in control system
52. What is the effect of PI controller on the system performance?
The PI controller increases the order of the system by one, which results in reducing the steady state error. But the system becomes less stable than the
original system.
53. What is steady state error?
The steady state error is the value of error signal e (t) when t tends to infinity.
54. What are static error constants?
The Kp, Kv, and Ka are called static error constants.
55. What is the drawback of static coefficients?
The main drawback of static coefficient is that it does not show the variation of error with time and input should be standard input.

56. What are the three constants associated with a steady state error?

62
 Positional error constant
Velocity error constant
Acceleration error constant
57. What are the main advantages of generalized error co-efficient?
Steady state is function of time.
Steady state can be determined from any type of input
58. What is frequency response?
The response of the system at the steady state when the input to the system is a sinusoidal signal is called as the frequency response.
50. List out the different frequency domain specifications?
The frequency domain specifications are
i) Resonant peak. ii) Resonant frequency.
51. Define –resonant peak (r)?
The maximum value of the magnitude of closed loop transfer function is called resonant peak.
52. Define resonant frequency (fr)?
The frequency at which resonant peak occurs is called resonant frequency.
53. What is bandwidth?
The bandwidth is the range of frequencies for which the system gain Is more than 3 dB. The bandwidth is a measure of the ability of a feedback system to
reproduce the input signal-noise rejection characteristics and rise time.
54. Define cut-off rate?
The slope of the log-magnitude curve near the cut-off is called cut-off rate. The cut-off rate indicates the ability to distinguish the signal from noise.
55. Define gain margin?
The gain margin, kg is defined as the reciprocal of the magnitude of the open loop transfer function at phase cross over frequency.
Gain margin kg = 1 /  G(jpc) .
56. Define phase cross over.

63
 The frequency at which, the phase of open loop transfer function crosses -180° is called phase cross over frequency pc.
57. What is phase margin?
The phase margin is the amount of phase lag at the gain cross over frequency required to bring system to the verge of instability.
58. Define gain cross over.
The gain cross over frequency  gc is the frequency at which the magnitude of the open loop transfer function is unity.
59. What is Bode plot?
The Bode plot is the frequency response plot of the transfer function of a system. A Bode plot consists of two graphs. One is the plot of magnitude of
sinusoidal transfer function versus log . The other is a plot of the phase angle of a sinusoidal function versus log.
60. What are the main advantages of Bode plot?
The main advantages are:
a. Multiplication of magnitude can be in to addition.
b. A simple method for sketching an approximate log curve is available.
c. It is based on asymptotic approximation. Such approximation is sufficient if rough information on the frequency response characteristic is needed.
d. The phase angle curves can be easily drawn if a template for the phase angle curve of 1+ j is available.
61. Define corner frequency?
The frequency at which the two asymptotic meet in a magnitude plot is called corner frequency.
62. Define phase lag and phase lead.
A negative phase angle is called phase lag.
A positive phase angle is called phase lead.
63. What are M circles?
The magnitude of closed loop transfer function with unit feed back can be shown to be for every value if M. These circles are called M circles.
64. What are N circles?
If the phase of closed loop transfer function with unity feedback is α, then tan α will be in the form of circles for every value of α; these circles are called N
circles.

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65. What is Nichols chart?
The chart consisting if M & N loci in the log magnitude versus phase Diagram is called Nichols chart.
66. What are two contours of Nichols chart?
Nichols chart of M and N contours, superimposed on ordinary graph. The M contours are the magnitude of closed loop system in decibels and the N
contours are the phase angle locus of closed loop system.
67. How the resonant peak (Mr), resonant frequency (wr), and band width are determined from Nichols chart?
The resonant peak is given by the value of . Contour which is tangent to G (j) locus.
The resonant frequency is given by the frequency of G(j ) at the tangent point.
The bandwidth is given by frequency corresponding to the intersection point of G(j ) and –3dB M-contour.
68. What are the advantages of Nichols chart?
The advantages are:
a. It is used to find the closed loop frequency response from open loop frequency response.
b. Frequency domain specifications can be determined from Nichols chart.
c. The gain of the system can be adjusted to satisfy the given specification.
69. What is Nyquist contour?
The contour that encloses entire right half of S plane is called Nyquist contour.
70. State Nyquist stability criterion.
If the Nyquist plot of the open loop transfer function G(s) corresponding to the Nyquist contour in the S-plane encircles the critical point –1+j0 in the counter
clockwise direction as many times as the number of right half S-plane poles of G(s), the closed loop system is stable.
71. What are the two segments of Nyquist contour?
a. A finite line segment C1 along the imaginary axis.
b. An arc C2 of infinite radius.
72. What are the effects of adding a zero to a system?
Adding a zero to a system results in pronounced early peak to system response thereby the peak overshoot increases appreciably.

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73. State magnitude criterion.
The magnitude criterion states that s=sa will be a point on root locus if for that value of s, | D(s) | = |G(s)H(s) | =1
74. State angle criterion.
The Angle criterion states that s=sa will be a point on root locus for that value of s,, ∟D(s) = ∟G(s)H(s) =odd multiple of 180°
75. Define BIBO stability.
A linear relaxed system is said to have BIBIO stability if every bounded input results in a bounded output.
76. What is the necessary condition for stability?
The necessary condition for stability is that all the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial be positive.
77. What is the necessary and sufficient condition for stability?
The necessary and sufficient condition for stability is that all of the elements in the first column of the Routh array should be positive.
78. What is quadrant symmetry?
The symmetry of roots with respect to both real and imaginary axis called quadrant symmetry.
79. What is limitedly stable system?
For a bounded input signal if the output has constant amplitude oscillations. Then the system may be stable or unstable under some limited constraints such a
system is called limitedly stable system.
80. Define relative stability
Relative stability is the degree of closeness of the system, it and indication of strength or degree of stability.
81. What are root loci?
The path taken by the roots of the open loop transfer function when the loop gain is varied from 0 to α are called root loci.
82. What is a dominant pole?
The poles lying close / on the imaginary axis are dominant poles.
83. What are the main significances of root locus?
a. The main root locus technique is used for stability analysis.
b. Using root locus technique the range of values of K, for as table system can be determined

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84. What are the two types of compensation?
a. Cascade or series compensation
b. Feedback compensation or parallel compensation
85. What are the three types of compensators?
a. Lag compensator
b. Lead compensator
c. Lag-Lead compensator
86. What are the uses of lead compensator?
a. Speeds up the transient response
b. Increases the margin of stability of a system
c. Increases the system error constant to a limited extent.
87. What is the use of lag compensator?
Improve the steady state behavior of a system, while nearly preserving its transient response.
88. When is lag lead compensator required?
The lag lead compensator is required when both the transient and steady state response of a system has to be improved.
89. What is a compensator?
A device inserted into the system for the purpose of satisfying the specifications is called as a compensator.

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Part B

1. Determine the transfer function X1(S) / F(S) and X2(S) / F(S) of the mechanical system shown in figure.

2. Write the governing differential equations of the mechanical system shown in figure.

3. Write the governing differential equations of the mechanical system shown in figure.

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4. Write the governing differential equations of the mechanical system shown in figure.

5. Obtain the closed loop transfer function C(S) / R(S) of the system whose block diagram is shown in figure. Use Block diagram reduction technique and
verify the transfer function with signal flow graph technique.

6. Derive the transfer function of

i. Armature controlled d.c. motor
ii.Field control d.c. motor with necessary block diagram

7. Explain the rules for block diagram reduction.

8. Determine the transfer function of the system shown in the following figure.

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9. Measurements are conducted on a servomechanism show the system response to be C(t) = 1 + 0.2 e - 60t – 1.2 e- 10t when
subjected to unit step input.
i. Obtain the expression for the closed loop transfer function.
ii. Determine the undamped natural frequency and damping ratio of the system.

10. Obtain the unit impulse response and unit step response of a unity feedback system whose open loop transfer function is G(s) = (2 s + 1) / s 2.

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11. Determine the damping factor and natural frequency of the system when K 0 = 0. What is the steady state error resulting from unit ramp input? Determine the
derivative feedback constant K0 which will increase the damping factor of the system to 0.6. What is the steady state error to unit ramp input with this

setting?

12. Derive an expression for the time response of an under damped II order system subjected to unit step input. Plot the response and mark the time domain
specifications in it. Define rise time, peak time, peak overshoot and settling time.

13. Enumerate the advantages of generalized error co-efficients and determine the generalized error co-efficients and steady state error
for a system whose open loop transfer function is G(s) = 1 / (s (s + 1) (s + 10)) and the feedback transfer function is H(s) = (s
+ 2) with input r(t) = 6 + t + t2.

14. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is given by G(s) = 20 / (s2 + 5s + 6). Determine the damping ratio, maximum overshoot, rise time
and peak time. Derive the used formula.

15. Determine the time response specifications and expression for output of the system described by he differential equation d 2y / dt2 + 5 dy / dt +16 y =19x for
unit step input ( y – output and x-input).

16. A unity feedback heat treatment system has G(s) = 10000 / [(1 + s) (1+ 0.5 s) (1+ 0.02 s)].The output set point is 500 0C.What is the steady state
temperature?

17. A unity feedback system is characterized by the open loop transfer function G(s) = 1 / (s (1 + 0.5 s) (1 + 0.2s)).
Determine the steady state errors for unit step, unit ramp, and unit acceleration inputs.

18. Derive the unit step, ramp and impulse response of a first order system and draw the curves.

19. Evaluate the static error co-efficients for a unity feedback system having a forward path transfer function G(s) = 50 / (s (s + 10)).

20. For the system shown in fig. What is the steady state error for unit step input?

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21. A second order mechanical system is represented y the transfer function θ(s) / I((s) = 1 / Js 2 + fs + k. A step input of 10 N-m is applied to the system.

22. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is given by G(s) = 10 (s + 3) / (s (s + 2) (s 2 + 4s + 100)). Draw
the Bode plot and hence find the gain margin and phase margin.

23. Draw the Bode plot for the function G(s) = K s2 / [(1 + 0.2 s) (1 + 0.02s)]. Determine the value of K for a gain cross over frequency of 20 rad/sec.

24. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is G(s) = 100 (1 + 0.2 s) / s (1+0.1 s). Draw the Bode plot and hence find the gain margin and
phase margin.

25. Draw the Bode plot of the system whose open loop transfer function is G(s) H(s) = K / (s (1 + s) (1 + 0.1 s) (1 + 0.02
s)). Determine the value of K for the gain margin of 10 dB.

26. Sketch the Bode plot for a unity feedback system characterised by G(s) H(s) = ( K (1 + 0.2 s) ( 1 + 0.025 s)) / (s 2
( 1 + 0.01 s) ( 1 + 0.005 s)).

27. Sketch the root locus for the open loop transfer function of unity feedback system is given by .

28. Determine the range of K for stability of unity feedback system whose open loop transfer function is .

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29. Sketch the root locus for the open loop transfer function of unity feedback system given by .

30. Construct the root locus for a system with G(s) = [K (s + 9)] / [s (s 2 + 4s + 11)] and H(s) = 1. Locate the closed loop poles so that the dominant closed loop
poles have a damping ratio of 0.5. Determine the corresponding value of gain K.

31. Sketch the Nyquist plot for a feedback system with the open loop transfer function G(s) H(s) = [K (s + 3) (s + 5)] / [(s - 2) (s -
4)]. Determine the range of K for which the system is stable.

32. Design a phase lead compensator for a system with open loop transfer function G(s) H(s) = K / (s (s + 2)) so that the velocity error constant is 20 sec -1,
phase margin is at least 500 and gain margin is at least 10 dB.

33. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is given by G(s) = K / [(s + 2) (s + 4) (s 2 + 6s + 25)].
By applying Routh criterion, discuss the stability of the closed loop system as a function of K. Determine K which will cause sustained oscillations in
the system. What are the corresponding oscillation frequencies?

34. Construct the root locus for the function G(s) H(s) = [K (s + 2)] / (s + 2)2 and discuss about the stability of the system.

35. Sketch the Nyquist plot for a system with the open loop transfer function G(s) H(s) = [K (1 + 0.4 s) (s + 1)] / [(1 + 8s)
(s - 1)]. Determine the range of K for which the system is stable.

36. Design a phase lag compensator so that the system G(s) H(s) = 100 / [s (s + 1)] will have phase margin of 15 0.

37. For a system with characteristic equation s4 + 22 s3 + 10 s2 + s + K = 0, discuss on the stability of the system as a function of K. Obtain the marginal value of
K for stability, and the frequency of oscillations at that value of K.

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