Learning with Technology: Effects on having Laptop/PC to

Programming Student's Performance Skills

In Partial Fulfillment of the requirements for Research 1

March 2020
 CHAPTER 1

RATIONALE

I. INTRODUCTION

Technology defined as the use of science in industry, engineering, etc.,

to invent useful things or to solve problems (Merriam Webster) emerge during the start

of 20th Century. This creates machines design for industries, vaccines on the medical

field, internet, and devices such as computers and mobile phones resulting to a

productive and an advanced world. We heavily rely on these tools for us to enhance

and improve our lifestyle. In addition, technology plays signifant role in sharpening and

developing the ways we live and interact with other. Our life has immensely changed

and became faster, dynamic and more comfortable compared before. Technology are

popular in all institution esp. in school and has been the subject of numerous studies

worldwide.

Student's grades are calculated based on their written performance, performance

task and periodical test. Under performance task alongside with project are the

demonstration of their ability to integrate and use knowledge, skills and work habits in a

meaningful activity. "These tasks show how a student uses language in a real-life

situation, rather than just providing information on student's theoretical knowledge". This

has been one of the greater percentage in calculating students grade receiving almost

60% on ICT - Programming. “Performance assessment is the direct, systematic

observation of an actual pupil performance and rating of that performance according to

pre-established performance criteria. Students are asked to perform a complex task or

create a product.” (The North Central Regional Educational Laboratory, 2001). The
performance task of a programming students demonstrate its ability on performance

skills. Task of a particular programming students greatly affects his/her overall mark for

the whole school year. It is necessary as needed to understand the importance of this

as part of student's grade.

In relation with, technology have been widely used not only for workers, but also

students. Students usually own smartphones but rarely on laptop and PC. Programmers

greatly needed this devices for most of its application and tools can only be provided

and can operate in this kind of technology. Programming student's having this devices

are more advance for they can search and practice anytime but in contrast have easy

access on the addicting online games and social media. While, programming students

not having this resources may cost money to go internet cafe, only have limited time in

learning or studying specific discussion, practice rarely and are not updated with latest

programming hacks that may result on low skills in performance.

The prior objective of this study is to see the effects on performance skills of

programming student's who have Laptop or Personal Computer and having a Laptop or

PC as a factor affecting performance skills on programming students. Also, to raise

awareness that technology nowadays are not wants anymore but is needed as the

world is evolving. People often neglect the benefits of having this resources not

minding that it could possibly lead to low performance skills on students. Practically this

could affects the future of the students having low performance skills as most work field

requires experience and skills rather than the knowledge of a particular subject.

Moreover, this study also aims to imply that Laptop and PC may create negative

impacts on students if not used correctly.

 II. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Every programming student's goal is to obtain high grades or marks and would

not be possible if one's performance skills is poor. One factor affects this issue on

programming students could be the lack of resources specifically Laptop or Personal

Computer. Most of them would suffer difficulty just to finish a specific task for they only

have limited access to this kind of materials. On the other hand, owning such may

affects the student's performance skills either positively or negatively. If used incorrectly

could lead also, to a poor performance skills.

III. OBJECTIVE

This study aims to determine the effects on performance skills of

programming students who have access on Laptop or Personal Computer.

Furthermore, we also, are interested in obtaining answers of the following:

1. Factors that affects programming students performance skills with or without

Laptop/PC

1.1 Finish Task on time

1.2 creativeness in works

1.3 organization of codes

1.4 clean presentation of codes

1.5 precise coding

 1.6 resourcefulness in using codes

2. What are the advantage and disadvantage of having a Personal Computer or

Laptop related to programming?

IV. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The result of this study is beneficial to the following:

Voctech Senior High School, as an institution aiming to "develop

environmentally and technologically adaptive leaders" to supply necessary actions to

help students especially who's performance skills is poor.

Teachers, would recognize having a personal Computer or Laptop as one of the

factors causing low performance skills on some students and to understand their

respective situation.

Students having this resources will be aware on the proper used and

importance of having this resources and would used them properly and accordingly.

Student's without this resources may consider purchasing or to start owning

this for it helps their studies and could improve performance skills. Moreover, they

would perceive a rightful and cautious mind in utilizing this resources on the time they

have this.

Parents, to realize the significance of having a Laptop or PC and concede by

providing their children this means and assisting them by guiding on how to use it

efficiently and properly.

 Future Researchers, to use this as a guide for future research and widen the

range of this research is a good recommendation.

Researchers, will be able to have a broad knowledge regarding this topic and

could help their community in terms of raising awareness about this matter.

V. SCOPE AND LIMITATION

This researchers conducted this study at Voctech Senior High School, Basak

San Nicolas with Grade 12 Senior High, ICT - Programming students as the

respondents. This works mainly focuses on the effects of having Personal

Computer/Laptop to student's performance skills.

VI. DEFINITION OF TERMS

Laptop - a portable microcomputer having its main components ( such as

Processor, keyboard,and display screen) integrated into a single unit

capable of battery-powered operation.

Performance Skills - are observable elements of actions that have an implicit

functional purpose; skills are considered a classification of actions,

encompassing multiple capacities (body functions and body structures) and,

when combined, underlie the ability to participate in desired occupations and

activities.

Performance Task - any learning activity or assessment that asks students to perform

to demonstrate their knowledge, understanding and proficiency. Performance

tasks yield a tangible product and/or performance that serve as evidence of

learning.
Personal Computer / PC - a general purpose computer equipped with a

microprocessor and designed to run especially commercial software

(such as a word processor or Internet browser) for an individual user.

Technology - the use of science in industry, engineering, etc., to invent useful things or

to solve problems. A it is a machines, piece of equipment, method, etc., that is

created by technology.
 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This sections presents the related literature that are relevant to this study.

In the present, schools that provide each student with a laptop, as well as the

appropriate support for both students and teachers, see significant improvement in

academic achievement. However if it is use in an inappropriate way, it might not

improve the student’s performance.

According to Elizabeth Street (January 24, 2017), when the students having a

personal laptop, the learning improved in a number of subjects, including science, math,

English, and also were focusing in a programming subject. According to her, students

received more feedback on their writing, edited and revised their papers more often,

draw on a wider range of resources to write, and published or shared their work with

others more often.

It explain that a students, have a time to spend more in study especially in

programming subject because it is more on encoding, editing the codes and also

familiarizing and analyzing the codes. It is necessarily to have a personal laptop to

study on the go. Because if the students have no personal laptop specially when the

students are programmer there is a tendency that they are spending more money to go

in the computer cafe and also there is a tendency that they aren’t making projects or

activities because the computer cafe was so very far from their home.
 Also an article of Marie Magher (February 6, 2018) proves that laptops are

embraced because of the technological tools they offer combined with their portability.

Not only are they becoming more popular for home use, but many schools are starting

to incorporate them into their classrooms as well. Several advantages exist for students

using laptops, including more efficient and detailed note taking, faster writing and

editing, and convenient group work and study. Laptops offer these advantages to

students no matter what their grade or age.

Taking notes by hand can be time-consuming and taxing on your hand. When

students have laptops, they can type their notes directly into a document. Electronic

note taking is both faster and more flexible. Digital note taking allows students to index

and organize their study material automatically, quickly search for information by

keyword and share notes with other students.

Digital notes can be stored and backed up so they are not lost -- unlike paper

notes -- which may become destroyed or lost. While students can take notes on a

desktop computer at home, only a laptop allows them to take notes when they are in

class, where they receive much of their information. Notes can then be accessed at any

time or place since the laptop is portable.

It explains that having a personal laptop is really necessary because it can

improved the students learning especially when the students are programmer, it can

improved the students skills especially in coding and editing. It really relates to our

studies in our topic because being a programmer you need to learn on how to code, and
how to familiarize and analyze the code. It really needs to have a personal laptop to

have a better learning on the strand that you’ve got. Also in taking notes, it explains that

laptops are more better and faster because you can type your notes directly into a

document, unlike papers which may become destroyed or lost.

Another article on the topic by Jack Grove (April 4, 2017), explains that at times,

it can seem as if the march of technology in higher education is unstoppable. But using

a laptop in class can significantly damage students’ academic performance, a study

warns. The paper, based on an analysis of the grades of about 5,600 students at a

private US liberal arts college, found that using a laptop appeared to harm the grades of

male and low-performing students most significantly.

But in our explanation through this article, it is incorrect because having a

personal laptop is not necessarily to all students but it was focuses only in the

programmer students. Once the students is a programmer it is really necessary to have

one thing like laptop to used under their subject in the programming because this

subject was very hard to understand but it is easy to learn the hardest is you don’t know

on how to understand some codes that included in the your codes.

A research study by Binbin Zheng (April 26, 2016) explains that this technology,

if implemented correctly , is worth the cost and effort because it lifts student

achievement, enhances engagement and enthusiasm among students, improve

teacher-student relationships and promotes 21 st century skills such as technological

proficiency and problem solving.

 In fact, if the laptop is use in an appropriate way, it is worth the cost in time and

effort because it improves the student’s achievement. And it can enhance or improve

the skills of a student, such as technological proficiency and problem solving.

Another study on the topic by Ethan (October 1, 2017) reveals, “How computers

affect student performance, the good and bad.” Regular use of computers can have an

effect on student performance on standardized tests. Today, computers have become

extremely common, with nearly every students having access to one. Through this

extensive use, the students become closely connected with computers, using them at

home, at school, and others. The traditional ways of learning have changed, as

computers now play a large role in childhood development. Many wonder whether this

is a good or bad thing. As computers play a larger and larger role in the lives of our

children, it is important to ask what impact they are having.

In Physical- it increases the risk of obesity and run a greater risk of injury

because of this. In Social Development- excessive computers use may stunt the

development of social skills and interpersonal relationships. In Psychological- Due to

the sheer amount of information available on the internet and the number of people

using it, letting children use this technology unsupervised can negatively impact their

psychological health.

In Education- helps them to finish their homework, projects and others in easier

and faster way In Entertainment- A lot of computer games are designed to help students

learn language, math, logical thinking and many other skills In Social relationship-

Computers and the Internet have revolutionized the way we communicate, bringing
tools for children to communicate online. Web applications such as E-mail, AIM,

Facebook, and Myspace are well known.

The latest study by Tom Jacobs (June 6, 2019) proves that, "students worldwide

appear to perform best on tests when they report a low-to-moderate use of school

computers," Helen Lee Bouygues, president of the Paris-based Reboot Foundation,

argues in a just-released report.

"When students report having access to classroom computers and using these

devices on an infrequent basis, they show better performance," Bouygues writes. "But

when students report using these devices every day, and for several hours during the

school day, performance lowers dramatically."

On the other hand, student’s performance lowers dramatically if a students uses

laptop everyday and for several hours during the school day. However, if these device is

used on an infrequent basis the appear to perform best on tests and shows better

performances.
 CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

INTRODUCTION

This research main problem is about figuring out the effects of having a

Personal Computer or Laptop on Student's performance skills. In addition, this also

compares the effects of having a Personal Computer and Laptop between those

programming students who owns Personal Computer or Laptop and to those student's

who don't. The main objective of this study is for everyone to realize that technology

nowadays is not wants anymore but is necessarily needed and if students who have

Personal Laptop or PC have high performance skills compare to those who own, the

school, the teachers, the parents and students may consider to use this technology in

order to be more skillful when it comes to performance. Furthermore, this study also

aims to determine the effects on performance skills of the programming students who

have access on Laptop or Personal Computer and is also wants to answer questions

comparing the students who have Laptop/PC and to students who do not have

Laptop/PC.

This chapter is divided into several sections addressing the method and

design used by this study, the techniques in collecting data and how data was analysis.

Instrumentation, selection of informants, and ethical considerations are also included.

RESEARCH DESIGN

This research utilizes case study design. A case study is a problem to be studied,

which will reveal an in-depth understanding of a “case” or bounded system, which

involves understanding an event, activity, process, or one or more individuals (Creswell,

2002). Case study is suitable in this research for the researcher explores in depth a

programmed, event, activity, process or one or more individuals.

This study provides in depth understanding of the effects of having a laptop or pc

to programming students performance skills and the difference of performance skills

between student's who have laptop or pc to students who do not have this resources by

collecting detailed information using a different data collection techniques.

DATA COLLECTION TECHNIQUES

The gathered data in this study was based on 2 set Questionnaires. The

permitted informants will be ask to proceed on the Computer Laboratory with a granted

access of Voctech Senior High School management. The informants will be given 10

minutes to answer program questionnaire after which the researchers would analyze

and interpret the resulting data through a database to accurately reflect the

respondents’' views. This technique were used for it is convenient and accessible for the

researchers.

INSTRUMENTATION

Group-administered questionnaire is used in this research as a type of

questionnaire. This type of instrument is suitable for it "allows each member of the

group to complete his or her own questionnaire and return it to the researcher on
completion". Also the response rates using this type of questionnaires are higher than

those other survey (Wilkinson, Bermingham, 2003).

On a program questionnaire the informants will be ask to register their names

and determine whether they have Laptop/PC or not. After logging - in a 2 set

questionnaire will be displayed. The first set of question will be a pre-determined list or

scale ranging from always, often, sometimes, seldom, and never. The informants will be

instructed to check one area on the given scale. The second set of questionnaire will be

an Open-ended questions, consisting of 2 questions which is "What do you think are the

advantages of having a PC/Laptop in relation to your programming studies?" and "What

do you think are the disadvantages of having a PC or Laptop in your programming

studies? ". Also, the informants will have the freedom to write his/her past experience in

a way in which he/she is comfortable to answer.

All the data provided by the respondents will be secured and will be keep

private. After the study, the data will be deleted.

INFORMANTS (sampling)

Purposive sampling is used in selecting the TVL - ICT Programming students

which is the Grade 12 section Forest of Voctech Senior High School for they are

available, more convenient, and has the same characteristics related to the subject of

our study which is programming. 10 students will be participating in the study which

includes 5 students who owns a laptop or PC and 5 students who do not owns laptop or

PC. The sample of 10 students is enough to provide a manageable volume of data that

is able to answer the research questions. Also, the samples are carefully selected
based on what’s is needed for our study and to have a balance between the samples.

The study will be conducted on the Computer Laboratory of Voctech Senior High School

for the program questionnaire are placed in selected computers and also to avoid

danger and discomfort of the respondents with the permission of the management and

the teachers.

DATA ANALYSIS

The data gathered on the scaled question will be analyze through obtaining the

average answer by the respondents in each specific scaled in every question. For the

second set of questionnaire, the content will be analyze and the reoccurring answers

will be listed as advantage and disadvantage of having a personal computer/ Laptop.

Lastly, all the participants in this study is not being force and all the data gathered

will be confidential between the respondents and researchers. All information provided

by the informants will only be used for this study and after the analysis we will ensure

that it will be deleted. Most importantly, the respondents will not be harm in any means

during the survey. The participants can freely ask the researchers regarding the result

of the study.