Model Answer Winter 2019

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22316-Model-Answer-Winter-2019
computer science (Marathwada Mitra Mandal's Polytechnic)
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MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

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(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2005 Certified)
WINTER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Object Oriented Programming Using C++ Subject Code: 22316
Important Instructions to examiners:

1) The answers should be examined by key words and not as word-to-word as given in the model
answer scheme.
2) The model answer and the answer written by candidate may vary but the examiner may try to
assess the understanding level of the candidate.
3) The language errors such as grammatical, spelling errors should not be given more Importance
(Not applicable for subject English and Communication Skills).
4) While assessing figures, examiner may give credit for principal components indicated in the
figure. The figures drawn by candidate and model answer may vary. The examiner may give
credit for any equivalent figure drawn.
5) Credits may be given step wise for numerical problems. In some cases, the assumed constant
values may vary and there may be some difference in the candidate‟s answers and model
answer.
6) In case of some questions credit may be given by judgement on part of examiner of relevant
answer based on candidate‟s understanding.
7) For programming language papers, credit may be given to any other program based on
equivalent concept.
Q. Sub Answer Marking

No Q.N. Scheme
.
1. Attempt any FIVE of the following: 10
a) State the difference between OOP and POP. 2M
Ans.
Sr. OBJECT ORIENTED PROCEDURE
No. PROGRAMMING ORIENTED
(OOP) PROGRAMMING (POP)
1 Focus is on data rather than Focus is on doing things
procedure. (procedure). Any two
2 Programs are divided into Large programs are divided differen
multiple objects. into multiple functions. ces 1M
3 Data is hidden and cannot Data move openly around each
be accessed by external the system from function to
functions. function.
4 Objects communicate with Functions transform data
each other through from one form to another
function. by calling each other.
5 Employs bottom-up Employs top-down
approach in program approach in program
design design.
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6 Object oriented approach is Procedure oriented

used in C++ language. approach is used in C
language.
b) What is a class? Give its example. 2M
Ans. Class is a user defined data type that combines data and functions Class
together. It is a collection of objects of similar type. definitio
n 1M
Example:
class Student
{ Correct
int rollno; example
char name[10]; 1M
public:
void getdata( );
void putdata( );
};
c) What is multilevel inheritance? Draw the diagram to show 2M

multilevel inheritance. using classes with data member and
member function.
Ans. When a class is derived from another derived class then it is called as Define
multilevel inheritance. multilev
el
inherita
nce 1M
Diagram
1M
d) Explain use of scope resolution operator. 2M

Ans. It is used to uncover a hidden variable. Scope resolution operator
allows access to the global version of a variable. The scope resolution Correct
operator is used to refer variable of class anywhere in program. use 2M
:: Variable_name
OR
Scope resolution operator is also used in classes to identify the class
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to which a member function belongs. Scope resolution operator is

used to define function outside of class.
Return_type class_name:: function_name( )
{
Function body
}
e) Write two properties of static member function. 2M
Ans. i) A static member function can have access to only other static data Two
members and functions declared in the same class. properti
ii) A static member function can be called using the class name with a es 1M
scope resolution operator instead of object name as follows: each
class_name::function_name;
f) Explain virtual base class with suitable example. 2M
Ans. A virtual base class (Grandparent class) is a class that avoids duplication of Explana
inherited data in derived class (child class) derived from parent classes tion of
(parent1 and parent2) which in turn derived from base class. Virtual
base
Example:
class 1M
Example
1M
g) Give syntax and use of fclose ( ) function. 2M

Ans.
Syntax: Syntax
int fclose(FILE* stream); 1M
Use: This function is used to close a file stream. The data that is Correct
buffered but not written is flushed to the OS and all unread buffered use 1M
data is discarded.
2. Attempt any THREE of the following: 12
a) Describe memory allocation for objects. 4M
Ans. The memory space for object is allocated when they are declared and
not when the class is specified. The member functions are created and
placed in memory space only once when they are defined as a part of
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a class definition. Since all the objects belonging to that class use the
same member functions, no separate space is allocated for member Descript
functions. When the objects are created only space for member ion 2M
variable is allocated separately for each object. Separate memory
locations for the objects are essential because the member variables
will hold different data values for different objects.
Diagram
2M
Fig: Memory allocation for objects

b) Write a program to implement single inheritance from the 4M
following Refer Figure No.1
(Note: Any other correct logic shall be considered)

Ans. #include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class employee
{ Class
protected:
declarati
int emp_id;
char name[10];
on 1M
}; each
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class emp_info:public employee

{
int basic_salary;
public:
void getdata()
{
cout<<"Enter emp id";
Functio
cin>>emp_id; n
cout<<"Enter name"; declarati
cin>>name; on 1M
cout<<"Enter basic salary";
cin>>basic_salary;
}
void putdata()
{
cout<<"\nEmp_id="<<emp_id;
cout<<"\nName="<<name;
cout<<"\nBasic Salary="<<basic_salary;
}
};
void main()
{
emp_info e;
clrscr(); Main
e.getdata(); function
e.putdata(); 1M
getch();
}
c) Write any four benefits of OOP. 4M
Ans. Benefits of OOP:
1. We can eliminate redundant code and extend the use of existing
classes.
2. We can build programs from the standard working modules that
communicate with one another, rather than having to start writing Any
the code from scratch. This leads to saving of development time four
and higher productivity. benefits
3. The principle of data hiding helps the programmer to build secure 1M each
programs that cannot be invaded by code in other parts of the
program.
4. It is possible to have multiple instances of an object to co-exist
without any interference.
5. It is possible to map objects in the problem domain to those in the
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program.
6. It is easy to partition the work in a project based on objects.
7. The data-centered design approach enables us to capture more
details of a model in implementable form.
8. Object-oriented systems can be easily upgraded from small to
large systems.
9. Message passing techniques for communication between objects
makes the interface descriptions with external systems much
simpler.
10. Software complexity can be easily managed.
d) Describe ‘this’ pointer with an example. 4M
Ans. ‘this’ pointer:
C++ uses a unique keyword called „this‟ to represent an object that
invokes a member function. This unique pointer is automatically
passed to a member function when it is invoked. „this‟ is a pointer
that always point to the object for which the member function was Descript
called. ion 2M
For example, the function call A.max ( ) will set the pointer „this‟ to
the address of the object A. Then suppose we call B.max ( ), the
pointer „this‟ will store address of object B.
Example:
#include<iostream.h>
class sample
{
int a; Correct
public: example
void setdata(int x) 2M
{
this ->a=x;
}
void putdata()
{
cout<<this ->a;
}
};
void main()
{
sample s;
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s.setdata(100);
s.putdata( );
}
In the above example, this pointer is used to represent object s when
setdata ( ) and putdata ( ) functions are called.
a) Write the applications of object oriented programming. 4M
Ans. Applications of object oriented programming are:
1) Real time systems
2) Simulation and modeling Any
3) Object-oriented databases four
4) Hypertext, hypermedia and expertext correct
5) AI and expert systems applicati
6) Neural networks and parallel programming ons 1M
7) Decision support and office automation systems each
8) CIM/CAM/CAD systems
b) State the rules for writing destructor function. 4M
Ans. Rules for writing destructor function are:
1) A destructor is a special member function which should destroy
the objects that have been created by constructor. Any
2) Name of destructor and name of the class should be same. four
3) Destructor name should be preceded with tilde (~) symbol. correct
4) Destructor should not accept any parameters. rules
5) Destructor should not return any value. 1M each
6) Destructor should not be classified in any types.
7) A class can have at most one destructor.
c) What is inheritance? Give different types of inheritance. 4M
Ans. Inheritance:
The mechanism of deriving new class from an old/existing class is
called inheritance. Correct
OR explanat
Inheritance is the process by which objects of one class acquired the ion of
properties of objects of another classes. inherita
nce 2M
Syntax:
class derived-class-name: visibility-mode base-class-name

{
------//
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-----// members of derived class

-----//
};
Types of inheritance:
1) Single inheritance: In single inheritance, a derived class is
derived from only one base class.
Diagram:
Correct
types of
inherita
nce
2) Multiple inheritance: In multiple inheritance, derived class is (any 4)
derived from more than one base classes. 2M
Diagram:
3) Hierarchical inheritance: In hierarchical inheritance, more than

one derived classes are derived from single class.
Diagram:
4) Multilevel inheritance: In multilevel inheritance, a derived class

is derived from a derived class (intermediate base class) which in turn
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derived from a single base class.

Diagram:
5) Hybrid inheritance: Hybrid inheritance is a combination of

single, multiple, multilevel and hierarchical inheritance.
Diagram:
d) What are the rules for virtual function? 4M

Ans. Rules for virtual function:
1. The virtual functions must be members of some class.
2. They cannot be static members.
3. They are accessed by using object pointers.
4. A virtual function can be a friend of another class.
5. A virtual function in a base class must be defined, even though it Any
may not be used. four
6. The prototypes of the base class version of a virtual function and rules
all the derived class versions must be identical. 1M each
7. We cannot have virtual constructors, but we can have virtual
destructors.
8. While a base pointer can point to any type of the derived object,
the reverse is not true.
9. When a base pointer points to a derived class, incrementing or
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decrementing it will not make it to point to the next object of the

derived class.
10. If a virtual function is defined in the base class, it need not be
necessarily redefined in the derived class.
a) What is parameterized constructor? 4M
Ans. A constructor that accepts parameters is called as parameterized
constructor.
In some applications, it may be necessary to initialize the various data
members of different objects with different values when they are
created. Parameterized constructor is used to achieve this by passing
arguments to the constructor function when the objects are created. Correct
descripti
Example: on 4M
class ABC
{
int m;
public:
ABC(int x)
{
m=x;
}
void put()
{
cout<<m;
}
};
void main()
{
ABC obj(10);
obj.put();
}
In the above example, constructor ABC (int x) is a parameterized
constructor function that accepts one parameter. When „obj‟ object is
created for class ABC, parameterized constructor will invoke and
data member m will be initialized with the value 10 which is passed
as an argument. Member function put ( ) displays the value of data
member „m‟.
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b) Write a program to sort an 1-d array in ascending order. 4M

#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int arr[20];
int i, j, temp,n;
clrscr(); Correct
cout<<"\n Enter the array size:"; array
cin>>n; input
cout<<"\n Enter array elements:"; 1M
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
cin>>arr[i]; Sorting
} of 1D
for(i=0;i<n;i++) array in
{ ascendin
for(j=i+1;j<n;j++) g order
{ 2M
if(arr[i]>arr[j])
{
temp=arr[i];
arr[i]=arr[j];
arr[j]=temp;
}
}
}
cout<<”Sorted Array:”; Display
for(i=0;i<n;i++) of sorted
{ array
cout<<”\n”<<arr[i]; 1M
}
getch();
}
c) Explain the friend function with proper example. 4M
Ans. Friend function:
The private members of a class cannot be accessed from outside the
class but in some situations two classes may need access of each
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other‟s private data. So a common function can be declared which

can be made friend of more than one class to access the private data Correct
of more than one class. The common function is made friendly with explanat
all those classes whose private data need to be shared in that function. ion of
This common function is called as friend function. Friend function is friend
not in the scope of the class in which it is declared. It is called function
without any object. The class members are accessed with the object 2M
name and dot membership operator inside the friend function. It
accepts objects as arguments.
Example:
Program to interchange values of two integer numbers using
friend function.
#include<conio.h>
class B; Correct
class A example
{ 2M
int x;
public:
void accept()
{
cout<<"\n Enter the value for x:";
cin>>x;
}
friend void swap(A,B);
};
class B
{
int y;
public:
void accept()
{
cout<<"\n Enter the value for y:";
cin>>y;
}
friend void swap(A,B);
};
void swap(A a,B b)
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{
cout<<"\n Before swapping:";
cout<<"\n Value for x="<<a.x;
cout<<"\n Value for y="<<b.y;
int temp;
temp=a.x;
a.x=b.y;
b.y=temp;
cout<<"\n After swapping:";
cout<<"\n Value for x="<<a.x;
cout<<"\n Value for y="<<b.y;
}
void main()
{
A a;
B b;
clrscr();
a.accept();
b.accept();
swap(a,b);
getch();
}
d) Write a program to count the number of lines in file. 4M
#include<fstream.h> Opening
#include<conio.h> of file
void main() 1M
{
ifstream file; Countin
char ch; g
int n=0; number
clrscr(); of lines
file.open("abc.txt"); 2M
while(file) Printing
{ number
file.get(ch); of lines
if(ch=='\n') in a file
n++; 1M
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}
cout<<"\n Number of lines in a file are:"<<n;
file.close();
getch();
}
5. Attempt any TWO of the following: 12
a) Write a program to declare a class ‘student’ having data 6M
members as ‘stud_name’ and ‘roll_no’. Accept and display this
data for 5 students.
#include<conio.h>
class student
{
int roll_no;
char stud_name[20]; Class
public: declarati
void Accept(); on 2M
void Display();
};
void student::Accept() Accept
{ ( )1M
cout<<"\n Enter student‟s name and roll no\n";
cin>>stud_name>>roll_no;
}
void student::Display()
{ Display
cout<<stud_name<<”\t”<<roll_no<<”\n”; ( ) 1M
}
void main()
{
student S[5];
inti;
clrscr();
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{ Main ( )
S[i].Accept(); with
} array
cout<<”Student details \n Student‟s Name \t Roll No\n”; 2M
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for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
S[i].Display();
}
getch();
}
b) State and explain the visibility modes used in inheritance. 6M
Ans. Visibility modes:
 private
 protected
 public
Base class Derived class visibility
visibility Private Protected Public
Private Not Not Not
Inherited Inherited Inherited
Protected Private Protected Protected
Public Private Protected Public
 Private:
o When a base class is privately inherited by a derived class,
„public members‟ and „protected members‟ of the base class
become „private members‟ of the derived class.
o Therefore, the public and protected members of the base class
can only be accessed by the member functions of derived class
but, cannot be accessed by the objects of the derived class.
Syntax: Explana
class derived: private base tion 2M
{ for each
//Members of derived class; visibility
}; mode
 Public:
o When a base class is publicly inherited by a derived class then
„protected members‟ of base class becomes „protected
members‟ and ‟public members‟ of the base class become
„public members‟ of the derived class.
o Therefore the public members of the base class can be
accessed by both the member functions of derived class as well
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as the objects of the derived class.

Syntax:
class derived: public base
{
//Members of derived class;
};
 Protected:
o When a base class is protectedly inherited by a derived class,
„public and protected members‟ of the base class become
„protected members‟ of the derived class.
o Therefore the public and protected members of the base class
can be accessed by the member functions of derived class as
well as the member functions of immediate derived class of it
but they cannot be accessed by the objects of derived class
Syntax:
class derived: protected base
{
//Members of derived class;
};
c) Write a program to declare a class ‘book’ containing data 6M
members as ‘title’, ‘author-name’, ‘publication’, ‘price’. Accept
and display the information for one object using pointer to that
object.
#include<conio.h>
class book
{ Class
char author_name[20]; declarati
char title[20]; on 2M
char publication[20];
float price;
public:
void Accept();
void Display();
};
void book::Accept() Accept
{ ( ) 1M
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cout<<"\n Enter book‟s title, author_name, publication and price \n:";

cin>> title >>author_name>> publication >> price;
}
void student::Display() Display
{ ( ) 1M
cout<<title <<”\t”<<author_name<<”\t”<<publication <<”\t”<<
price<<”\n”<<;
}
void main()
{
book b, *p; Main( )
clrscr(); with
p=&b; pointer
p->Accept(); 2M
cout<<”title \t author_name \t publication \t price\n”;
p-> Display();
getch();
}
6. Attempt any TWO of the following: 12
a) Write a program that copies contents of one file into another file. 6M
Ans. Assuming input file to be copied file1.txt contents are “Hello
Friends…” and file where the contents need to copy is file2.txt
already created
#include<conio.h>
#include<fstream.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
void main()
{
clrscr();
ifstream fs; File
ofstream ft; open
char ch, fname1[20], fname2[20]; and
cout<<"Enter source file name with extension (like files.txt) : "; close
gets(fname1); 2M
fs.open(fname1);
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if(!fs)
{
cout<<"Error in opening source file..!!";
getch();
exit(1); Logic
} for copy
cout<<"Enter target file name with extension (like filet.txt) : "; contents
gets(fname2); 4M
ft.open(fname2);
if(!ft)
{
cout<<"Error in opening target file..!!";
fs.close();
getch();
exit(2);
}
while(fs.eof()==0)
{
fs>>ch;
ft<<ch;
}
cout<<"File copied successfully..!!";
fs.close();
ft.close();
getch();
}
b) Write a program to implement the following hierarchy using 6M
suitable member functions. Refer Figure No.2.
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Ans. # include <iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class Student
{
int roll_no;
char name[10];
public: Class
void read_studentData() student
{ declarati
cout<<”Enter student‟s roll no and name \n”; on 1M
cin>>roll_no>> name;
}
void display_studentData ()
{
cout<<”\n roll_no\t name\n”;
cout<<roll_no<<”\t”<<name<<”\n”;
}
};
class test: public Student
{
protected:
int marks1,marks2;
public: Class
void read_test() test
{ declarati
cout<<”\n Enter test marks\n”; on 1M
cin>>marks1>>marks2;
}
void display_test()
{
cout<<”\n test Marks \n Marks1 \t Marks2 \n”;
cout<<marks1<<”\t”<<marks2;
}
};
class sports
{
int score;
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public:
void read_sportsData()
{
cout<<”\n Enter sport score\n”; Class
cin>> score; sports
} declarati
void display_sportsData() on 1M
{
cout<<”\n sport score:”<<score;
}
};
class result: public test, public sports
{
int total;
public:
void read_result()
{
read_ studentData () ;
read_test(); Class
read_sportsData(); result
total=marks1+marks2; declarati
} on 2M
void display_result()
{
display_ studentData () ;
display_test();
display_sportsData();
cout<<”\n Total=”<<total;
}
};
void main()
{
result r;
clrscr();
r.read_result(); Main ()
r.display_result(); 1M
getch();
}
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c) Write a program to overload the ‘—’ unary operator to negate 6M

the values.
#include<conio.h>
#include<string.h>
class Number
{
int x,y;
public:
Number (int a, int b)
{ Correct
a =x; Program
b =y; with
} output
void display() 6M
{
cout<<"value of x=”<<x<<”\n Value of y= ”<<y;
}
void operator - ( )
{
x = - x;
y = - y;
}
};
void main ()
{
Number N1(5,6);
clrscr ();
N1. display ();
-N1;
cout<<"\n After negation:";
N1. display ();
getch ();
}
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computer science (Marathwada Mitra Mandal's Polytechnic)

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MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

WINTER – 2019 EXAMINATION

Important Instructions to examiners:

Q. Sub Answer Marking

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WINTER – 2019 EXAMINATION

6 Object oriented approach is Procedure oriented

c) What is multilevel inheritance? Draw the diagram to show 2M

d) Explain use of scope resolution operator. 2M

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WINTER – 2019 EXAMINATION

to which a member function belongs. Scope resolution operator is

g) Give syntax and use of fclose ( ) function. 2M

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WINTER – 2019 EXAMINATION

Fig: Memory allocation for objects

(Note: Any other correct logic shall be considered)

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WINTER – 2019 EXAMINATION

class emp_info:public employee

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WINTER – 2019 EXAMINATION

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WINTER – 2019 EXAMINATION

class derived-class-name: visibility-mode base-class-name

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WINTER – 2019 EXAMINATION

-----// members of derived class

3) Hierarchical inheritance: In hierarchical inheritance, more than

4) Multilevel inheritance: In multilevel inheritance, a derived class

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WINTER – 2019 EXAMINATION

derived from a single base class.

5) Hybrid inheritance: Hybrid inheritance is a combination of

d) What are the rules for virtual function? 4M

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MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

WINTER – 2019 EXAMINATION

decrementing it will not make it to point to the next object of the

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WINTER – 2019 EXAMINATION

b) Write a program to sort an 1-d array in ascending order. 4M

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MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

WINTER – 2019 EXAMINATION