4/13/23, 11:39 PM Shell Scripting Exercises - Sanka Dharmarathna - Medium

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Shell Scripting Exercises - Sanka Dharmarathna - Medium

Sanka Dharmarathna ⋮ 10-13 minutes ⋮ 1/10/2019

Exercise_1 - Write a shell script that prints “Shell Scripting is Fun!” on the screen

#!/bin/bashecho “Shell Scripting is Fun!”

Output

[svimukthi@sanka Shell_Scripting]$ ./exe1.sh

Shell Scripting is Fun!

Exercise_2 - Modify the shell script from exercise 1 to include a variable. The variable will
hold the contents of the message “Shell Scripting is Fun!”

#!/bin/bashNAME=”Shell Scripting is Fun!”

echo $NAME

Output

[svimukthi@sanka Shell_Scripting]$ ./exe2.sh

Shell Scripting is Fun!

Exercise_3 - Store the output of the command “hostname” in a variable. Display “This
script is running on _.” where “_” is the output of the “hostname” command.

#!/bin/bashHOSTNAME=$(hostname)
echo “This script is running on $HOSTNAME”

Output

[svimukthi@sanka Shell_Scripting]$ ./exe3.sh

This script is running on vimukthi

Exercise_4 - Write a shell script to check to see if the file “file_path” exists. If it does
exist, display “file_path passwords are enabled.” Next, check to see if you can write to
the file. If you can, display “You have permissions to edit “file_path.””If you cannot,
display “You do NOT have permissions to edit “file_path””

#!/bin/bashFILE=”/home/svimukthi/Assignment/sanka”if [ -e “$FILE” ]
then
echo “$FILE passwords are enabled”
fiif [ -x “$FILE” ]
then
echo “You have permition to execute $FILE” else
echo “You do Not have permissions to execute $FILE”
fi

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Output

[svimukthi@sanka Shell_Scripting]$ ./exe4.sh

/home/svimukthi/Assignment/sanka passwords are enabled
You have permition to execute /home/svimukthi/Assignment/sanka

Exercise_5 - Write a shell script that displays “man”,”bear”,”pig”,”dog”,”cat”,and

“sheep” on the screen with each appearing on a separate line. Try to do this in as few
lines as possible.

#!/bin/bashANIMALS=”man bear pig dog cat sheep”for ANIMAL in $ANIMALS

do
echo $ANIMAL
done

Output

[svimukthi@sanka Shell_Scripting]$ ./exe5.sh

man
bear
pig
dog
cat
sheep

Exercise_6 - write a shell script that prompts the user for a name of a file or directory and
reports if it is a regular file, a directory, or another type of file. Also perform an ls
command against the file or directory with the long listing option.

#!/bin/bashecho “Enter the file path”

read FILEif [ -f “$FILE” ]
then
echo “$FILE is a reguler file”elif [ -d “$FILE” ]
then
echo “$FILE is a directory”else
echo “$FILE is another type of file”
fils -l $FILE

Output

[svimukthi@sanka Shell_Scripting]$ ./exe6.sh

Enter the file path
/home/svimukthi/sanka
/home/svimukthi/sanka is a directory
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 2 svimukthi svimukthi 30 Nov 13 20:18 hs
-rw-rw-r — . 1 svimukthi svimukthi 12 Nov 12 12:09 sanka.txt
d — x — — — . 2 svimukthi svimukthi 20 Dec 13 18:53 test

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Exercise_7 - Modify the previous script to that it accepts the file or directory name as an
argument instead of prompting the user to enter it.

#!/bin/bashFILE=$1if [ -f “$FILE” ]
then
echo “$FILE is a reguler file”elif [ -d “$FILE” ]
then
echo “$FILE is a directory”else
echo “$FILE is another type of file”
fils -l $FILE

Output

[svimukthi@sanka Shell_Scripting]$ ./exe7.sh /home/svimukthi/sanka

/home/svimukthi/sanka is a directory
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 2 svimukthi svimukthi 30 Nov 13 20:18 hs
-rw-rw-r — . 1 svimukthi svimukthi 12 Nov 12 12:09 sanka.txt
d — x — — — . 2 svimukthi svimukthi 20 Dec 13 18:53 test

Exercise_8 - Modify the previous script to accept an unlimited number of files and
directories as arguments.

#!/bin/bashFILES=$@for FILE in $FILES

do
if [ -f “$FILE” ]
then
echo “$FILE is a reguler file” elif [ -d “$FILE” ]
then
echo “$FILE is a directory” else
echo “$FILE is another type of file”
fi ls -l $FILE done

Output

[svimukthi@sanka Shell_Scripting]$ ./exe8.sh /home/svimukthi/sanka /hms/apps

/home/svimukthi/sanka is a directory
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 2 svimukthi svimukthi 30 Nov 13 20:18 hs
-rw-rw-r — . 1 svimukthi svimukthi 12 Nov 12 12:09 sanka.txt
d — x — — — . 2 svimukthi svimukthi 20 Dec 13 18:53 test
/hms/apps is a directory
total 60
drwx — — — . 7 svimukthi svimukthi 4096 Dec 7 15:08 ajuba
drwx — — — . 7 svimukthi svimukthi 4096 Dec 7 15:08 ajuba-preference-data-loader
drwx — — — . 7 svimukthi svimukthi 4096 Nov 30 10:25 ajuba-survey
-rw-rw-r — . 1 svimukthi svimukthi 22772 Dec 10 17:01 sendKindle-2.1–
6.el7.psychotic.noarch.rpm

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-rw-rw-r — . 1 svimukthi svimukthi 19875 Dec 10 17:04 sendKindle-2.1–

6.el7.psychotic.src.rpm
drwxr-xr-x. 2 svimukthi svimukthi 4096 Dec 17 08:24 Versions_Script

Exercise_9 - Write a shell script that displays, “This script will exit with 0 exit status.” Be
sure that the script does indeed exit with a 0 exit status.

#!/bin/bashecho “This script will exit with 0 exit status.”

exit 0

Output

[svimukthi@sanka Shell_Scripting]$ ./exe9.sh

This script will exit with 0 exit status.

Exercise_10 - Write a shell script that accepts a file or directory name as an argument.
Have the script report if it is reguler file, a directory, or another type of file. If it is a
directory, exit with a 1 exit status. If it is some other type of file, exit with a 2 exit status.

#!/bin/bashFILE=$1if [ -f $FILE ]
then
echo “It is reguler File”
exit 0elif [ -d $FILE ]
then
echo “It is directory”
exit 1 else
echo “Another type”
exit 2
fi

output

[svimukthi@sanka Shell_Scripting]$ ./exe10.sh /home/svimukthi/sanka

It is directory

Exercise_11 - Write a script that executes the command “cat/etc/shadow”. If the

command return a 0 exit status, report “command succeeded” and exit with a 0 exit
status. If the command returns a non-zero exit status, report “Command failed” and exit
with a 1 exit status.

#!/bin/bashcat /etc/shadowif [ “$?” -eq “0” ]

then
echo “Command succeeded”
exit 0 else
echo “Command failed”
exit 1
fi

Output

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[svimukthi@sanka Shell_Scripting]$ ./exe11.sh

cat: /etc/shadow: Permission denied
Command failed

Exercise_12 - Write a shell script that consists of a function that displays the number of
files in the present working directory. Name this function “file_count” and call it in your
script. If you use variable in your function, remember to make it a local variable.

#!/bin/bashfunction file_count()
{
local NUMBER_OF_FILE=$(ls -l | wc -l)
echo "$NUMBER_OF_FILE"
}file_count

Output

[vimukthi@vimukthi Test]$ ./coun.sh

4

Exercise_13 - Modify the script from the previous exercise. Make the “file_count”
function accept a directory as an argument. Next, have the function display the name of
the directory followed by a colon. Finally display the number of files to the screen on the
next line. Call the function three times. First on the “/etc” directory, next on the “/var”
directory and finally on the “/usr/bin” directory.

#!/bin/bashfunction file_count()
{
local Directory=$1
COUNT_FILE=$(ls $Directory|wc -l)
echo "$Directory"
echo "$COUNT_FILE"
}file_count /etc
file_count /var
file_count /usr/bin

Output

[vimukthi@vimukthi Test]$ ./exe13.sh

/etc
295
/var
22
/usr/bin
2020

Exercise_14 - Write the shell script that renames all files in the current directory that end
in “.jpg” to begin with today’s date in the following format: YYYY-MM-DD. For example, if
a picture of my cat was in the current directory and today was October 31,2016 it would
change name from “mycat.jpg” to “2016–10–31-mycat.jpg”.

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#!/bin/bashDAY=$(date +%F)
cd /home/vimukthi/Picturesfor FILE in *.png
do
mv $FILE ${DAY}-${FILE}
done

After executing that script we can see change the names.

Exercise_15 - Write the script that renames files based on the file extension. Next,It
should ask the user what prefix to prepend to the file name(s). By default, the prefix
should be the current date in YYYY-MM-DD format. If the user simply press enter,the
current date will be used. Otherwise,whatever the user entered will be used as the prefix.
Next,it should display the original file name and new name of the file. Finally,it should
rename the file.

#!/bin/bashcd /home/vimukthi/Pictures
DAY=$(date +%F)secho "Pleace enter the file extension:"
read EXTENSIONecho "Pleace enter the prifix:(press enter for $DAY)"
readfor NAME in *.$EXTENSION
do
echo "Renaming $NAME to ${DAY}-${NAME}"
mv $NAME ${DAY}-${NAME}
done

After executing that script we can see change the names.

Exercise_16 - Created the start-up script for an application start and stop.

#!/bin/bashINPUT=$1
cd /hms/installs/mongod/mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.0/bin
case $INPUT instart)
./mongod -f ../../mongod.conf &
echo "Mongodb server Start"
;;stop)
PID_ID=$(ps -ef | grep mongo | cut -d" " -f3 | sed '1!d')
kill $PID_IDif [ $? -eq '0']
echo "Mongodb server Stop"
;;*)
echo "Error input"
;;esac

Exercise_17 - Write the shell script that displays one random number on the screen and
also generates a system log message with that random number.Use the “user” facility
and “info” facility for your messages.

#!/bin/bashMESSAGE="Random number is:$RANDOM"

echo "$MESSAGE"logger -p user.info "$MESSAGE"

Run and check log

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[root@vimukthi Test]# ./test.sh

Random number is:13461
[root@vimukthi Test]# cat /var/log/messages | tail -n1
Jan 10 11:03:18 vimukthi vimukthi: Random number is:13461

Exercise_18 - Modify the previous script to that it uses a logging function. Additionally,
tag each syslog message with “randomly” and include process ID. Generate a 3 random
numbers.

#!/bin/bashfunction logging()
{
MESSAGE=$@
SET_MESSAGE="Random Number is:$MESSAGE"
echo "$SET_MESSAGE"
logger -i -p user.info "$SET_MESSAGE"
}logging $RANDOM
logging $RANDOM
logging $RANDOM

Run and check log

[root@vimukthi Test]# ./exe18.sh

Random Number is:22009
Random Number is:25546
Random Number is:29800
[root@vimukthi Test]# cat /var/log/messages | tail -n5
Jan 10 11:20:01 vimukthi systemd: Removed slice User Slice of root.
Jan 10 11:20:01 vimukthi systemd: Stopping User Slice of root.
Jan 10 11:20:03 vimukthi vimukthi[6210]: Random Number is:22009
Jan 10 11:20:03 vimukthi vimukthi[6211]: Random Number is:25546
Jan 10 11:20:03 vimukthi vimukthi[6212]: Random Number is:29800

Exercise_19 - Write a shell script that exits on error and displays command as they will
execute, including all expansions and substitutions. Use 3 ls command in your script.
Make the first one succeed, the second one fail, and third one succeed. If you are using
the proper options, the third ls command not be executed.

#!/bin/bash -exls /hmsls /hms/msls /hms/apps

Output

[vimukthi@vimukthi Test]$ ./test.sh

+ ls /hms
apps backups installs logs support Test
+ ls /hms/ms
ls: cannot access /hms/ms: No such file or directory

Exercise_20 - Modify the previous exercise so that script continuous, even if an error
occurs. This time, all three ls command will execute.

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#!/bin/bash -xls /hmsls /hms/msls /hms/apps

Output

[vimukthi@vimukthi Test]$ ./test.sh

+ ls /hms
apps backups installs logs support Test
+ ls /hms/ms
ls: cannot access /hms/ms: No such file or directory
+ ls /hms/apps
ajuba ajuba-preference-data-loader ajuba-survey

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