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C For Loop

The document discusses for loops in C programming, explaining that a for loop repeats a block of code until a test condition is met. It provides the syntax for a for loop and describes how it works, including initialization, test expression, and update statement. Examples are given to demonstrate calculating a sum and printing numbers using for loops.

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27 views4 pages

C For Loop

The document discusses for loops in C programming, explaining that a for loop repeats a block of code until a test condition is met. It provides the syntax for a for loop and describes how it works, including initialization, test expression, and update statement. Examples are given to demonstrate calculating a sum and printing numbers using for loops.

Uploaded by

barunjikumwenda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C for Loop

In programming, a loop is used to repeat a block of code until the


specified condition is met.

C programming has three types of loops:

1. for loop
2. while loop
3. do...while loop

We will learn about for loop in this tutorial. In the next tutorial, we
will learn about while and do...while loop.

for Loop
The syntax of the for loop is:

for (initializationStatement; testExpression; updateStatement)


{
// statements inside the body of loop
}

How for loop works?

 The initialization statement is executed only once.


 Then, the test expression is evaluated. If the test expression
is evaluated to false, the for loop is terminated.
 However, if the test expression is evaluated to true,
statements inside the body of the for loop are executed, and
the update expression is updated.
 Again the test expression is evaluated.

This process goes on until the test expression is false. When the test
expression is false, the loop terminates.

To learn more about test expression (when the test expression is


evaluated to true and false), check out relational and logical
operators.
for loop Flowchart

Working of for loop

Example 1: for loop

// Print numbers from 1 to 10#include <stdio.h>


int main() {
int i;

for (i = 1; i < 11; ++i)


{
printf("%d ", i);
}
return 0;
}
Run Code

Output

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1. i is initialized to 1.
2. The test expression i < 11 is evaluated. Since 1 less than 11
is true, the body of for loop is executed. This will print
the 1 (value of i) on the screen.
3. The update statement ++i is executed. Now, the value
of i will be 2. Again, the test expression is evaluated to true,
and the body of for loop is executed. This will print 2(value of i)
on the screen.
4. Again, the update statement ++i is executed and the test
expression i < 11 is evaluated. This process goes on
until i becomes 11.
5. When i becomes 11, i < 11 will be false, and the for loop
terminates.

Example 2: for loop

// Program to calculate the sum of first n natural numbers// Positive integers 1,2,3...n are
known as natural numbers
#include <stdio.h>int main(){
int num, count, sum = 0;

printf("Enter a positive integer: ");


scanf("%d", &num);

// for loop terminates when num is less than count


for(count = 1; count <= num; ++count)
{
sum += count;
}

printf("Sum = %d", sum);

return 0;
}
Run Code

Output

Enter a positive integer: 10


Sum = 55

The value entered by the user is stored in the variable num. Suppose,
the user entered 10.
The count is initialized to 1 and the test expression is evaluated.
Since the test expression count<=num (1 less than or equal to 10) is
true, the body of for loop is executed and the value of sum will
equal to 1.

Then, the update statement ++count is executed and count will


equal to 2. Again, the test expression is evaluated. Since 2 is also
less than 10, the test expression is evaluated to true and the body of
the forloop is executed. Now, sum will equal 3.

This process goes on and the sum is calculated until


the count reaches 11.

When the count is 11, the test expression is evaluated to 0 (false),


and the loop terminates.

Then, the value of sum is printed on the screen.

We will learn about while loop and do...while loop in the next
tutorial.

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