Kinematics
Kinematics
Speed, Velocity and Acceleration 5. The displacement of a body along x-axis depends on
1. A wheel of radius 1 m rolls forward half a revolution time as x # t " 1. Then, the velocity of body
on a horizontal ground. The magnitude of the (a) increase with time (b) decrease with time
displacement of the point of the wheel initially in (c) independent of time (d) None of these
contact with the ground is 6. A car moving along a straight highway with speed of
(a) 2 ! (b) 2 ! 126 km/h is brought to a stop within a distance of
200 m. What is the retardation of the car (assumed
(c) !2 " 4 (d) !
uniform) and how long does it take for the car to stop?
2. A point particle starting from rest has a velocity that [NCERT]
increases linearly with time such that v # pt, where (a 3.06 m / s2 and11.4 s (b) 2.06 m / s2 and11.4 s
p = 4 ms–2. The distance covered in the first 2 s will be (c) 3.06 m / s2 and10.4 s (d) 3.06 m / s2 and 4.1s
(a) 6 m (b) 4 m
(c) 8 m (d) 10 m 7. A particle of mass m is initially
situated at the point P inside a
3. Among the four graphs, there is only one graph for hemispherical surface of radius r
which average velocity over the time intervel (0, T) as shown in figure. A horizontal
P
can vanish for a suitably chosen T. Which one is it? acceleration of magnitude a 0 is suddenly produced on
[NCERT Exemplar]
the particle in the horizontal direction. If
x x
gravitational acceleration is neglected, the time
taken by particle to touch the sphere again is
(a) t (b)
4 r sin % 4 r tan %
(a) (b)
a0 a0
t
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4 r cos %
x x
(c) (d) None of these
a0
8. A body starts from rest and moves with a constant
(c) (d) acceleration. The ratio of distance covered in the nth
second to the distance covered in n second is
t t 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 1
(a) $ (b) $ (c) $ (d) "
n n2 n2 n n2 n n n2
4. A particle moves with constant acceleration and v1, v2
and v3 denote the average velocities in the three 9. A particle moving with a uniform acceleration along a
successive intervals t1, t2 and t3 of time. Which of the straight line covers distance a and b in successive
following relations is correct? intervals of p and q second. The acceleration of the
v1 $ v2 t1 $ t2 v1 $ v2 t1 $ t2 particle is
(a) # (b) #
v2 $ v3 t2 " t3 v2 $ v3 t1 $ t2 pq ( p " q) 2( aq $ bp )
(a) (b)
v $ v2 t1 $ t2 v1 $ v2 t1 " t2 2 ( bp $ aq) pq ( p $ q)
(c) 1 # (d) #
v2 $ v3 t2 $ t3 v2 $ v3 t2 " t3 bp $ aq 2( bp $ aq)
(c) (d)
pq ( p $ q) pq ( p $ q)
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Kinematics
10. A bee flies a line from a point A to another point B in 17. The driver of a car moving with a speed of 10 ms $1
$1
4 s with a velocity of |t – 2| ms . The distance sees a red light ahead, applies brakes and stops after
between A and B in metre is covering 10 m distance. If the same car were moving
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8 with a speed of 20 ms $1, the same driver would have
11. A 2 m wide truck is moving with a uniform speed stopped the car after covering 30 m distance. Within
v0 # 8 ms $1 along a straight horizontal road. A what distance the car can be stopped if travelling
pedestrian starts to cross the road with a uniform with a velocity of 15 ms $1? Assume the same reaction
speed v when the truck is 4 m away from him. The time and the same deceleration in each case.
minimum value of v, so that he can cross the road (a) 18.75 m (b) 20.75 m (c) 22. 75 m (d) 25 m
th
safely is 18. A lift is coming from 8 floor and is just about to
(a) 2.62 ms–1 (b) 4.6 ms–1 reach 4 th floor. Taking ground floor as origin and
(c) 3.57 ms–1 (d) 1.414 ms–1 positive direction upwards for all quantities, which
12. A bus moves over a straight level road with a one of the following is correct? [NCERT Exemplar]
constant acceleration a. A body in the bus drops a ball (a) x & 0, v & 0, a ' 0 (b) x ' 0, v & 0, a & 0
outside. The acceleration of the ball with respect to (c) x ' 0, v & 0, a ' 0 (d) x ' 0, v ' 0, a & 0
the bus and the earth are respectively 19. A target is made of two plates, one of wood and the
(a) a and g other of iron. The thickness of the wooden plate is
(b) a " g and g $ a 4 cm and that of iron plate is 2 cm. A bullet fired goes
(c) a2 " g2 and g through the wood first and then penetrates 1 cm into
iron. A similar bullet fired with the same velocity
(d) a2 " g2 and a
from opposite direction goes through iron first and
13. Two cars move in the same direction along parallel then penetrates 2 cm into wood. If a1 and a2 be the
roads. One of them is a 100 m long travelling with a retardation offered to the bullet by wood and iron
velocity of 7.5 ms $1. How long will it take for the first plates respectively, then
car to overtake the second car? (a) t1 " t2 (b) a2 # 2 a1
(a) 24 s (c) 40 s (c) a1 # a2 (d) data insufficient
(c) 60 s (d) 80 s 20. If the velocity v of a particle moving along a straight
14. A car is moving along a straight road with uniform line decreases linearly with its displacement s from
acceleration. It passes through two points P and Q 20 ms $1 to a value approaching zero at s = 30 m, then
separated by a distance with velocities 30 kmh–1 and acceleration of the particle at s = 15 m is
40 kmh $2 respectively. The velocity of car midway
between P and Q is 20
(a) 33.3 km–1 (b) 1 km–1
(c) 25 2 km–1 (d) 35.35 km–1 v
(in ms–1)
15. A particle starts from the origin and moves along the
X-axis such that the velocity at any instant is given O 30
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u (in m)
by 4 t 3 $ 2 t, where t is in second and velocity is in
ms–1. What is the acceleration of the particle when it 2 –2 2 20 20
(a) ms (b) $ ms–2 (c) ms–2 (d) $ ms–2
is 2 m from the origin? 3 3 3 3
(a) 10 ms–2 (b) 12 ms–2 21. The velocity of a particle moving in a straight line
(c) 22 ms–2 (d) 28 ms–2 varies with time in such a manner that v versus t
16. The retardation experienced by a moving motor boat, graph is velocity is vm and the total time of motion is t0
dv
after its engine is cut-off, is given by # $ kv 3, v
dt
where k is a constant. If v0 is the magnitude of the
velocity at cut-off, the magnitude of the velocity at vm
time t after the cut-off is
v0 t
(a) v 0 (b) t0
2 !
v0 (i) Average velocity of the particle is vm
(c) v 0 e $kt (d) 4
2v20 kt " 1 (ii) Such motion cannot be realized in practical terms
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(a) Only (i) is correct 28. The engine of a train can impart a maximum
(b) Only (ii) is correct acceleration of 1 ms–2 and the brakes can give a
(c) Both (i) and (ii) are correct maximum retardation of 3 ms–2. The least time
(d) Both (i) and (ii) are wrong during which a train can go from one place to the
22. A police van moving on a highway with a speed of other place at a distance of 1.2 km is nearly
30 km/h fires a bullet at a thief’s car speeding away in (a) 108 s (b) 191 s
the same direction with a speed of 192 km/h . If the (c) 56.6 s (d) time is fixed
muzzle speed of the bullet is 150 m/s, with what speed 29. The acceleration of a particle increasing linearly with
does the bullet hit the thief’s car? (Note Obtain that time t is bt. The particle starts from the origin with
speed which is relevant for damaging the thief’s car. an initial velocity v0 . The distance travelled by the
[NCERT] particle in time t will be
(a) 105 m/s (b) 100 m/s 1 3 1 2
(a) v 0 t " bt (b) v 0 t " bt
(c) 95 m/s (d) 110 m/s 6 6
1 1
23. A particle starts from rest and travels a distance s (c) v 0 t " bt3 (d) v 0 t " bt2
3 3
with uniform acceleration, then it travels a distance
2s with uniform speed, finally it travels a distance 3s
with uniform retardation and comes to rest. If the
Graphical Representation
complete motion of the particle in a straight line 30. The displacement-time graph of a moving particle is
then the ratio of its average velocity to maximum shown below. The instantaneous velocity of the
velocity in particle is negative at the point
(a) 6/7 (b) 4/5 (c) 3/5 (d) 2/5 D
24. A particle moving in a straight line with uniform
Displacement
2 3 4
26. Three particles start from the origin at the same –10
time, one with a velocity v1 along x-axis, the second –20
along the y-axis with a velocity v2 and the third along (a) 20 m (b) 40 m (c) 80 m (d) 100 m
x # y line. The velocity of the third so that the three
32. The displacement-time graphs of two moving
may always lie on the same line is
particles make angles of 30° and 45° with the x-axis.
v1v2 2 v1v2 3 v1v2
(a) (b) (c) (d) zero The ratio of the two velocities is
v1 " v2 v1 " v2 v1 " v2
[NCERT Exemplar]
(a) The displacement in time T must always take
non-negative values
(b) The displacement x in time T satisfies $ v 0 T & x & v 0T 30°
45°
(c) The acceleration is always a non-negative number Time
(d) The motion has no turning points (a) 3 : 1 (b) 1 : 1 (c) 1 : 2 (d) 1 : 3
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Kinematics
33. A rocket is fired upwards. Its engine explodes fully is 37. The given graph shows the u
12 s. The height reached by the rocket as calculated variation of velocity with v0
from its velocity-time graph is displacement. Which one of the
1200 graph given below correctly
represents the variation of x0
x
acceleration with displacement?
v (in ms)–1
a a
(a) (b)
x x
12 t (in s) 132
(a) 1200 × 66 m (b) 1200 × 132 m
1200 a a
(c) m (d) 1200 × 122 m
12
34. v-t graph for a particle is v (m/s) (c) (d)
x
as shown. The distance
8
travelled in the first 4 s is
(a) 12 m 4 38. A ball A is thrown up vertically with a speed u and at
(b) 16 m the same instant another ball B is released from a
(c) 20 m height h. At time t, the speed of A relative to B is
(d) 24 m 0 2 4 6 t (s) (a) u (b) 2u
35. The velocity-time graph of a (c) u $ gt (d) (u2 $ gt )
body is shown in figure. The C 39. A body falls freely from rest. It covers as much
ratio of the ..... during the
distance in the last second of its motion as covered in
intervals OA and AB is ..... v
the first three seconds. The body has fallen for a time
(a) average velocities : 2 60° 30°
O of
OA 1 A t B
(b) : (a) 3 s (b) 5 s
AB 3
(c) 7 s (d) 9 s
(c) average accelerations, same as distances covered
1 40. Rain is falling vertically with a speed of 30 m/s. A
(d) distances covered :
2 woman rides a bicycle with a speed of 10 m/s in the
north to south direction. What is the direction in
36. Figure shows the acceleration-time graphs of a
which she should hold her umbrella? [NCERT]
particle. Which of the following represents the
corresponding velocity-time graphs? (a) 18° with vertical (b) 18° with horizontal
(c) 28° with vertical (d) 28° with horizontal
41. A ball P is dropped vertically and another ball Q is
a thrown horizontally with the same velocities from
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43. A ball is thrown vertically upwards. It was observed 50. A body thrown vertically upward with an initial
at a height h twice with a time a interval )t the initial velocity u reaches maximum height in 6 second. The
velocity of the ball is ratio of the distances travelled by the body in the first
* g)t -
2 second and seventh second is
(a) 8 gh " g2 ( )t )2 (b) 8 gh " , / (a) 1 : 1 (b) 11 : 1 (c) 1 : 2 (d) 1 : 11
+ 2 .
2
(c) 1 / 2 8 gh " g ( )t ) 2 2
(d) 8 gh " 4 g ( )t ) 2 51. A juggler keeps on moving four balls in the air throws
the balls in regular interval of time. When one ball
44. A frictionless wire AB is fixed on a sphere of radius R. leaves his hand (speed = 20 ms $1), the position of
A very small spherical ball slips on this wire the time other ball will be (Take g = 10 ms $2 )
taken by this ball to slip from A to B is (a) 10 m, 20 m, 10 m (b) 15 m, 20 m, 15 m
(c) 5 m, 15 m, 20 m (d) 5 m, 10 m, 20 m
2 gR
(a) A
52. The velocity-time graph of a particle in
g cos 0
cos 0 θ one-dimensional motion is shown in figure. Which of
(b) 2 gR the following formulae are correct for describing the
g B O motion of the particle over the time interval t1 to t2 .
R
(c) 2 v
g
gR C
(d)
g cos 0
clear a window 2 m high at a distance 10 m below the 53. Water drops fall from a tap on the floor 5 m below at
top in nearly regular intervals of time, the first drop striking the
(a) 1 s (b) 1.3 s (c) 0.6 s (d) 0.13 s floor when the fifth drop begins to fall. The height
48. A stone is allowed to fall from the top of a tower at which the third drop will be, from ground, at
100 m high and at the same time another stone is the instant when first drop strikes the ground, will be
projected vertically upwards from the ground with a (g = 10 ms–2)
velocity of 254 ms $1. The two stones will meet after (a) 1.25 m (b) 2.15 m
(a) 4 s (b) 0.4 s (c) 0.04 s (d) 40 s (c) 2.73 m (d) 3.75 m
49. From a balloon rising vertically upwards at 5 m/s a 54. From an elevated point A, a stone is projected
stone is thrown up at 10 m/s relative to the balloon. vertically upwards. When the stone reaches a
Its velocity with respect to ground after 2 s is (assume distance h below A, its velocity is double of what was
g # 10 m /s2 ) at a height above A? The greatest height attained by
(a) 0 (b) 20 m/s the stone is
h 2h h 5h
(c) 10 m/s (d) 5 m/s (a) (b) (c) (d)
3 2 2 3
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Kinematics
55. A ball is thrown vertically upwards from the top of a 63. A particle covers 4 m, 5 m, 6 m and 7 m in 3rd, 4th,
tower of height h with velocity v. The ball strikes the 5th and 6th second respectively. The particle starts
ground after (a) with an initial non-zero velcoity and moves with uniform
v 1 2 gh 4 v 1 2 gh 4 acceleration
(a) 31 " 1 " 2 6 (b) 31 " 1 $ 2 6 (b) from rest and moves with uniform velocity
g 2 v 5 g 2 v 5
1 /2 1 /2 (c) with an initial velocity and moves with uniform velcoity
v * 2 gh - v * 2 gh - (d) from rest and moves with uniform acceleration
(c) ,1 " 2 / (d) ,1 $ 2 /
g + v . g + v . 11
64. A balls is released from the top of a tower travels of
56. A body freely falling from rest has a velocity v after it 36
falls through distance h. The distance it has to fall the height of the tower in the last second of its
down further for its velocity to become double is journey. The height of the tower is (Take g = 10 ms $2 )
(a) h (b) 2 h (c) 3 h (d) 4 h (a) 11 m (b) 36 m
(c) 47 m (d) 180 m
57. Two balls A and B are thrown simultaneously from
the top of a tower. A is thrown vertically up with a
speed of 4 ms–1. B is thrown vertically down with a Relative Motion
speed of 4 ms–1. The ball A and B hit the ground with 65. At a metro station, a girl walks up a stationary
speed v A and vB respectively. Then, escalator in time t1. If she remains stationary on the
(a) v A & v B (b) v A ' v B (c) v A 7 v B (d) v A # v B escalator, then the escalator take her up in time t2 .
58. A particle starting from rest falls from a certain The time taken by her to walk up on the moving
height. Assuming that the value of acceleration due escalator will be [NCERT Exemplar]
to gravity remains the same throughout motion, its (a) (t1 " t2 )/2 (b) t1t2 /(t2 $ t1 )
displacements in three successive half second (c) t1t2 /(t2 " t1 ) (d) t1 $ t2
intervals are S1, S2 , S3. Then, 66. A 120 m long train is moving in a direction with speed
(a) S1 : S2 : S3 # 1 : 5 : 9 (b) S1 : S2 : S3 # 1 : 2 : 3 20 m/s. A train B moving with 30 m/s in the opposite
(c) S1 : S2 : S3 # 1 : 1 : 1 (d) S1 : S2 : S3 # 1 : 3 : 5 direction and 130 m long crosses the first train in a
59. A ball thrown upward from the top of a tower with time.
speed v reaches the ground in t1 second. If this ball is (a) 6 s (b) 36 s
thrown downward from the top of the same tower (c) 38 s (d) None of these
with speed v it reaches the ground in t2 second. In 67. For a body moving with relative speed of the velocity
what time the ball shall reach the ground if it is is doubled, then
allowed to falls freely under gravity from the top of
(a) its linear momentum is doubled
the tower?
(b) its linear momentum will be less than doubled
t1 " t2 t1 $ t2
(a) (b) (c) t1t2 (d) t1 " t2 (c) its linear momentum will be more than doubled
2 2
(d) its linear momentum remains unchanged
60. A ball is dropped on the floor from a height of 10 m. It 68. An express train is moving with a velocity v1 its driver
rebounds to a height of 2.5 m. If the ball is in contact
finds another train is moving on the same track in
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70. A man wants to reach point B (a) east-north direction (b) west-north direction
B on the opposite bank of a (c) south-east direction (d) None of the above
river flowing at a speed as 78. A boat crosses a river from part A to part B which are
u
shown in figure. What just on opposite side. The speed of the water is vw and
minimum speed relative to 45°
that of boat is vb relative to still water. Assume
water should the man have vb # 2 vw . What is the time taken by the boat? If it has
A
so that he can reach point B? to cross the river directly on the AB line.
(a) u 2 (b) u / 2 (c) 2u (d) u /2 2D 3D D D 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
71. A steam boat goes across a lake and comes back (i) on vb 3 2 vb vb 2 vb
a quiet day when the water is still and (ii) on a rough 79. Two cars A and B are moving with same speed of
day when there is a uniform current so as to help the 45 km/h along same direction. If a third car C coming
journey onwards and to impede the journey back. If from the opposite direction with a speed of 36 km/h
the speed of the launch on both days was same, the meets two cars in an interval of 5 minutes. The
time required for complete journey on the rough day, distance between cars A and B should be (in km)
as compared to the quiet day will be (a) 6.75 (b) 7.25 (c) 5.55 (d) 8.35
(a) more (b) less
(c) same (d) None of these 80. Two trains A and B of length 400 m each are moving
on two parallel tracks with a uniform speed of
72. Two trains travelling on the same track are 72 km/h in the same direction, with A ahead of B. The
approaching each other with equal speeds of 40 ms–1. driver of B decides to overtake A and accelerates by
The drivers of the trains begin to decelerate 1 m/s2 . If after 50 s, the guard of B just brushes past
simultaneously when they are just 2 km apart. If the the driver of A, what was the original distance
decelerations are both uniform and equal, then between them? [NCERT]
the value of deceleration to barely avoid collision
(a) 1250 m (b) 1350 m
should be
(c) 1450 m (d) None of these
(a) 0.8 ms–2 (b) 2.1 ms–2 (c) 11.0 ms–2 (d) 13.2 ms–2
81. On a two lane road, car A is travelling with a speed of
73. A 210 m long train is moving due North at a speed of 36 km/h. Two cars B and C approach car A in opposite
25 m/s. A small bird is flying due South, a little above
directions with a speed of 54 km/h each. At a certain
the train with speed 5 m/s. The time taken by the bird
instant, when the distance AB is equal to AC, both
to cross the train is
being 1 km, B decides to overtake A before C does. In
(a) 6 s (b) 7 s (c) 9 s (d) 10 s
this case, the acceleration of car B is required to avoid
74. A police jeep is chasing with velocity of 45 km/h a an accident [NCERT]
theif in another jeep moving with velocity 153 km/h. (a) 1m / s2 (b) 0.1m / s2 (c) 1.9 m / s2 (d) 0.2m / s2
Police fires a bullet with muzzle velocity of 180 m/s.
The velocity with which is will strike of the car of the 82. A passenger arriving in a new town wishes to go from
thief is the station to a hotel located 10 km away on a
(a) 150 m/s (b) 27 m/s (c) 450 m/s (d) 250 m/s straight road from the station. A dishonest cabman
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