Psle Ws p6 Adaptations Lesson 2 Oeqs On Adaptations

Lesson 2 – Adaptations OEQs
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Name: Olivia Martono
Marks: / 29
Structured questions
1) Animal K is found in the rivers of the rainforests. It hunts its prey by attacking animals that cross the
rivers. There are blood-sucking leeches in the rivers and will stick to the mouth of animal K.
Animal Z feeds on the leeches found in the mouth of animal K. Animal K does not harm animal Z.
Animal K Animal Z
(a) How does animal K and animal Z benefit from living near each other? (2 marks)
Benefit to animal K: Animal K does not have to suffer from the leeches.
Benefit to animal Z: The leeches re a food source for animal Z.
(b) State the type of adaptation of animal K when animal Z is in in its mouth but does not eat it.
(1 mark)
To survive in harsh environment and make compromises.
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2) The animal uses its beak to scoop up water and strain it to trap swimming organisms on the water
surface.
Animal K Animal Z
(a) Which animal (K or Z) fits the description above? (1 mark)
Animal Z.
(b) Based on the two diagrams above, which animal, K or Z, is most likely fly at a faster speed?
Explain your answer. (2 marks)
State the
adaptation:
Explain how the

adaptation
affects the
animal:
End result:
Animal Z. Animal Z has a sharp beak. The sharp beak allows Animal Z to have a
streamlined body shape that reduces the air resistance between the surrounding air
and Animal Z, resulting in animal Z being able to fly faster.
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3) The animal hunt fishes. When the animal has spotted underwater predators, it will swim to the
nearest river bank and swim out of the water for safety.
Animal K Animal Z
Which animal (K or Z) fits the description above? (1 mark)
Animal Z.
-3-
4) Study the two diagrams below.
Closely packed Thick layer of

furs fats
Otter Sea lion
Explain how does the adaptation of each animal helps them to stay warm in the freezing water?
(2 marks)
State the Otter:

adaptation:
Explain how the

adaptation
affects:
End result:
See next page.
-4-
State the Sea lion:

adaptation:
Explain how the

adaptation
affects:
End result:
The closely packed hair on the otter traps more air in between each hair. Air is a poor conductor
of heat that does not conduct heat from the otter's body into the surrounding air quickly. The fats
on the sea lion's body are poor conductors of heat that not only insulate the sea lion's body heat
but also conduct the heat from the sea lion's body into the surrounding air at a much slower rate.
-5-
5) The diagram below shows an animal living in the cold regions.
Sharp beak
Closely packed
furs
Flippers
Webbed feet
(a) Based on the diagram above, is the animal a plant eater or animal eater? Explain your
answer. (1 mark)
State the
adaptation:
Explain how the

adaptation
affects:
End result:
An animal eater. The animal has a sharp beak that is useful for catching prey and
puncturing them. Hence, it is an animal eater.
-6-
(b) Explain how does the closely packed furs help the animal to survive? Give two functions.
(2 marks)
State the
adaptation:
Explain how the

adaptation
affects:
End result:
1) The closely packed furs insulate the animal's body heat and allows it to stay warm.
2) The closely packed furs protect the animal from the harsh environment around it.
(c) In the cold night, the animals tend to stay close to each another.
Is the above adaptation a structural or behavioural adaptation? (1 mark)
Behavioural adaptation.
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(d) Explain how does staying together at night help the species to survive? (1 mark)
State the
adaptation:
Explain how the

adaptation
affects:
End result:
Staying together decreases each animal's exposed surface area in contact with the
surroundings, allowing them to lose heat at a slower rate and stay warmer.
-8-
6) The image below shows a deer. Deer is a herbivore. They mainly stick in large groups when
finding food.
(a) Explain how does the thorns help the deer to survive? (1 mark)
State the
adaptation:
Explain how the

adaptation
affects:
End result:
The thorns are the deer's self-defense mechanism that allows the deer to stab and poke
at predators who attempt to eat it, allowing it to fend off the predators and maybe even kill
them.
-9-
(b) Explain how does sticking together help the deer to survive? (1 mark)
State the
adaptation:
Explain how the

adaptation
affects:
End result:
Sticking together (herding) makes it more difficult for predators to target the deer due to the
sheer size of the group. This allows the deer to have a better chance of surviving attacks.
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7) David conducted an experiment using two identical paper cups. Both contain hot water.
Cup Z has a cardboard surrounding the paper cup. The cardboard has ripples around it.
Hand surface
touching the
ripples
Cup Y Cup Z
(a) After some time, David found he could hold onto Cup Z for a longer period of time. Explain why?
(2 marks)
there were ripples on the paper cup that trapped air. As air is a poor conductor of heat, it
conducted the heat from the drink to David's hand at a slower rate, allowing David to hold
on to Cup Z for a longer period of time.
- 11 -
(b) Animal K lives in the desert. During hot days, the san gets very hot and animal K has to lift one
of its front and back legs at the same time. This is repeated with the other two legs. Based on
the results of David’s experiment, explain how this behaviour helps animal K to survive in the
desert? (2 marks)
Animal K
This allows animal K to have a lesser surface area in contact with the ground, allowing it to
gain heat from the hotter ground at a much slower rate, helping it to keep cool.
- 12 -
8) Study the diagram showing organism Z living with the corals. Organism Z has the ability
to change the colour of its skin.
Organism Z
Explain how the above adaptation helps organism Z to have a better chance of survival?
Give two advantages. (2 marks)
1)Organism Z is able to camoflouge and hide from predators to prevent getting eaten.
2)Organism Z can seek shelter in the corals to be protected from the harsh environment
around it.
- 13 -
9) Adam set up an experiment to find out about rate of heat loss. 2 similar towels, J and K
are placed on 2 similar blocks of ice. Towel K was folded before being replaced on the
block of ice. The amount of time taken for the towels to reach a temperature of 5oC was
noted down.
Blocks of
Towel J ice Towel K
(a) Which towel took a shorter time to reach a temperature of 5oC? Explain your answer. (2 marks)
Towel J has a greater exposed surface area in contact with the ice block, allowing it to lose
heat to it and reach the temperature of 5 degrees at a faster rate.
(b) The diagram below shows a penguin standing on a ice.
Feet
Ice
Penguins do not usually lie down. Most of the time, they sleep while standing up on their two
feet on the cold ice. Why does the penguin spend more time standing on its two feet? (2 marks)
This decreases the exposed surface area the penguin has in contact with the cooler ice,
allowing it to lose heat to the ice at a slower rate and stay warm.
- 14 -
10) A grizzly bear has a thick layer of fur to keep itself warm in a cold environment. When
the bear climbs out of the water onto dry land, it shakes its entire body to remove the
water trapped in its fur, as shown below.
(a) Based on the description above, state if it is a structural or behavioural adaptation. (1 mark)
structural adaptation.
(b) Explain how the above help the bear in keeping warm? (2 marks)
State the
adaptation:
Explain
how the
adaptation
affects:
End result:
The closely packed hair traps more air in between each hair. Air is a poor conductor of
heat that does not conduct heat from the bear's body into the surrounding air quickly,
allowing it to keep warm.
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Lesson 2 – Adaptations OEQs

Name: Olivia Martono

Benefit to animal Z: The leeches re a food source for animal Z.

To survive in harsh environment and make compromises.

(a) Which animal (K or Z) fits the description above? (1 mark)

Explain how the

Which animal (K or Z) fits the description above? (1 mark)

4) Study the two diagrams below.

Closely packed Thick layer of

Otter Sea lion

State the Otter:

Explain how the

See next page.

State the Sea lion:

Explain how the

5) The diagram below shows an animal living in the cold regions.

Explain how the

Explain how the

Is the above adaptation a structural or behavioural adaptation? (1 mark)

Explain how the

Explain how the

Explain how the

(b) The diagram below shows a penguin standing on a ice.

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