PROGRAM

DEVELOPMENT REPORT
Name of Developer: Kris Mesler Date: M ay 11, 2008

1.

Overview
Program Title: Grade or age level(s): Major goal: Proportional Reasoning: Using Relationships 7th or 8th grade Pre-Algebra students The students learn to approach the creation of a proportional equation from several different angles and show understanding by creating and calculating proportions based on ratios that are directly proportional.

2.

Program Description
Instructional Objectives: 1. The student will write and solve proportions correctly using the Means and Extremes Property, when given three of the four proportion values. 2. The student will use similar figures to correctly create proportional ratios. 3. The student will create tables to illustrate proportional reasoning. 4. The student will use tables to compute comparative ratios. 5. The student will use calculated proportions to create correlating graphs. 6. The student will use correlating graphs to find other values with the same proportional quantity. 7. The student will apply the knowledge he/she gained about proportions to complete a real-life activity.

Materials: The Proportional Reasoning: Using Relationships unit consists of all the materials needed for instruction and assessment on the unit content and objectives including: Teacher Guide: Contains lesson-by-lesson instructional procedures for the unit and PowerPoint slides, student activity sheets, teacher examples, and student answer keys. Student Materials: The student materials needed for each lesson are included with each lesson plan for ease of teacher use, but could be separated into a student manual, if desired. Student and Teacher activity sheets and PowerPoint slides are provided with the unit. The rest of the materials listed below, must be provided by the school: Access to a computer lab SMARTboard Meter sticks or tape measure with metric Graph paper Paper, pencil Photocopied activity sheets

3.

Tryout
Participants: The participants were 24 8th grade students enrolled in Pre-Algebra at a local charter school in a self-contained classroom.

Process: One instructor presented the materials as described in the Proportional Reasoning: Using Proportions unit Teacher Guide. The instructor guided, with examples, the instruction and discussions with each activity. The instructor then allowed time with each lesson to complete the activity before the next class period. At the conclusion of each lesson, both the students and instructors completed attitude surveys. For purposes of this report, the scores were consolidated in the results, but comments on individual lessons were considered separately. The unit took 3 days to finish, with each day containing more than

one lesson. The instructor was able to add more math time, due to being a selfcontained classroom. Data Source and Collection: The Proportional Reasoning: Using Relationships activities are exercises that require completion of several hands-on activities, activity sheets, graphs, and a culminating real-life activity. These activities are evaluated separately throughout the unit, using a combination of rubrics, class discussions, and demonstrations by students. The activities are evaluated by the criteria presented in Tables 1.07.1. The instructor and student attitude surveys were created to collect field test data beneficial for revision of the program.

4.

Results

Assessment performance: The mean percentage score of the field-test students on the required and enrichment assessments are shown by evaluation criteria component for each lesson in Tables 1.0 7.1. The tables reveal that the students completed the required and enrichment assessment activities with the following mean scores: Required Activity Mean Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7 97% 91.8% 91.8% 80% 96% 99% 88.75% Enrichment Activity Mean 98% 96% 96% 86% 95% 97% 100%

Students scored 80 percent or above in every criteria component of the required activities. Scores on the enrichment activities never dipped below 86%. Students also showed mastery overall, scoring an average of 96.25% on the final assessment.

Student Attitudes: Responses to the student reaction surveys are summarized in Appendix B. The table reveals an overall positive attitude to the unit. 77 percent of all responses fall within the positive categories of agree and strongly agree, including 100 percent of responses to 52 of 70 the lesson questions asked about ten Likert items. The table also indicates that 94 percent of students agreed the content was worthwhile to learn, 98 percent reported they liked the lessons, and 99% said they would be able to apply proportional reasoning in future word problems. All students were willing to add comments in respect to improving the lessons for future use. Teacher Attitudes: The responses of the field-test instructor to the instructor survey are summarized in Appendix A. One-hundred percent of responses from the instructor fell into the agree or strongly agree categories to all items. The instructor averaged strongly agree to the items: There was solid agreement between the instructor and student materials The examples and SMARTboard activities were helpful The assessment was appropriate

The instructor averaged agree to strongly agree to the rest of the items, and would use this unit again. Classroom observation: During the field-testing of the unit students were engaged and showed interest in the material and lessons, with the exception of the latter part of Lesson 4, where students seemed to be tired of working after the first part of the activity. There appeared to be a few terms used during the unit that should have been introduced to the students vocabulary before the lessons began. The majority of the students enjoyed the lessons enough to take advantage of the enrichment activities, including the baking of cookies for the class. The instructor did a great job of following the provided materials, and as a math teacher, was able to fill the gap of new vocabulary from his own knowledge of the subject. Also, the instructor was able to implement great class discussions because of his vast knowledge and experience.

5.

Revisions

A number of revisions to the unit were identified as a result of the field test. A modification indicated by both the instructor and the students was the reduction of work involved in Lesson 4. This revision has not yet been completed, but will easily be done by shortening the length of the activity sheet for Lesson 4. This will give students and teachers more time for interaction during the lesson. A second revision, not yet completed, is the addition of a vocabulary list for each lesson. Several of the questions throughout the unit were due to lack of knowledge of proportion vocabulary, and the instructor and students felt it was a setback to gaining the new knowledge of each lesson. A third revision came from the instructors comments, when he said he would like more topics for class discussion outlined in the lesson procedure during those lessons when class discussions are scheduled to occur. This revision is yet to be completed. None of the three revisions will be too complicated to implement, just time-consuming. The three revisions are currently in process.

Table 1.0 Lesson 1 - Using the Means/Extremes Property Performance on Lesson 1 by Grading Criteria

Criteria Assignment completed on time Figures height measures within 0.5cm of the correct height Table is created correctly and calculations are correct Written explanation shows good thinking and calculations are correct Poster board figure is neat and creative in design Weighted Mean Totals

% Required Activity Mean 100% 100%

% Enrichment Activity* Mean 100% NA

NA

96%

92%

NA

96% 97%

NA 98%

*19 of 24 (79.2%) students completed the enrichment activity

Table 1.1 Lesson 1 - Using the Means/Extremes Property Activity Scoring Rubric

Lesson 1 Baseball Bat Activity Rubric

Assignment completed on time Figures height measures within 0.5cm of the correct height Written explanation shows good thinking and calculations are correct Poster board figure is neat and creative in design TOTAL

Points Possible
1 1 1 1 4

Score

Table 1.2 Lesson 1 - Using the Means/Extremes Property Enrichment Scoring Rubric

Lesson 1 Enrichment Activity Rubric

Assignment completed on time Table is created correctly and calculations are correct TOTAL

Points Possible
1 1 2

Score

Table 2.0 Lesson 2 - Creating Proportional Ratios Performance on Lesson 2 by Grading Criteria Criteria Assignment completed on time Fulfill team role Share information Listen to other teammates Cooperate with teammates Calculates three other heights using the Shadow Method Student writes report on findings Weighted Mean Totals % Required Activity Mean 100% 100% 92% 79% 88% NA NA 91.8% % Enrichment Activity* Mean 100% NA NA NA NA 100% 87% 96%

*23 of 24 (96%) students completed the enrichment activity

Table 2.1 Lesson 2 - Creating Proportional Ratios Activity Scoring Rubric

Lesson 2 0 points Activity Rubric

Com pletion of Assignm ent (Scored by teacher) Fulfill team role

1 point
Completed less than 1/2 of the assignment Performs little duties

2 points 3 points
Completed more than 1/2 of the assignment Performs nearly all duties Completed all of the assignment Performs all of assigned team duties

Total points

Did not complete assignment Does not perform any of assigned duties Does not relay any information to teammates

Share inform ation

Listen to other team m ates

Cooperate with team m ates

Relays very Relays Relays a little some basic great deal information- informationof some most informationrelates to relates to all relates the topic the topic to the topic Is always Usually Listens but Listens and talkingdoing most sometimes speaks a never of the talks too fair amount allows talkingmuch anyone rarely else to allows speak others to speak Usually Sometimes Rarely Never argues with argues argues argues teammates TOTAL SCORE=

Table 2.2 Lesson 2 - Creating Proportional Ratios Enrichment Scoring Rubric

Lesson 2 Enrichment Activity Rubric

Assignm ent com pleted on tim e Calculates three other heights using the Shadow Method Student writes report on findings

0 or 1 pt.

Points Scored

TOTAL SCORE=

10

Table 3.0 Lesson 3 - Creating Tables Performance on Lesson 3 by Grading Criteria Criteria Assignment completed on time Fulfill team role Share information Listen to other teammates Cooperate with teammates Calculates three other heights using the Shadow Method Student writes report on findings Weighted Mean Totals % Required Activity Mean 100% 100% 92% 79% 88% NA NA 91.8% % Enrichment Activity* Mean 100% NA NA NA NA 100% 87% 96%

*23 of 24 (96%) students completed the enrichment activity

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Table 3.1 Lesson 3 Creating Tables Group Work Scoring Rubric

Lesson 3 0 points Activity Rubric

Com pletion of Assignm ent (Scored by teacher) Fulfill team role

1 point
Completed less than 1/2 of the assignment Performs little duties

2 points 3 points
Completed more than 1/2 of the assignment Performs nearly all duties Completed all of the assignment Performs all of assigned team duties

Total points

Did not complete assignment Does not perform any of assigned duties Does not relay any information to teammates

Share inform ation

Listen to other team m ates

Cooperate with team m ates

Relays very Relays Relays a little some basic great deal information- informationof some most informationrelates to relates to all relates the topic the topic to the topic Is always Usually Listens but Listens and talkingdoing most sometimes speaks a never of the talks too fair amount allows talkingmuch anyone rarely else to allows speak others to speak Usually Sometimes Rarely Never argues with argues argues argues teammates TOTAL SCORE=

12

Table 3.2 Lesson 3 Creating Tables Enrichment Scoring Rubric

Lesson 3 Enrichment Activity Rubric

Assignm ent com pleted on tim e Com pleted room m easurem ents Calculates paint quantity correctly

0 or 1 pt.

Points Scored

TOTAL SCORE=

13

Table 4.0 Lesson 4 Using Tables to Compute Ratios Performance on Lesson 4 by Grading Criteria Criteria Completion of assignment Correctness of assignment Volunteer to display exercises on board Completed ratios of other family members Obtained info on previous centuries and created Vitruvian ratios Weighted Mean Totals % Required Activity Mean 79% 79% 83% NA NA 80% % Enrichment Activity* Mean 100% NA NA 100% 58% 86%

*14 of 24 (58%) students completed the enrichment activity

14

Table 4.1 Lesson 4 Using Tables to Compute Ratios Activity Scoring Rubric

Lesson 4 Activity Rubric

Com pletion of assignm ent Correctness of assignm ent Volunteer to display answers on board

0 points
Did not complete assignment None of assignment was done correctly Did not volunteer

1 point
Completed less than 1/2 of the assignment Less than 1/2 of assignment was done correctly Volunteered at least once

2 points
Completed more than 1/2 of the assignment More than 1/2 of assignment was done correctly Volunteered more than once TOTAL SCORE =

3 points
Completed all of the assignment All of the assignment was done correctly Volunteered numerous times

Table 4.2 Lesson 4 Using Tables to Compute Ratios Enrichment Scoring Rubric

Lesson 4 Enrichment Rubric

Com pletion of assignm ent Com pleted ratios of other fam ily m em bers Obtained info on previous centuries and created Vitruvian ratios

0 or 1 point

Points Scored

TOTAL SCORE =

15

Table 5.0 Lesson 5 Creating Correlating Graphs Performance on Lesson 5 by Grading Criteria Criteria Completion of assignment Correctness of assignment Volunteer to display exercises on board Correct Creation of Direct Proportion Word Problem Correct Creation of Table and Graph Weighted Mean Totals % Required Activity Mean 96% 92% 100% NA NA 96% % Enrichment Activity* Mean 100% NA NA 100% 86% 95%

*21 of 24 (87.5%) students completed the enrichment activity

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Table 5.1 Lesson 5 Creating Correlating Graphs Activity Scoring Rubric

Lesson 5 Activity Rubric

Com pletion of assignm ent Correctness of assignm ent Volunteer to display answers on board

0 points
Did not complete assignment None of assignment was done correctly Did not volunteer

1 point
Completed less than 1/2 of the assignment Less than 1/2 of assignment was done correctly Volunteered at least once

2 points
Completed more than 1/2 of the assignment More than 1/2 of assignment was done correctly Volunteered more than once TOTAL SCORE =

3 points
Completed all of the assignment All of the assignment was done correctly Volunteered numerous times

Table 5.2 Lesson 5 Creating Correlating Graphs Enrichment Scoring Rubric

Lesson 5 Enrichment Rubric

Completion of assignment Correct Creation of Direct Proportion Word Problem Correct Creation of Table and Graph

0 or 1 point

Points Scored

TOTAL SCORE =

17

Table 6.0 Lesson 6 Finding Other Proportional Values Performance on Lesson 6 by Grading Criteria Criteria Completion of assignment Correctness of assignment Volunteer to display exercises on board Correct Creation of Direct Proportion of Gas Prices Correct Creation of Graph of Gas Prices Weighted Mean Totals % Required Activity Mean 100% 100% 96% NA NA 99% % Enrichment Activity* Mean 100% NA NA 100% 92% 97%

*21 of 24 (87.5%) students completed the enrichment activity

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Table 6.1 Lesson 6 - Finding Other Proportional Values Activity Scoring Rubric

Lesson 6 Activity Rubric

Com pletion of assignm ent Correctness of assignm ent Volunteer to display answers on board

0 points
Did not complete assignment None of assignment was done correctly Did not volunteer

1 point
Completed less than 1/2 of the assignment Less than 1/2 of assignment was done correctly Volunteered at least once

2 points
Completed more than 1/2 of the assignment More than 1/2 of assignment was done correctly Volunteered more than once TOTAL SCORE=

3 points
Completed all of the assignment All of the assignment was done correctly Volunteered numerous times

Table 6.2 Lesson 6 - Finding Other Proportional Values Enrichment Scoring Rubric

Lesson 6 Enrichment Rubric

Completion of assignment Correct Creation of Direct Proportion of Gas Prices Correct Creation of Graph of Gas Prices

0 or 1 point

Points Scored

TOTAL SCORE =

19

Table 7.0 Lesson 7 Christmas Cookie Caper Web Quest Performance on Lesson 7 by Grading Criteria Criteria Did you follow directions? Does your spreadsheet reflect the quantities of ingredients in the recipes? Is your shopping list complete and correct? How did you rate in your contribution and participation in your group?** Extra Credit: Did you make and bring to class cookies from one of your project recipes? Weighted Mean Totals % Required Activity Mean 96% 92% 79% 88% % Enrichment Activity* Mean NA NA NA NA

NA 88.75%

100% 100%

*9 of 24 (37.5%) students completed the enrichment activity **student will use the group work rubric from Lesson 6 to receive score for this section (teacher will calculate the score after group input)

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Table 7.1 Lesson 7 Christmas Cookie Caper Web Quest Activity and Enrichment Scoring Rubric

Lesson 7 Activity and Enrichment Rubric

Did you follow directions? (25 pts.) Does your spreadsheet reflect the quantities of ingredients in the recipes? (25 pts.) Is your shopping list complete and correct? (25 pts.) How did you rate in your contribution and participation in your group? (25 pts.)
Extra Credit: Did you make and bring to class cookies from one of your project recipes?

Excellent 90 100%

Adequate 70 89%

Insufficient 0 69%

Followed all of the directions

Followed most of the directions

Did not follow directions

Calculations and graphs are done correctly

Most of the calculations were done correctly; graph was completed correctly

Most of the calculations were incorrect and/or graph was done incorrectly

Compiled list was orderly and calculated correctly

Compiled list was somewhat orderly and mostly calculated correctly

List was in disarray or most calculations were done incorrectly

Rated highly by the members of the team

Rated somewhat highly by the members of the team

Rated poorly by the members of the team

(15 pts.)

Made and brought cookies to class from project recipe

Did not make and bring cookies to class from project recipe

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Table 8.0 Final Assessment Range Scores 0 - 59% # students 60 69% 70 79% 1 80 89% 3 90 100% 20

Average Score for final assessment = 96.25%

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Appendix A Instructor Survey Please do not write your name on this survey. Your responses to the following items will be used to evaluate and improve the instructional lesson. Please circle your response to each statement. SA - Strongly Agree SD Strongly Disagree SA 1.The instructor materials were well organized. Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7 2. There was solid agreement between the instructor and student materials. Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7 3. I received adequate instruction for teaching the lesson. Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7 4. The content was Lesson 1 Lesson 2 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% A N D SD A Agree N neutral D disagree

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worthwhile to learn.

Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7

100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

5. The practice materials helped the students learn.

Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7

6. The examples and SMARTboard activities were helpful.

Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7

7. The stepby-step directions were clear.

Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7

8. The assessment was appropriate.

Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5

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Lesson 6 Lesson 7 FINAL Assessment 9. I liked the lesson. Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7 10. I would use this lesson again. Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7 11. What could be done to improve the lesson? Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3

100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Lesson was fine as is Fun outside activity! Could use a vocabulary word list. Add or change example to use decimal quantities instead of whole amounts. The activities took more time than was allotted. The first activity was enough to get the point across. Also, on recording sheet, the measurements will be easier to calculate if they are in cm, not inches. A vocabulary list would help with this lesson. Also, some topics for class discussion would help in my leading the discussion. Lesson was done before time allotted. Timeframe needs to be adjusted. Great idea for a real-life lesson! Students were very involved with the lesson!

Lesson 4

Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7

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Appendix B Participant Survey Please do not write your name on this survey. Your responses to the following items will be used to evaluate and improve the instructional lesson. Please circle your response to each statement. SA - Strongly Agree SD Strongly Disagree SA 1.The student materials were well organized. Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7 2. I understood what I was supposed to learn. Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7 3. The content was worthwhile to learn. Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7 80% 87% 90% 75% 75% 80% 96% 78% 85% 92% 80% 72% 79% 90% 74% 81% 79% 7% 68% 74% 94% A 20% 13% 10% 13% 25% 16% 4% 22% 15% 8% 12% 16% 21% 10% 26% 15% 13% 65% 32% 22% 6% 4% 4% 8% 28% 8% 12% 4% 12% N D SD A Agree N neutral D disagree

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4. The teaching method was a good way for me to learn.

Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7

92% 88% 75% 72% 81% 85% 92% 96% 89% 75% 90% 89% 86% 96% 85% 88% 81% 78% 90% 96% 74% 88% 90% 82% 48% 89% 84% 100% 90% 80% 78%

8% 12% 25% 28% 19% 15% 8% 4% 11% 25% 10% 11% 14% 4% 15% 12% 15% 18% 10% 4% 18% 12% 10% 10% 40% 11% 16% 10% 20% 18% 4% 8% 12% 8% 4% 4%

5. The lesson provided enough practice.

Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7

6. The examples and SMARTboard activities were helpful.

Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7

7. The stepby-step directions were clear.

Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7

8. I learned something new about

Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3

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proportions.

Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7

35% 89% 74% 87% 96% 80% 75% 70% 92% 72% 96% 96% 88% 78% 70% 88% 92% 96%

61% 11% 18% 13% 4% 20% 25% 14% 8% 28% 4% 4% 12% 22% 22% 12% 8% 4%

4% 8%

9. I liked the lesson about proportions.

Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7

8%

8%

10. I would be able to use proportions successfully in the future.

Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7

8%

11. What could be done to improve the lesson?

Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7

Really liked the demonstration with the bats (13) Loved going outside (18) Didnt know for sure what to do with decimals in proportion (13) The activities were too long (14) Had trouble with measurements when trying to find the ratio amount (19) Didnt understand some of the words they were using (5) Had lots of time left over to goof off (7) Pretty easy (9) Loved it! The assignment took quite a bit of time, but liked it. (16)

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