Programmable logic controller (PLC) –
Kuliah 4
OLEH: AULIA ISTIQOMAH, SST., M.T
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNOLOGI REKAYASA OTOMASI
SEKOLAH VOKASI - UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO
Input Output PLC
Digital PLC Inputs Digital PLC Outputs
Start/Stop Push Buttons: These devices function either Relay PLC Outputs: These are voltage-independent PLC
by making or breaking contact. They are thus categorized outputs, which can be used to control both AC (Alternating
as Normally Open (NO) or Normally Closed (NC). Current) and DC (Direct Current) field output devices. They
have five contacts, of which two are for power supply and
the other three include: COM (Common), NC (Normally
Closed), and NO (Normally Open).
Selector Switches: Selector switches are not only Transistor PLC Outputs: These are voltage-dependent
Normally Closed or Normally Open, but they have more PLC outputs that can only control DC loads. PLCs using
than two contacts to select from. They are operated transistor outputs are normally utilized in switching
manually by turning either a rotary knob or lever to operations that require faster switching speeds like
choose one of the many available positions. controlling lights, and in low-power DC circuits such as
inside microprocessors.
Proximity Sensors: They are normally used to detect the TRIAC PLC Outputs: Triac outputs are mainly used to
presence or absence of different objects in a nearby control low-power AC loads such as lighting systems,
locality without making contact. They provide binary motor starters, and contactors.
output- HIGH or LOW. Different target objects are
detected by different types of proximity sensors i.e.
capacitive or inductive proximity sensors.
Relay
Relay adalah sebuah komponen elektronika yang berbentuk saklar yang dioperasikan dengan listrik,
dilengkapi 2 bagian diantaranya elektromagnet (Coil) dan mekanikal (Switch). Dimana komponen tersebut
memanfaatkan prinsip elektromagnetik untuk dapat menggerakkan saklar sehingga dapat menghantarkan
arus listrik.
Pemasangan Relay
Waktu Siklus PLC
Waktu yang diperlukan untuk satu siklus penuh dari
Common Processing hingga Peripheral Servicing disebut
dengan waktu siklus (cycle time).
Inisialisasi Startup
Menginisialisasi perangkat keras, memeriksa memori data.
Pemrosesan Umum
memeriksa baterai, bus I/O, dan memori program.
Eksekusi Program
adalah mengeksekusi program.
I/O Refreshing
menukar dan mengecek data antara unit Input/Output dan
unit memori I/O yang telah diolah oleh CPU.
Layanan Periferal
menjalankan permintaan dari perlengkapan yang
disambungkan ke port periferal dan serial serta layanan
lain.
Waktu Siklus PLC
PLC tidak dapat mendeteksi sinyal masukan, bila sinyal yang dikeluarkan oleh perangkat masukan
itu lebih pendek dari waktu siklus PLC.
https://plc.mipa.ugm.ac.id/komponen-dan-prinsip-kerja-plc/
Waktu Siklus PLC
Waktu Siklus PLC
The cycle time includes time for overhead processing (self-diagnosis), execution of user programs,
I/O refreshing and peripheral servicing.
• When the cycle time is long, the cycle for exchanging data with outside of the PLC and the I/O
response time are also longer, making it impossible to receive an input signal that is shorter than
the cycle time.
• When the cycle time is short, I/O response time is also shortened, which allows high speed
processing.
• As the cycle time changes, the command execution cycle and I/O response times also change.
The cycle time can be calculated using the following formula:
Cycle Time = Overhead Processing Time + Total Command Execution Time + I/O Refresh Time +
Peripheral Service Time
Waktu siklus PLC Omron CP1E
Pemrograman PLC
Rangkaian Self-Holding/Latching
Rangkaian yang dirancang agar kondisi output
akan menyala ketika input menyala dan akan
menahan kondisitersebut meskipun inputnya
telah mati
Latching Relay - Keep
Instruksi keep digunakan seperti self holding.
Fungsi ini akan mempertahankan status bit ON
atau OFF sampai ada satu dari dua input yang
meng-set atau reset fungsi tersebut.
Latihan Soal
Terdapat sebuah kasus seperti berikut ini:
1. Sensor ultrasonik dan sensor photoelectric digunakan untuk mendeteksi kendaraan yang akan melewati
suatu gerbang.
2. Ketika sensor ultrasonik switch mendeteksi mobil yang akan masuk, maka akan mentrigger motor untuk
menggerakkan gerbang untuk terbuka.
3. Sensor lain yaitu sensor photoelectric digunakan untuk mentrigger motor kedua untuk menggerakkan
gerbang untuk menutup kembali.
Buatlah :
a) Pengalamatan I/O
b) Wiring diagram pada PLC
c) Grafik waktu / cycle time
d) Pemrograman laddernya
