Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 19 views

    Computer Architecture

    Uploaded by

    Majeed Gardi
    This document discusses computer architecture and its categories. It covers instruction set architecture, computer organization, and system design. It also describes the Von Neumann and Harvard architectures. The document provides references for further reading.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Computer Architecture

    Uploaded by

    Majeed Gardi
    19 views10 pages
    This document discusses computer architecture and its categories. It covers instruction set architecture, computer organization, and system design. It also describes the Von Neumann and Harvard architectures. The document provides references for further reading.

    Original Title

    Computer architecture

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses computer architecture and its categories. It covers instruction set architecture, computer organization, and system design. It also describes the Von Neumann and Harvard architectures. The document provides references for further reading.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    19 views10 pages

    Computer Architecture

    Uploaded by

    Majeed Gardi
    This document discusses computer architecture and its categories. It covers instruction set architecture, computer organization, and system design. It also describes the Von Neumann and Harvard architectures. The document provides references for further reading.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 10

    Erbil Polytechnic University

    Erbil Technology College


    ICTE Department

    Module: Computer Architecture


    Module Code: COA302

    Session: Introduction of
    Computer Architecture
    The first lecture in: The Architecture
    of Computer Hardware and Software
    Third semester
    Karwan Hoshyar Khalid

    [email protected]
    Content
     The Computer Architecture.

     Categories of Computer Architecture


     Instruction Set Architecture (ISA).
     Computer Organization (Microarchitecture).
     System Design

     Types of Computer Architecture.


     The Von Neumann Architecture.
     Harvard Architecture.

     References
    2
    9/24/2022
    What is the Computer Architecture?

     Computer architecture is the organization of the


    components which make up a computer system and the
    meaning of the operations which guide its function. It
    defines what is seen on the machine interface, which is
    targeted by programming languages and their compilers.

    3
    9/24/2022
    Categories of Computer Architecture
    There are three categories of computer architecture,
    and all work together to make a machine function.

     ISA

     CO

     SD

    4
    9/24/2022
    5 Categories of Computer Architecture (Cont..)

     Instruction Set Architecture (ISA).


    This includes the functions and capabilities of the central processing unit (CPU). It is the
    embedded programming language and defines what programming it can perform or
    process. This part is the software that makes the computer run, such as operating systems
    like Windows on a PC or iOS on an Apple iPhone, and includes data formats and the
    programmed instruction set.

    9/24/2022
    6 Categories of Computer Architecture (Cont..)

     Computer Organization (Microarchitecture).


    Microarchitecture is also known as computer organization and defines the data
    processing and storage element and how they should be implemented into the ISA. It
    is the hardware implementation of how an ISA is implemented in a particular
    processor.

    9/24/2022
    7 Categories of Computer Architecture (Cont..)

     System Design (SD).


    System design includes all hardware parts of a computer, including data processors,
    multiprocessors, memory controllers, and direct memory access. It also includes the
    graphics processing unit (GPU). This part is the physical computer system.

    9/24/2022
    8 Types of Computer Architecture

     The Von Neumann Architecture


    Mathematician John von Neumann and his colleagues proposed the von Neumann architecture in
    1945, which stated that a computer consists of: a processor with an arithmetic and logic unit
    (ALU) and a control unit; a memory unit that can communicate directly with the processor using
    connections called buses; connections for input/output devices; and a secondary storage for
    saving and backing up data.

    9/24/2022
    9 Types of Computer Architecture (Cont..)

     Harvard Architecture
    Another popular computer architecture, though less so than the von Neumann architecture, is
    Harvard architecture. The Harvard architecture keeps instructions and data in separate memories,
    and the processor accesses these memories using separate buses. The processor is connected
    to the ‘instructions memory’ using a dedicated set of address and data buses, and is connected to
    the ‘data memory’ using a different set of address and data buses.

    9/24/2022
    References
    For more information read and visit the following references

     Douglas Comer, "Essentials of Computer Architecture", Copyright Year 2017, 2nd Edition.
     John Y. Hsu, "Computer Architecture Software Aspects, Coding, and Hardware", Copyright
    Year 2001, 1st Edition.
     Irv Englander, Wilson Wong, "The Architecture of Computer Hardware, Systems Software,
    and Networking": An Information Technology Approach, April 2021, 6th Edition.
     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_architecture
     https://www.teach-
    ict.com/as_as_computing/ocr/2016/AS2016/1.1.1/alu_registers/miniweb/pg6.htm

    10 9/24/2022

    You might also like