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Example 2-Heat Conduction

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62 views4 pages

Example 2-Heat Conduction

Uploaded by

qusai almshaqbeh
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Example 2-Heat Conduction (1)

1. As shown in Fig. 1, a thin silicon chip and a 8-mm-thick aluminum substrate (k=
238 W/m-K) are separated by a 0.02-mm-thick epoxy joint (thermal resistance=
0.9x10-4 m2-K/W). The chip and substrate are each 10 mm on a side, and their
exposed surfaces are cooled by air which is at a temperature of 25 0C and provides
a convection coefficient of 100 W/m2-K. If the chip dissipates 104 W/m2 under
normal condition, will it operate below a maximum allowable temperature of 85
0
C?

Fig. 1

2. As shown in Fig.2, a plane wall is a composite of two materials, A and B. The


wall of material A has uniform heat generation = 1.5x106 W/m3, kA= 75 W/m-K,
and thickness LA= 50 mm. The wall material B has no generation with kB= 150
W/m-K and thickness LB= 20 mm. The inner surface of material A is well
insulated, while the outer surface of material B is cooled by a water stream with
= 30 0C and h= 1000 W/m2-K. Please determine the surface temperature T1 of
material A, the temperature T2 of the cooled surface and To.

Fig. 2

3. As shown in Fig. 3, a leading manufacturer of household appliances is proposing a

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self-cleaning oven design that involves use of a composite window separating the
oven cavity from the room air. The composite is to consist of two high-
temperature plastics (A and B) of thickness LA=2LB and thermal conductivities kA=
0.15 W/mK and kB=0.08 W/mK. During the self-cleaning process, the oven wall
and air temperatures, Tw and Ta, are 400 ℃, while the room air temperature T is
25 ℃. The inside convection and radiation heat transfer coefficients hi and hr, as
well as the outside convection coefficient ho, are each approximately 25 W/m2K.
What is the minimum window thickness, L=LA+LB, needed to ensure a
temperature that is 50 ℃ or less at the outer surface of the window? This
temperature must not be exceeded for safety reasons.

Fig. 3 Fig. 4

4. Fig. 4 shows a conical section fabricated from pyroceram. It is of circular cross


section with the diameter D=ax, where a=0.25. The small end is at x1= 50 mm,
and the large end at x2= 250 mm. The end temperatures are T1= 400 K and T2= 600
K, while the lateral surface is well insulated. (1) Derive an expression for the
temperature distribution T(x) in symbolic form, assuming one-dimensional
conditions. (2) Calculate the heat rate qx through the cone.

5. A 2-mm-diameter and 10-m-long electric wire is tightly wrapped with a 1-mm-


thick plastic cover whose thermal conductivity is k=0.15 W/m- 0C, as shown in
Fig. 5. Electrical measurements indicate that a current of 10A passes through the
wire and there is a voltage drop 8V along the wire. If the insulated wire is exposed
to a medium at T= 30 0C with a heat transfer coefficient of h= 18 W/m 2-0C,
determine the temperature at the interface of the wire and the plastic cover in
steady operation. Also determine if doubling the thickness of the plastic cover will
increase or decrease the rate of heat loss.

Fig. 5

6. A heat-generating slab, as shown in Fig. 6, is heated convectively on one side by a


combustion product at TA= 300 0C and cooled convectively on the other side by
ambient air at TB= 20 0C. The heat transfer coefficient is hB= 125 W/m2-K for the

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air whereas the heat transfer coefficient hA for the combustion product is unknown.
The thickness of the slab is L= 0.8 m and the volumetric heat generation rate is =
5x103 W/m3. The thermal conductivity, k, of the slab is unknown and might vary
through its thickness.
(a) Assuming a one-dimensional steady-state process, write down the system of
equations governing the local temperature of the slab.
(b) Experimental data obtained at steady state indicates the temperature distribution
is linear as shown in the diagram. Using the data, determine the surface heat
fluxes and as well as the heat transfer coefficient hA.
(c) Find an expression for k(x) based on the experimental data.

Fig. 3

Fig. 6

7. As shown in Fig. 7, a thin plate of length L, thickness, t, and width W>>L is


thermally joined to two large heat thinks that are maintained at a temperature T0.
The bottom of the plate is well insulated, while the net heat flux to the top surface
of the plate is known to have a uniform value of .
(a) Derive the differential equation that determines the steady-state temperature T(x)
in the plate.
(b) Solve the foregoing equation for the temperature distribution, and obtain an
expression for the rate of heat transfer from the plate to the heat sinks.

Fig. 7

8.

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