242 DRY DOCKING AND GROUNDING

displacement W. T h e centre of flotation is a distance 1 m from the after

perpendicular. As the water level falls the ship will trim and P increase
until she is at even keel.
The moment P x 1 can be regarded as a moment causing a change of
trim / cm
Pxl
/cm =
MCTC
t x MCTC
P=
I
This value of P at the critical instant can be used to assess the loss in
stability at the moment the vessel takes the keel blocks fore and aft.

E x a m p l e 9.2
A vessel about to dry dock is in the following condition.
Draft forward, 6.10 m ; aft, 6.70 m
KM0 7.20 m ; KG0, 6.8 m
MCTC 155 tonne m/cm
TPC 22 tonne/cm
LCF 80 m forward of AP
Length 180 m
Displacement 11 000 tonnes
Find (a) T h e GM of the vessel at the critical instant.
(b) T h e righting moment at 1° heel.
(c) T h e drafts fore and aft at the critical instant.
t x MCTC
Γ
/
60 x 155
tonne

PxKG0 PxKM0
G0Gl Μ0Μλ
W-P ~ W
116.3x6.80 116.3x7.20
11000-116.3 11 000
= 0.0727 m = 0.0761 m
G0M0 = 0.6000 m G0M0 = 0.6000 m
G,M 0 = 0.5273 m G 0 M, = 0.5239 m
 DRY DOCKING AND GROUNDING 243

Righting moment = (W-P)GiM0 sin Θ

= (11 0 0 0 - 116.3) x 0.5273 x sin 1°
= 100.16 tonne
Righting moment = Wx Wx G0Ml sin Θ
= 11 000 x 0.5239 x sin 1°
= 100.56 tonne
Within the limits of reasonable rounding the righting moments are equal.
The apparent difference in the measurement of stability given by GlM0
and G0M1 can be explained in terms of righting moment
P
'Bodily rise' = TPC
116.3
=
"2TCm
= 5.3 cm

Change in trim aft = —· x t

80
= — - x 60 = 26.7 cm
180
Change in trim forward = 33.3 cm

Fm Am
Initial draft 6.100 6.700
Rise 0.053 0.053

6.047 6.647
Trim + 0.333 -0.267

Draft on blocks 6.380 6.380

Example 9.3
A vessel about to dry dock is in the following condition.
Draft forward, 5.62 m; aft, 6.82 m
KM0 7.90 m; KG0 7.40 m
244 DRY DOCKING AND GROUNDING

MCTC 104 tonne m/cm

LCF 62 m forward of AP
Length 118m
Displacement 8400 tonnes

At the critical instant the GM is to be no less than 0.45 m.

How much ballast should be transferred from a double bottom tank Kg
0.5 m, 30 m forward of AP, to a double bottom tank Kg 0.5 m, 90 m
forward of the AP to ensure that the vessel will be in a satisfactory
condition.

M0Mi = G0M0 - G0MX

= (0.50-0.45) m
= 0.05 m
Px KM0
M0M, = w

MoMi x W
KMQ
0.05 x 8400
=
λ9
= 53.2 tonnes

Maximum permissible trim

/ x MCTC

Pxl
1
~ MCTC
53.2 x 62
= —loi" Cm
= 31.7 cm
Max. trim 31.7cm
Present trim 120.0 cm

Change in trim 88.3 cm

 DRY DOCKING AND GROUNDING 245

Let ballast to shift be w tonnes.

moment changing trim
Change of trim =
MCTC
60 x w
88.3 =
104
88.3x104
W=
60
= 153 tonnes
Shift 153 tonnes of ballast forward.
Change of trim forward = 41.9 cm
F A
Initial drafts 5.62 m 6.82 m
Change in trim + 0.42 m -1.46 m

Final draft 6.04 m 6.36 m

Example 9.4
A vessel is to be drydocked and is in the following condition
Drafts
Forward 7.92 m; aft, 9.30 m
KM0 11.43m; KG0, 10.90 m
MCTC 400.5 tonne m/cm
TPC 28.1 tonne/cm
LCF 88.5 m forward of AP
Length 174 m
Displacement 28 200 tonnes
The depth of water in the dock is initially 10.00 m. Find the effective GM
of the vessel after the water level has fallen by 1.2 m in dock.
What are the drafts of the vessel after the fall?
Depth of w ater 10.00 m
After draft 9.30 m

Clearance 0.70 m
Fall 1.20 m

Change in draft aft 0.50 m = 50 cm

246 DRY DOCKING AND GROUNDING

If P is the upthrust
+ Change in draft = ± bodily rise + change in trim aft
P IxPxl
50 = ±
TK± L x MCTC
P 88.52 x P
- 5 0 == -
38TT~ 174x400.5
50 == 0.2626P+0.1123/>
50 == 0.1396/»
P == 358.2 tonnes
PxKG0
G0Gl
W-P
358.2 x 10.90
~ 28 2 0 0 - 358.2
= 0.140 m
G0M0 = 0.530 m

G,M 0 = 0.390 m
Bodily nSe=
7PC
358.2
= ^r^— cm
38.1
= 9.40 cm

Change in trim = £ ^

358.2x88.5
400.5 cm
= 79.15 cm
/
Change of trim aft = — x t

88.5
174 x 79.2 = 40.6 cm
Change of trim frd = 38.9
 DRY DOCKING AND GROUNDING 247

A,
Initial draft 7.920 9.300
Bodily rise 0.094 0.094

7.826 9.206
Trim + 0.389 -0.406

Drafts after fall 8.215 8.800

E x a m p l e 9.5 (Figure 9.6; see page 241)

A vessel has been damaged forward and is to be docked in the
following condition taking into account effective of damage on
hydrostatic data. Waterline intersects forward perpendicular at
10.20 m; Draft, aft 9.00 m.
Vessel touches the blocks 10 m aft of the forward perpendicular
KM0 11.25m; KG0 10.6 m
MCTC 440 tonne m/cm
TPC 39.5 tonne/cm
LCF 84 m forward of AP
Length 176 in
Displacement 35 500 tonnes
Find the effective 6'Mof the vessel when she takes the blocks fore and aft.
What will be the draft on taking the blocks.
In this case / is from 10 m aft to FP to LCF.

k= ( £ - / , ) - 10
= (176-84) - 1 0 m
= 82 m
MCTC y. t
P

440x 120
= 643.9 tonnes
82
PxKM
M0M,=
W
644 x 11.25
35 500
248 DRY DOCKING AND GROUNDING

= 0.204 m
G 0 M 0 = 0.650m

G 0 M!=0.446m

Bodily rise = j ^ ;

644
= cm = 16.3 cm
39.5
/
Change of trim aft = — x t
Li

- & ■ " » ■ = 57.3 cm

Change of trim frd = 62.7 cm

F„ 4n
Initial draft 10.200 9.000
Rise 0.163 0.163

10.037 8.837
Trim - 0.627 + 0.573

Draft on blocks 9.410 9.410

GROUNDING

When a ship grounds at a single point it is possible to make an estimate of

the upthrust at the grounding point and the changes in mean draft and
trim if the fall in tide is known.
The method used is an extension of the relationship used to calculate
change in draft aft in Chapter 8. In the case of grounding we know the
change in draft at the point of contact, if we know the fall in tide. In Figure
9.7 the vessel length L m grounds at a point C,xm forward of the centre of
flotation. T h e tide falls a distance y cm and the waterline changes from
IVQLQ to lViL1. The change in draft at the point of contact is the same as
the fall of tide y cm.