Qudelix-5K User Manual v2.0 PDF
Qudelix-5K User Manual v2.0 PDF
User’s Guide
JAN 2023
Copyright 2023 by Qudelix, Inc. All rights reserved.
Key Specification
• Bluetooth 5.0
• Class 2 (2.5mW 4dBm) up to 10m
• 2.4GHz
• Qualcomm QCC5124 Bluetooth Chipset
• Dual ES9219 SABRE HiFi® DAC
• 3.5mm output works with single DAC only.
• Dual DAC is available with 2.5mm output.
• High Precision MEMS Audio Clock
• aptX Adaptive, LDAC, AAC, aptX-HD, aptX, SBC
• High-Resolution USB DAC 96KHz / 24-bit
• USB Audio Class 1.0
• Windows/MacOS/Linux (No Device Driver)
• Android Device through C-to-C or OTG cable
• 20-band Double Precision GEQ/PEQ
• 10-band Left/Right Independent GEQ/PEQ
• High Sensitivity 3-D LDS (Laser Direct Structuring) Antenna
• Bluetooth Range more than 10 meters
• Output Power
• 3.5mm 80mW per channel
• 2.5mm 240mW per channel
• SNR (A-weighted)
• 3.5mm -118dB
• 2.5mm -122dB
• THD+N
• 3.5mm 0.004%
• 2.5mm 0.002%
• Separation
• 3.5mm 79dB
• 2.5mm 117dB (1KHz/32-ohm)
• Output Impedance
• Less than 1-ohm
Buttons (with BLUE LED)
Built-In Microphone
1. Power On 5K
• Press BL(Blue Lower) button for more than 3 sec.
4. Paired
• Once paired successfully, you will see Qudelix-5K in the Paired devices list.
Android - LDAC
• After pairing the device with an Android smartphone, please enable LDAC in the Android Bluetooth
menu.
• Go to the paired devices list
• Select the option button for Qudelix-5K
• Enable LDAC for high-quality audio streaming
Option Button
• The Qudelix App has nothing to do with Bluetooth Audio Streaming. You can get audio streaming over
Bluetooth without Qudelix App. However, we strongly recommend installing and using the app to fully
experience the feature-rich nature of Qudelix-5K.
• Android App uses the BR/EDR link. So, Android requires the 5K device paired to the system before
making the app connection.
*The Red Bar indicates the app connected to the device; gray otherwise.
Pairing with iOS
1. Power On 5K
• Press BL(Blue Lower) button for more than 3 sec.
4. Paired
• Once paired successfully, you will see Qudelix-5K Connected ⓘ in the MY DEVICES list.
Connected with ⓘ
• The Qudelix App has nothing to do with Bluetooth Audio Streaming. You can get audio streaming over
Bluetooth without Qudelix App. However, we strongly recommend installing and using the app to fully
experience the feature-rich nature of Qudelix-5K.
Audio
Connection
BLE App
Connection
Pairing with Windows
• Do not make the BLE connection when pairing the 5K with a Windows PC.
• When searching for nearby Bluetooth devices in the Windows Bluetooth menu, you will see a Qudelix-5K
Audio and a Qudelix-5K.
• Qudelix-5K Audio (Headset icon) - for Voice Call & Music
• Qudelix-5K (BLE) - for iOS/Android app connection
BL(Blue Lower)
BLE Connection
BLE
Audio
• Use a standard 5V charger or PC USB only. (Do NOT use a high-speed charger)
• The 5K built-in charger will limit the maximum charging current to 200mA.
• 500mA Battery / 2H 30MIN charging time from empty to full
BL(Blue Lower)
Battery - Safety Warning
• Always remember that heat is the number one enemy of LiPo batteries. The hotter your batteries get,
the shorter their lifespan will be.
• Do not leave the battery in a hot temperature environment. Especially for the use case with car aux-in,
do not leave the 5K in a car. The average temperature inside a vehicle could reach nearly 120 ~160
degrees Fahrenheit. It would kill the battery life and cause the battery to be in serious FIRE HAZARD.
• A 5V(1~2A) standard charger or PC USB port may prevent HW damage by accidental high voltage.
• If improperly used, Rechargeable Lithium-ion Polymer batteries are potentially hazardous and can
present a severe FIRE HAZARD, SERIOUS INJURY, and PROPERTY DAMAGE.
BL(Blue Lower)
Battery Time
• Please note that the battery times may differ across each use case.
• The battery time varies across the codec, sample rate, power profile, and output mode.
• The sensitivity of the earphones/headphones and the output volume level also can make the battery
AAC 44.1KHz
• The gain mode switching requires a couple of seconds of audio stabilizing time. You may experience
some audio artifacts during the transition period.
ES9219 - DAC Operating Profile
• Qudelix's proprietary software drives ES9219 DACs in two ways to trade off the battery time and
sound quality.
• Powering to the device with external USB power overrides the current profile and switches it to
PERFORMANCE automatically.
UNBALANCED (Single-Ended) 3.5mm
• 3-Wire Interface
• 2 ch DAC/AMP for Stereo Audio
• 1-pin Ground
• Common Ground
• Ground Pin goes to both Speaker-L and Speaker-R
• Ground ripple(noise) affects both L & R channel
VL
Ground
VR
R
BALANCED (Full-Differential) 2.5mm
L+ Positive
VL
L- Negative
R+ Positive
VR
R- Positive
*With any given hardware device supporting UNABL and BAL, BAL always performs relatively better
than UNBAL, and we highly recommend using BAL always if available.
ES9219 Built-In PGA (Programmable Gain Amp)
• 5K manages the output level with the ES9219 built-in PGA, providing optimal sound quality at any given
volume level.
• 5K offers 2-way associative absolute volume control for optimal sound quality and always keeps and
guarantees the full-scaled audio stream over Bluetooth or USB.
Source 5K Device
Volume Volume
2-way Associative Absolute Volume
• Qudelix's proprietary 2-way associative absolute control provides optimal sound quality at any source or
device volume level. With this scheme, the source device always delivers the audio stream at the
maximum precision as the original.
• You can control volume in whatever comfortable way, either smartphone buttons or Qudelix-5K buttons
without any sound quality loss. It always keeps and guarantees the best sound quality over Bluetooth or
USB.
precision.
5K Built-In
Hybrid
Volume
Control
+ +
Remote Volume
Smartphone Volume
Coarse Control Σ Fine Control
Local Volume
5K Volume
2dB Step 0.5dB Step
PC/Laptop volume
2-way Associative Absolute Volume
• Android provides an option for the Bluetooth absolute volume, named 'Disable absolute volume.' As in
the screenshot below, it should be off.
volume command to the 5K. And the 5K will blink the Blue LED once it receives the volume command.
• If the ABS volume is off, the source scales down the PCM audio and sends no command to the 5K.
adjustment.
Windows/MacOS/Linux USB O
iOS USB O
Android USB X
Bluetooth O
Volume & Input RMS
• The Level RMS will display the instantaneous average of the incoming audio for every 1 second.
• The level will change continuously as a music track goes on.
• Or, if you play a static test tone or noise with a constant level, they will keep displaying a certain level.
• Monitoring the incoming RMS level at the 5K is one way to check if Absolute Volume Control is working.
Without the ABS volume control, the RMS level will decrease as the source device volume decreases.
Bluetooth Codec - LDAC
• SONY LDAC
• Available with Android 8.0 or higher.
• LDAC 606/660kbps or higher generally provides excellent sound quality comparable to the wired
interface. If you don't get sufficient sound quality, please set a higher LDAC bit rate in the Android
Developer Options menu.
• Some specific Android smartphones may not be able to provide reliable 990kbps streaming. Turning
off the smartphone display or using 5GHz WiFi might help the LDAC stream a bit better.
• The LDAC 660kbps is the best trade-off for reliable streaming and sound quality. In most cases, you
• 5K has three power management modes, as shown in the block diagrams below.
• Battery Powered
• USB Powered & Charging ON
• USB Powered & Charging Off
Power
Switch
System
QCC512X
ES9218P
SMPS
Built-In LED
Battery
Charger
a) Battery Powered
Power
Switch
300mA
System
200mA QCC512X
500mA
ES9218P
SMPS
Built-In LED
Battery
Charger
Power
Switch
System
500mA QCC512X
ES9218P
SMPS
Built-In LED
Battery
Charger
automatically switches the power source from the battery to the USB through the built-in power
switch.
• The external USB VBUS provides 5K operating power and charges the built-in battery simultaneously.
• It keeps the battery life longer and guarantees static battery charging time.
• When the battery gets fully charged, 5K automatically turns off the built-in charger, cutting the
• *Some devices always draw the operating power from the battery; in that case, the device charges the
battery while simultaneously discharging the battery, eventually killing the battery life and causing
unexpected heat.
5K will draw too much power from the iPhone, and consequently, the iPhone will drop the connection
with the accessory.
Connecting 5K to multiple source devices
• Multi-Functional DAC
• 5K is a multi-functional DAC supporting Bluetooth A2DP and USB Audio Class.
• As in the block diagram below, you can have multiple connections simultaneously with two Bluetooth
• 5K can keep the connections with multiple source devices, Bluetooth or USB, but it can stream
audio from a single source device one by one at a time.
• For example, a smartphone and a pc can stream audio to the 5K simultaneously over Bluetooth and
USB, respectively. In this case, 5K needs to select one input source based on its priority policy.
Bluetooth #1 Bluetooth #2
Multipoint Pairing
Up to 2 devices
Bluetooth connection
with a smartphone
USB connection
with a PC
Multiple connections with a single source device
select the output device to use among the available audio output devices
• *Note that this is nothing to do with the 5K input priority. Instead, you must select the audio output
device to use through the iOS/Android control panel.
iOS Audio Output Device
• You can simultaneously connect a 5K to an iPhone through Bluetooth and USB (Apple Camera Kit).
• In that case, the iPhone becomes to have multiple audio output devices. And you must select one
to use through the iOS control panel.
Android Audio Output Device
• In Android, Media —> Audio Output, you can select an audio output device to use among multiple
devices.
• *The Audio Output Selection system menu may differ across smartphone manufacturers, Android
versions, and product models.
5K Bluetooth
5K USB DAC
• 'Bluetooth Auto Disconnect for USB DAC' is a new feature with the software v2.0.
• 5K automatically disconnects any existing Bluetooth Audio Link when connected to a USB Host. And if
• For example,
• When you plug a 5K into a smartphone over USB, the 5K automatically disconnects the Bluetooth
Audio link.
• Then, you unplug the 5K from the smartphone, and the 5K automatically reconnects the Bluetooth
Audio link.
• This way, the smartphone will have only one audio output device at a time, the 5K Bluetooth or the 5K
USB. It can save you from the tedious work of selecting an audio output device repeatedly.
Equalizer
• The embedded pro-grade equalizer is a vital benefit of 5K DAC/AMP over other similar products. It
processes every incoming audio from everywhere: Youtube, Apple Music, Spotify, iOS, Android, PC,
Bluetooth(all Codecs), and USB.
• 5K DAC/AMP supports parametric EQ and graphical EQ. The embedded DSP cores perform double-
precision 64-bit EQ processing, providing the most accurate and precise frequency response even at low-
frequency range.
• 5K manages and stores the EQ presets in its internal flash memory. And 5K automatically reloads the
settings at boot-up and resumes the same EQ setting as configured before. So, once you configure the
EQ using the app, you no longer need to launch the app to see if the EQ runs or not.
• EQ modes
• 20-Band Equalizer
• 10-Band L/R Independent Equalizer
Filter Setting Window
BL(Blue Lower)
BL(Blue Lower)
BL(Blue Lower)
EQ Headroom & Pre Gain
• When an EQ filter gain higher than 0dB, the filter boosts up the input audio, and the audio may get
clipped/saturated, resulting in unwanted clipping noise.
• So, we must scale down the input audio before EQ filters, making the frequency peak of an EQ preset no
higher than 0dB.
• The Preamp Gain and Headroom are the scale factors applied to the input before EQ filtering.
• Scale factor [dB] = Preamp Gain [dB] + Headroom [dB]
• The EQ headroom is a global factor applied to all EQ presets. And the EQ frequency plot, min/max
display, does not reflect the headroom. In other words, the headroom would change the audio output
level audibly but not the frequency plot visually.
• Meanwhile, the Preamp Gain works for each EQ preset. And it visually changes the EQ frequency plot
and audibly changes the audio output level.
Saving EQ preset
• Long Press(iOS/Android) or Double-click(Chrome) custom#1~#20 will show you the popup window for
saving the preset.
• When you save an EQ preset, you can save the impedance and sensitivity profile along with the EQ
preset.
• Technically, EQ and Impedance/Sensitivity have nothing to do with each other. However, since most
users manage their EQ preset per IEM/Headphone basis, we added the impedance/sensitivity fields in
each EQ preset.
• We highly recommend setting Impedance/Sensitivity, but you can leave them as zeros.
Mic. Pass-Thru Mode
Mic. GAIN
High Sensitivity 3-dimensional LDS Antenna is printed on the bottom case and is placed around the red
LED button. 5K provides the best RF performance in most use cases. However, for the optimal
performance, please keep this area away from any metallic objects.
• WARNING
• Warranty void if the case opened
• DO NOT disassemble or open the case.
• DO NOT use a high-speed charger. (Use a standard 5V charger or PC USB.)
BL(Blue Lower)
Firmware Update - OTA
FW Update
Qudelix Chrome Extension
• https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/qudelix/phaodiidhofhdmfkjiacigibgikhfafn
• For a USB DAC use case with Windows, MacOS, and Linux, you can install the Qudelix Chrome
Extension.
• And You can simultaneously keep the app connections with a smartphone over Bluetooth and a PC
over USB.
• *The Chrome app requires the 5K firmware version 1.12.0 or higher, please update the 5K device firmware
first using the mobile app.
Appendix - PCBA
5K has three BGA(Ball Grid Array) IC parts; QCC5124, and two ES9128p.
To enhance the PCB reliability and durability, we did the epoxy underfills on those sensitive BGA parts,
although having additional cost increase. Those parts are bonded twice with soldering and epoxy underfills.
Appendix - Size & Weight
Size
52.8(H) x 26.7(W) x 15.6(D) mm (including Clip)
Weight
25g
Appendix - Package
PACKAGE
91mm (L) x 55mm (W) x 55mm (H)
INCLUDED
USB C-to-C Cable (120mm)
USB C-to-A Cable (120mm)
*No User Manual included in the package. Please refer this user guide.
Appendix - Android Audio Output Device
• 5K Can be connected to Android both through Bluetooth and USB DAC (C-to-C) at the same time.
• In that case, the Android device detects multiple audio output devices. And the Android selects the active
output device exclusively.
• *With some specific Android devices, SONY Android App sometimes overrides the system Audio Output
selection to Bluetooth forcibly. If you don't get any sound through Android USB DAC, please try
uninstalling SONY App.
5K Bluetooth
5K USB DAC
• In Android, Media —> Audio Output, you can select the active device you want to use.
• The system menu for Audio Output may be different across smartphone manufacture.
5K Bluetooth
5K USB DAC
• 5K Can be connected to iPhone both through Bluetooth and USB DAC (Apple Camera Kit) at the
same time.
• In that case, the iPhone detects multiple audio output devices. And the iOS selects the active output
device exclusively.
Appendix - Android In-Band Ringtone
• The way how the Bluetooth receiver plays the incoming call ringtone, Android OS selects.
• System Bluetooth —> Option (Top Right) —> Advanced —> Ringtone sync
Bluetooth Option
Advanced Setting
5K USB DAC