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Tutorial Sheet5 Normal Distribution

The document discusses normal distributions and calculating probabilities for various scenarios involving normally distributed variables. Examples include the heights of plants and people, weights of birds and bags of sweets, concentrations of gases, lengths of metal bars and times to complete tasks. Probabilities are calculated for values falling within, above or below given thresholds.

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bekesy7
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30 views

Tutorial Sheet5 Normal Distribution

The document discusses normal distributions and calculating probabilities for various scenarios involving normally distributed variables. Examples include the heights of plants and people, weights of birds and bags of sweets, concentrations of gases, lengths of metal bars and times to complete tasks. Probabilities are calculated for values falling within, above or below given thresholds.

Uploaded by

bekesy7
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Normal Distribution

1. The distribution of the heights of some plants is normal and has a


mean of 40 cm and a standard deviation of 2 cm. Find the probability
that a randomly
selected plant is
(i) under 42 cm
(ii) over 42 cm
(iii) over 40 cm
(iv) between 40 and 42 cm.
2. he distribution of the masses of some baby parrots is normal and has a
mean of 60 g and a standard deviation of 5 g. Find the probability that
a randomly selected bird is
(i) under 63 g
(ii) over 63 g
(iii) over 68 g
(iv) between 63 and 68 g.
3. The distribution of the mass of sweets in a bag is normal and has a
mean of 100 g and a standard deviation 2 g. Find the probability that a
randomly selected bag is
(i) under 98 g
(ii) over 98 g
(iii) under 102 g
(iv) between 98 and 102 g.
4. The distribution of the heights of 18-year-old girls may be modelled by
the normal distribution with mean 162.5 cm and standard deviation 6
cm. Find the probability that the height of a randomly selected 18-
year-old girl is
(i) under 168.5 cm
(ii) over 174.5 cm
(iii) between 168.5 and 174.5 cm.
5. A pet shop has a tank of goldfish for sale. All the fish in the tank were
hatched at the same time and their weights may be taken to be
normally distributed with mean 100 g and standard deviation 10 g.
Melanie is buying a goldfish and is invited to catch the one she wants
in a small net. In fact the fish are much too quick for her to be able to
catch any particular fish, and the one which she eventually nets is
selected at random. Find the probability that its weight is
(i) over 115 g
(ii) under 105 g
(iii) between 105 and 115 g.
6. The length of life of a certain make of tyre is normally distributed
about a mean of 24 000 km with a standard deviation of 2500 km.
What percentage of such tyres will need replacing before they have
travelled 20 000 km?
7. The concentration by volume of methane at a point on the centre line
of a jet of natural gas mixing with air is distributed approximately
normally with mean 20% and standard deviation 7%. Find the
probabilities that the concentration
(i) exceeds 30%
(ii) is between 5% and 15%.
(iii) In another similar jet, the mean concentration is 18% and the
standard deviation is 5%. Find the probability that in at least one of
the jets the concentration is between 5% and 15%.
8. In a particular experiment, the length of a metal bar is measured
many times. The measured values are distributed approximately
normally with mean 1.340 m and standard deviation 0.021 m. Find the
probabilities that any one measured value
(i) exceeds 1.370 m
(ii) lies between 1.310 m and 1.370 m
(iii) lies between 1.330 m and 1.390 m.
(iv) Find the length l for which the probability that any one measured
value is less than l is 0.1.
9. Extensive research has shown that 1 person out of every 4 is allergic
to a particular grass seed. A group of 20 university students volunteer
to try out a new treatment.
(i) What is the expectation of the number of allergic people in the
group?
(ii) What is the probability that, no more than two of the group are
allergic?
(iii) How large a sample would be needed for the probability of it
containing at least one allergic person to be greater than 99.9%?
10. Skilled operators make a particular component for an engine. The
company believes that the time taken to make this component may be
modelled by the normal distribution with mean 95 minutes and
standard deviation 4 minutes.
Assuming the company’s belief to be true, find the probability that the
time taken to make one of these components, selected at random, was
(i) over 97 minutes
(ii) under 90 minutes
(iii) between 90 and 97 minutes.
Sheila believes that the company is allowing too long for the job and
invites them to time her. They find that only 10% of the components
take her over 90 minutes to make, and that 20% take her less than 70
minutes.
(iv) Estimate the mean and standard deviation of the time Sheila
takes.

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