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Laboratory Exercise 5
DIGITAL PROCESSING OF CONTINUOUS-TIME SIGNALS
5.1 THE SAMPLING PROCESS IN THE TIME-DOMAIN Sampling of a Sinusoidal Signal

Project 5.1

A copy of Program P5_1 is given below: < Insert program code here. Copy from m-file(s) and paste. > Answers: Q5.1 The plots of the continuous-time signal and its sampled version generated by running Program P5_1 are shown below: < Insert MATLAB figure(s) here. paste. > Q5.2 The frequency of the sinusoidal signal in Hz is The sampling period in seconds is Q5.3 The effects of the two Copy from figure window(s) and

axis commands are -

Q5.4 The plots of the continuous-time signal and its sampled version generated by running Program P5_1 for the following four values of the sampling period are shown below: < Insert MATLAB figure(s) here. paste. > Copy from figure window(s) and

Based on these results we make the following observations

Q5.5 The plots of the continuous-time sinusoidal signal of frequency 3 Hz and its sampled version generated by running a modified Program P5_1 are shown below: < Insert MATLAB figure(s) here. paste. > Copy from figure window(s) and

The plots of the continuous-time sinusoidal signal of frequency 7 Hz and its sampled version generated by running a modified Program P5_1 are shown below:

< Insert MATLAB figure(s) here. paste. >

Copy from figure window(s) and

Based on these results we make the following observations Project 5.2 Aliasing Effect in the Time-Domain

A copy of Program P5_2 is given below: < Insert program code here. Copy from m-file(s) and paste. > Answers: Q5.6 The plots of the discrete-time signal and its continuous-time equivalent obtained by running Program P5_2 are shown below: < Insert MATLAB figure(s) here. paste. > Q5.7 The range of Copy from figure window(s) and

t in the Program is -

The value of the time increment is The range of

t in the plot is t changed so

The plot generated by running Program P5_2 again with the range of as to display the full range of ya(t) is shown below: < Insert MATLAB figure(s) here. paste. >

Copy from figure window(s) and

Based on these results we make the following observations

Q5.8 The plots of the discrete-time signal and its continuous-time equivalent obtained by running Program P5_2 with the original display range restored and with the frequency of the sinusoidal signal changed to 3 Hz are shown below: < Insert MATLAB figure(s) here. paste. > Copy from figure window(s) and

The plots of the discrete-time signal and its continuous-time equivalent obtained by running Program P5_2 with the original display range restored and with the frequency of the sinusoidal signal changed to 7 Hz are shown below: < Insert MATLAB figure(s) here. paste. > Copy from figure window(s) and

Based on these results we make the following observations These results can be explained as follows

5.2

EFFECT OF SAMPLING IN THE FREQUENCY-DOMAIN Aliasing Effect in the Frequency-Domain

Project 5.3

A copy of Program P5_3 is given below: < Insert program code here. Copy from m-file(s) and paste. > Answers: Q5.9 The continuous-time function The CTFT of Q5.10

xa(t) in Program P5_3 is -

xa(t) is being computed by -

The plots generated by running Program P5_3 are shown below: < Insert MATLAB figure(s) here. paste. > Copy from figure window(s) and

Based on these results we make the following observations Q5.11

The plots generated by running Program P5_3 with sampling period increased to 1.5 are shown below: < Insert MATLAB figure(s) here. paste. > Copy from figure window(s) and

Based on these results we make the following observations Q5.12 The modified Program P5_3 for the case of
2

xa(t)= et is given below:

< Insert program code here. Copy from m-file(s) and paste. > The plots generated by running the modified Program P5_3 are shown below: < Insert MATLAB figure(s) here. paste. > Copy from figure window(s) and

Based on these results we make the following observations

The plots generated by running the modified Program P5_3 with sampling period increased to 1.5 are shown below: < Insert MATLAB figure(s) here. paste. > Copy from figure window(s) and

Based on these results we make the following observations

5.3

DESIGN OF ANALOG LOWPASS FILTERS Design of Analog Lowpass Filters

Project 5.4

A copy of Program P5_4 is given below: < Insert program code here. Copy from m-file(s) and paste. > Answers: Q5.13 The passband ripple Rp in dB is

The minimum stopband attenuation Rs in dB is The passband edge frequency in Hz is The stopband edge frequency in Hz is

Q5.14 The gain response obtained by running Program P5_4 is shown below: < Insert MATLAB figure(s) here. paste. > Copy from figure window(s) and

Based on this plot we conclude that the filter designed specifications . The filter order N is

_______ the given

The 3-dB cutoff frequency in Hz of the filter is Q5.15

The required modifications to Program P5_4 to design a Type 1 Chebyshev lowpass filter meeting the same specifications are given below: < Insert program code here. Copy from m-file(s) and paste. > The gain response obtained by running the modified Program P5_4 is shown below: < Insert MATLAB figure(s) here. paste. > Copy from figure window(s) and

Based on this plot we conclude that the filter designed specifications . The filter order N is

_______ the given

The passband edge frequency in Hz of the filter is Q5.16

The required modifications to Program P5_4 to design a Type 2 Chebyshev lowpass filter meeting the same specifications are given below:

< Insert program code here. Copy from m-file(s) and paste. > The gain response obtained by running the modified Program P5_4 is shown below: < Insert MATLAB figure(s) here. paste. > Copy from figure window(s) and

Based on this plot we conclude that the filter designed specifications . The filter order N is

_______ the given

The stopband edge frequency in Hz of the filter is Q5.17

The required modifications to Program P5_4 to design an elliptic lowpass filter meeting the same specifications are given below: < Insert program code here. Copy from m-file(s) and paste. > The gain response obtained by running the modified Program P5_4 is shown below: < Insert MATLAB figure(s) here. paste. > Copy from figure window(s) and

Based on this plot we conclude that the filter designed specifications . The filter order N is

_______ the given

The passband edge frequency in Hz of the filter is

5.4

A/D AND D/A CONVERSIONS Binary Equivalent of a Decimal Number

Project 5.5 Answers:

Q5.18 The function of the operator

== is -

Q5.19 The binary equivalents in sign-magnitude form of the decimal fractions are: (a) (b) (c) (d) Project 5.6 Decimal Equivalent of a Binary Number

Answer: Q5.20 The decimal equivalents of the binary fractions along with the errors in conversion are as follows: (a) (b) (c) (d) Project 5.7 Answers: Q5.21 The function of the operator Binary Number Representation Schemes

~= is -

Q5.22 The ones'-complement representations of the binary numbers developed in Question Q5.19 are as follows: (a) (b) (c) (d) Q5.23 The function of the operator The function of the operator

| is & is

Q5.24 The two's-complement representations of the binary numbers developed in Question Q5.19 are as follows: (a) (b) (c) (d) Project 5.8 Answer: Q5.25 The MATLAB program to determine and plot the magnitude responses of the uncompensated and the droop-compensated D/A converters is given below: < Insert program code here. Copy from m-file(s) and paste. > D/A Converter Droop Compensation

The plot of the magnitude responses is shown below: < Insert MATLAB figure(s) here. Copy from figure window(s) and paste. > From this plot we make the following observations :

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