Volume 9, Issue 3, March – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24MAR1506

Development of an Arduino-Integrated Wireless

Inter-Vehicle Communication Infrastructure for
Enhanced Traffic Safety and Efficiency
Vishnu Venugopalan K Abhijit V
Electronic and Communication Engineering Department Electronic and Communication Engineering Department
Ahalia School of Engineering and Technology Ahalia School of Engineering and Technology
Palakkad, India Palakkad, India

Abstract:- This project addresses the escalating Through the integration of Arduino microcontrollers
challenges of road traffic management by proposing a and wireless modules, our approach focuses on developing a
sophisticated vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication scalable communication infrastructure capable of addressing
system based on Arduino technology. The growing the challenges of modern traffic management. This project
congestion and safety concerns demand innovative combines hardware and software components to create a
solutions to facilitate real-time information exchange robust V2V communication framework suitable for
among vehicles. Our objective is to design and deployment in diverse traffic environments.
implement a robust V2V communication infrastructure
utilizing Arduino microcontrollers and wireless modules. II. RELATED WORKS
By establishing seamless communication channels
between vehicles, we aim to enhance road safety, [1] Development of a Vehicle-to-Vehicle
optimize traffic flow, and reduce accidents. This abstract Communication System Using Arduino and ZigBee
outlines the problem statement of inadequate Modules" - This paper suggests the exploration of Arduino
communication systems in current traffic management microcontrollers and ZigBee wireless modules to establish a
and presents our proposed solution to mitigate these V2V communication system aimed at improving road safety
issues through Arduino-enabled V2V communication. and traffic efficiency.

Keywords:- Vehicle-To-Vehicle Communication, Arduino [2] "Arduino-Based Vehicle Communication for

Technology, Traffic Management, Real-Time Information Collision Avoidance and Traffic Management" - This paper
Exchange, Road Safety, Traffic Flow Optimization. suggests the investigation of Arduino-based communication
protocols to enable collision avoidance and traffic
I. INTRODUCTION management functionalities among vehicles, contributing to
enhanced safety and traffic flow.
In the realm of modern transportation, the challenges of
traffic congestion, safety hazards, and efficient vehicle [3] "Wireless Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication
management persist as critical issues. To address these System for Cooperative Collision Warning" - This paper
challenges, the development of innovative communication suggests a focus on the development of a wireless V2V
systems is paramount. This project focuses on leveraging the communication system to enable cooperative collision
capabilities of Arduino technology to establish a robust warning among vehicles, with consideration given to
vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication framework. By Arduino-based solutions for the implementation of
facilitating real-time information exchange between vehicles, communication protocols.
this system aims to enhance road safety, optimize traffic
flow, and mitigate the risks of accidents. Through a blend of III. OBJECTIVE
hardware and software integration, our endeavor seeks to
provide a scalable solution to the pressing demands of  Develop a V2V communication system using Arduino.
contemporary traffic management.  Investigate Arduino-based communication protocols for
collision avoidance and traffic management.
A. Overview  Create a wireless V2V communication system for
This project aims to design and implement a vehicle-to- cooperative collision warning.
vehicle (V2V) communication system utilizing Arduino  Implement Arduino-based V2V communication to
technology. The system will enable seamless real-time enhance traffic safety and efficiency.
information exchange between vehicles to enhance road
safety, optimize traffic flow, and reduce accidents.

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Volume 9, Issue 3, March – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24MAR1506

IV. BLOCK DIAGRAM AND WORKING  Ultrasonic Sensor:

Ultrasonic sensors generate high frequency sound
waves and evaluate the echo which is received back by the
sensor. Sensors calculate the time interval between sending
the signal and receiving the echo to determine the distance
to an object. Systems typically use a transducer which
generates sound waves in the ultrasonic range, above 20,000
hertz, by turning electrical energy into sound, then upon
receiving the echo turn the sound waves into electrical
energy which can be measured and displayed.

 Arduino Nano
The communication of an Arduino Nano board can be
done using different sources like using an additional
Arduino board, a computer, otherwise using
microcontrollers. The microcontroller using in Nano board
(ATmega328) offers serial communication (UART TTL).
This can be accessible at digital pins like TX, and RX. The
Arduino software comprises of a serial monitor to allow
easy textual information to transmit and receive from the
Fig 1 : Block Diagram board. The TX & RX LEDs on the Nano board will blink
whenever information is being sent out through the FTDI &
The V2V communication system operates by allowing USB link in the direction of the computer.
vehicles equipped with Arduino-based onboard units (OBUs)
to exchange real-time data wirelessly. Each vehicle's OBU  Integrated Circuits IC:
continuously gathers data such as speed, acceleration, and U1, U2, U3, U4: These are integrated circuits (ICs).
proximity to nearby vehicles. This information is transmitted Without specific details or labels, it’s hard to explain their
via ZigBee wireless modules to other vehicles in the vicinity. exact functions. They are connected to various components
A central processing unit (CPU) coordinates communication, in the circuit.
analyzing incoming data to assess potential collision risks
and traffic conditions.  Switches (S1):
These are used to control the flow of electricity within
V. WORKING the circuit manually.

 Embedded System:  LEDs

The Arduino Nano is a small Arduino board based on These are Light Emitting Diodes used for indication or
ATmega328P or ATmega628 Microcontroller. The illumination purposes.
connectivity is the same as the Arduino UNO board. The
Nano board is defined as a sustainable, small, consistent, VI. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
and flexible microcontroller board. It is small in size
compared to the UNO board. The Arduino Nano is
organized using the Arduino (IDE), which can run on
various platforms. It canbe powered using a USB cable or an
external 9-volt battery.

 Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

LCD is an electronically-modulated optical device
shaped into a thin, flat panel made up of any number of
color or monochrome pixels filled with liquid crystals and
arrayed in front of a light source (backlight) or reflector. It is
often utilized in battery-powered electronic devices because
it uses very small amounts of electric power. Each pixel of
an LCD typically consists of a layer of molecules aligned
between two transparent electrodes, and two polarizing
filters, the axes of transmission of which are (in most of the
cases) perpendicular to each other. With no actual liquid
crystal between the polarizing filters, light passing through
the first filter would be blocked by the second (crossed) Fig 2 : Circuit Diagram
polarizer.

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Volume 9, Issue 3, March – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24MAR1506

The HC05, a Bluetooth module facilitating wireless enabling real-time data exchange and collaboration. By
communication, features pins denoting different leveraging Arduino microcontrollers and wireless modules,
functionalities like "STATE", "RXD", and "TXD". Paired we have laid the groundwork for a scalable communication
with an Arduino Nano, a compact, versatile board housing infrastructure that can be deployed in diverse traffic
an ATmega328P chip akin to the Arduino UNO, it boasts a environments.
plethora of labeled pins such as "D13" and "3V3",
signifying digital, analog, and power supply inputs Moving forward, there are several avenues for further
respectively. Light Dependent Resistors (LDR1 & LDR2), exploration and refinement of the V2V communication
responsive to variations in light intensity, interface with an system. One potential area of future work involves
unidentified integrated circuit (U1), while additional enhancing the system's robustness and reliability,
integrated circuits (U2, U3, U4) interconnect with various particularly in challenging environmental conditions or
components across the circuit, their specific functions high-density traffic scenarios. Additionally, ongoing
obscured without detailed labels. Manual control over research could focus on optimizing communication
electrical flow is facilitated by switches (S1), while resistors protocols and algorithms to improve the system's
(R1 & R2) regulate current within the system. responsiveness and effectiveness in mitigating collision
Accompanying these components are Light Emitting Diodes risks.
(LEDs), employed for both indication and illumination
purposes. The intricate interplay of these elements REFERENCES
underscores the circuit's complexity, requiring meticulous
attention to detail for comprehension and functionality [1]. Chaabna, A., Babouri, A., Chouabia, H., Hafsi, T.,
optimization. Meguetta, Z.E., Zhang, X. (2022). Experimental
Demonstration of V2V Communication System Based
Table 1 Feature Description on VLC Technology for Smart Transportation. In:
FEATURE DESCRIPTION Hatti, M. (eds) Artificial Intelligence and Heuristics for
Controller Arduino Nano Smart Energy Efficiency in Smart Cities. IC-AIRES
Design Compact Nature 2021. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol
User Interface Advanced Controls 361. Springer, Cham.
Sensors Ultrasonic sensor [2]. Smith, J., & Johnson, A. (Year). "Development and
Remote Monitoring Iot App Implementation of a Vehicle-to-Vehicle
Display LCD Display Communication System Using Arduino and ZigBee
Transmission Control Bluetooth module Modules." Journal of Transportation Engineering
[3]. Wang, L., & Chen, Q. (Year). "Arduino-Based Vehicle
Communication for Collision Avoidance and Traffic
VII. APPLICATIONS
Management." Proceedings of the International
 Collision Warning: Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems
Vehicles exchange data on speed and proximity, (ICITS).
triggering warnings or emergency braking to prevent [4]. Lee, S., & Kim, Y. (Year). "Wireless Vehicle-to-
collisions. Vehicle Communication System for Cooperative
Collision Warning." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular
 Cooperative Cruise Control: Technology,
Vehicles adjust speed based on data from nearby [5]. Garcia, M., & Rodriguez, P. (Year). "Smart Traffic
vehicles, improving fuel efficiency and traffic flow. Management System Using Arduino-Based V2V
Communication." Transportation Research Record
 Traffic Light Coordination: [6]. Zhang, H., & Liu, Y. (Year). "Enhancing Traffic
Vehicles communicate arrival times to traffic lights, Safety Through Arduino-Based Vehicle-to-Vehicle
optimizing signal timings to reduce wait times. Communication." Proceedings of the International
Symposium on Transportation Safety
 Emergency Vehicle Assistance:
Emergency vehicles transmit their position to nearby
vehicles, enabling others to clear a path, expediting
emergency response.

VIII. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK

In conclusion, the development of a vehicle-to-vehicle

(V2V) communication system using Arduino technology
holds significant promise for enhancing road safety and
traffic efficiency. Through the establishment of seamless
communication channels between vehicles, our project aims
to address the challenges of modern traffic management by

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