DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, CHANDIGARH

Chemistry Assignment
Class XI

Name : Class & Section

Unit: Atomic Structure

1. How was electron discovered ?
2 How can you say that electrons are universal constituent of all the atoms.
3. Describe the experiment which led to the discovery of proton.
4. What are anode rays ? How do they originate ?
5. What observations in scattering experiment led Rutherford to make the following conclusions?
(i) the most of the space in an atom is empty.
(ii) the whole of the mass of the atom is present in the center of the nucleus .
(iii) nucleus has positive charge.
6. Give main postulates of Rutherford’s model of atom. Why is Rutherford’s model also called
nuclear model of an atom ?What are the main failures of Rutherford’s model of an atom ?
7. How was neutron discovered ? Describe briefly?
8 Define the following terms:
(i) Atomic Number (ii) Mass Number (iii) Isotopes
(iv) Isobars (v) Isotones (vi) Isomers
9. Define wavelength, frequency, wave number and velocity of a wave. How are they inter-
related ?
10. What is a photon ? How is energy of a photon related to its (a) frequency (b) wavelength.
11. Give the main postulates of Planck’s quantum theory of radiations.
12. Explain the following terms:
(i) spectrum (ii) electromagnetic spectrum (iii) Emission spectrum
(iv) absorption spectrum (v) Black Body radiations (vi) Photoelectric Effect
13. Why is atomic spectrum of an element called finger print of an atom ?
14. List some important postulates of Bohr’s model.
15. What is atomic spectrum of hydrogen ? How does Bohr’s Model explain the presence for all
these lines ? Calculate the wavelength of 3rd line of Lyman series.
16. What are the main drawbacks of Bohr’s model ?
17. Give and explain the main successes of Bohr’s model.
18. Explain why energy of an electron in an atom is negative ?
19. Why are there so many lines in hydrogen spectrum although there is only one electron in an
atom ?
20 Derive De Broglie Equation. What is its significnce? How does the wave length of different
objects vary with their masses?
21 Explain Uncertainty principle. How is it expressed mathematically? What changes did
Heisenberg’s Uncertainty principle make in the concept of atoms?
22. Explain why are half-filled and completely filled orbitals more stable ?
23. State and explain:
(i) Pauli’s Exclusion Principle (ii) Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity
(iii) Aufbau Principle.
24. Describe the shape and important features of 2s and 2p orbitals.
25. What are quantum numbers ? What permitted values can these have ?
26. What is an orbital ? How does it differ from an orbit ?
 NUMERICAL PROBLEMS
1. Calculate the energy of the photon of red light having wavelength 650mm.
Ans 3.06×10-19
2. Calculate the wavelength of spectral line in Lyman series corresponding to n2 = 3.
102.5 nm.
3. Energy of an electron in hydrogen atom is given by En = -22me4/n2h2 = -1.312 x 106 J/mol.
2
n
(i) Calculate ionisation energy of H-atom.(ii) Compare the shortest wavelength emitted by
hydrogen atom and He+ ion. IE =1.312 x 106 J/mol. λH = λHe+
4. Electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 242 nm is just sufficient to ionize the sodium in
KJ/mol. Calculate the ionisation energy of sodium atom. Ans. 494 kj/mol.
5. How many photons of light having a wavelength 500 nm are necessary to provide 1KJ of
energy ? Ans. 2.51×1020
6. Bond dissociation Energy of a bond (A-B) is 165 KJ/mol. Calculate the minimum frequency of
photon required to break this bond. ν = 4.14 ×1014
7. A photon of 300 nm is absorbed by a gas and then re-emitted two photons. One photon has
wavelength of 495nm, what will be the wavelength of the other ? Ans. 761.5 nm
-31
8. Calculate de-Broglie wave length of an electron ( mass = 9.1×10 kg ) moving at 1% speed of
light. Ans. 2.43×10-10 m.
9. An electron is moving with a kinetic energy of 2.275×10 -25 J. Calculate its de-Broglie
wavelength. Ans. 1026 nm
10. Calculate the wavelength of an electron that has been accelerated in a particle accelerator through
a potential difference of 100 million volts.Ans. 1.22×10-13 m.
11. Calculate uncertainty in the position of an electron if the uncertainty in its velocity is 5.7×10 5
m/s. Ans1.012×10-10 m.
12. On the basis of Heisenberg uncertainty principle, show that electron cannot exist within the
atomic nucleus of radius 10-15m. Ans. 5.77×1010 m/s.
13. What transition in the Hydrogen spectrum would have the same wavelength as the Balmer
transition, n=4 to n=2 of He+ spectrum? Ans. n=2 to n=1
14. For which hydrogen like ion the wavelength difference between the first lines of the Lyman and
Balmer series is equal to 59.3 nm ? Ans. Li+2ion.
15. Calculate the ratio of wavelength of first spectral line of Lyman and Balmer series of hydrogen
spectrum? Ans. 5 : 27