MATHS-1A « S-Material 1

SOLVED PAPERS

SOLVED PAPER-2
Time: 3 Hours MATHS-1A Max. Marks : 75
SECTION-A
I. Answer ALL the following Very Short Answer Questions: 10 ´ 2 = 20
2x  1
1. f : R®R defined by f(x)= , then this function is injection or not?Justify.
3
2. Find the domain of the real function log(x2 – 4x + 3)
ª 1 3 -5 º ª 0 2 1 º
« 2 -1 5 » «  2 0  2»
3. Find the trace of « »
4. If « » is a skew symmetric matrix then find the value of x.
«¬ 2 0 1 »¼ «¬  1 x 0 »¼
5. Show that the triangle formed by the vectors 3i  5 j  2k, 2 i  3 j  5k,  5 i  2 j  3k is
equilateral
6. Find the vector equation of the line passing through the points 2 i  j  3k, 4 i  3 j  k

Q
7. If | a  b | | a - b | then find the angle between a and b
8. Find the value of sin34º + cos64º – cos4º

-
9. Find the period of f(x) = cos(3x + 5) + 7 10. If sinhx = 3/4 then find cosh2x and sinh2x.
SECTION-B

R
II. Answer any FIVE of the following Short Answer Questions: 5 ´ 4 = 20
ª1 2 1 º
«3 2 3 » –1
11. Show that the matrix A « » is non-singular and find A .

A
«¬1 1 2 »¼
12. If the points whose position vectors are 3i  2 j  k, 2i  3 j  4k,  i  j  2k, 4 i  5 j  Ok are

T
146
coplanar, then show that O 
17
13. For any two vectors a and b , show that (1 | a |)2  (1 | b |)2 | 1  a.b |2  | a  b  a u b |2

S
S 2S 3S 4S 5
14. Show that sin .sin .sin .sin 15. Solve cot 2 x - ( 3  1) cot x  3 0
5 5 5 5 16
§ 3· §5· § 323 · A B C
16. Show that 2Sin-1 ¨ ¸ -Cos-1 ¨ ¸ Cos-1 ¨ ¸ 17. If cot
2
:cot : cot
2 2
3:5:7 then, show that a:b:c = 6 : 5 : 4
© ¹
5 © ¹
13 © 325 ¹
SECTION-C
III. Answer any FIVE of the following Long Answer Questions: 5 ´ 7 = 35
18. If f : A®B, g : B®C are two bijective functions then prove that gof : A®C is also a bijective
function.
19. Using the principle of finite Mathematical Induction prove that 2.3+3.4+4.5+.... upto n terms
1 a2 a3
n(n 2  6n  11) 2
20. Show that 1 b b3 (a  b)(b  c)(c  a)(ab  bc  ca)
3
2 3
1 c c
21. Solve the following equations by using Cramer's rule 2x – y + 3z = 9, x + y + z = 6, x – y + z =2
22. Prove that the smaller angle q between any two diagonals of a cube is given by cosq = 1/3
23. If A,B,C are angles in a triangle, then prove that sin2 A + sin2B – sin2C = 2sinA sinB cosC
r1 r2 r3 1 1
24. In DABC prove that   
bc ca ab r 2R
MATHS-1A « S-Material 2
SOLVED PAPERS

SOLUTIONS
SECTION-A
2x + 1
1. f : R®R defined by f(x) = , then this function is injection or not? Justify.
3
Sol: Let, x1, x2 Î R be such that f(x1) = f(x2)
2x1  1 2x 2  1
Ÿ Ÿ 2x1  1 2x 2  1 Ÿ 2x1 2x 2 Ÿ x1 x 2 \ f is an injection.
3 3
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
2. Find the domain of the real function log(x 2  4x + 3)
Sol: log(x2 – 4x + 3) is defined when x2 – 4x + 3 > 0
Þ (x – 1)(x – 3) > 0 Þ xÎ(–¥, 1)È(3, ¥) \ Domain is (–¥,1)È(3,¥)
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
ª1 3 -5 º
3. Find the trace of «« 2 -1 5 »»

Q
«¬ 2 0 1 »¼

-
Sol: Trace: The trace of a square matrix is the sum of elements in the principal diagonal.
ª 1 3 -5º
A «« 2 -1 5 »»

R
Þ Tr (A) =1+(–1)+1=1
«¬ 2 0 1 »¼
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

A
ª0 2 1º

T
« »
4. If « -2 0 -2 » is a skew symmetric matrix then find the value of x.
«¬ -1 x 0 »¼
Sol: A is skew symmetric matrix Þ A = –AT

S
ª0 2 1º ª 0 2 1º ª 0 2 1 º
« 2 0  2 » Ÿ  A T  « 2 0 x » « 2 0  x »
Given A= « » « » « »
«¬ 1 x 0 »¼ «¬1 2 0 »¼ «¬ 1 2 0 »¼

Now A= –AT Þ x =2 [On equating the 3´2 elements in A and –AT]

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5. Show that the triangle formed by the vectors 3 i + 5 j + 2k, 2 i - 3 j - 5k, - 5 i - 2 j + 3k is
equilateral
Sol: Let a 3 i  5 j  2k Ÿ| a | 9  25  4 38
b 2 i  3 j  5k Ÿ| b | 4  9  25 38
c 5 i  2 j  3k Ÿ| c | 25  4  9 38
\ |a | |b| |c|. Hence, the given vectors form an equilateral.
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6. Find the vector equation of the line passing through the points 2 i  j  3k, 4 i  3 j  k
Sol: Given points A(a) 2 i  j  3k, B(b) 4 i  3 j  k
Vector equation of the line is r (1  t )a  tb , tÎR
\ r (1  t)(2i  j  3k)  t(4i  3j  k) ,tÎR
MATHS-1A « S-Material 3
SOLVED PAPERS

7. If | a  b | | a - b | then find the angle between a and b

Sol: Given that | a  b | | a  b |Ÿ| a  b |2 | a  b |2 Ÿ a 2  b 2  2a.b a 2  b 2  2a.b
Ÿ 4a.b 0 Ÿ a.b 0 Ÿ a A b \ Angle between a and b is 90º
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8. Find the value of sin34º+cos64º– cos4º
64º  4º 64º  4º
Sol: sin34º + cos64º– cos4º = sin34º(cos64º– cos4º) = sin 34º  2 sin sin
2 2
CD CD
(' cos C  cos D 2sin sin )
2 2 1
= sin 34º–2sin 34º– sin 30º sin 34º 2sin 34º. = sin 34º – sin 34º=0
2
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9. Find the period of f(x) = cos(3x + 5) + 7
2S
Sol: We know that period of coskx is \ Period of cos(3x + 5) + 7 is 2p/3
k

Q
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10. If sinhx = 3/4 then find cosh2x and sinh2x.

-
2
§3· 9 9  16 25 5
Sol: Given sinhx=3/4 , then cosh x sinh 2 x  1 ¨ 4 ¸ 1 1
© ¹ 16 16 16 4

R
2 2
§5· §3· 25 9 34 17
(i) cosh(2x) cosh 2 x  sinh 2 x ¨ ¸ ¨ ¸ 
©4¹ ©4¹ 16 16 16 8

A
3 5 15
(ii) sinh(2x) 2sinh x cosh x 2 u u
4 4 8

T
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
SECTION-B

S
ª1 2 1º
11. Show that the matrix A «3 2 3 »» is non-singular and find A–1.
«
«¬ 1 1 2 »¼
ª1 2 1º
«3 3 »»
Sol: Given A = « 2
«¬ 1 1 2 »¼
det A 1(4  3)  2(6  3)  1(3  2) 1  6  1 4 z 0 Þ A is non-singular

T
ª 2 3 3 3 3 2 º
«  »
« 1 2 1 2 1 1 » T ª 1 3 4 º
« 2 ª 1 3 1 º
1 1 1 1 2» « 3 1 1 » ? Adj A « 3 1 0 »
Adj A = «   »
« » « »
« 1 2 1 2 1 1» «¬ 1 1 4 »¼
« » «¬ 4 0 4 »¼
« 2 1

1 1 1 2 »
« 2 3 3 3 3 2 »¼
¬

ª 1 3 4 º ª 1 / 4 3 / 4 1º
1 «
3 1 0 »» « 3 / 4 1 / 4 0 »
1 1
?A (Adj A) « « »
det A 4
«¬ 1 1 4 »¼ «¬ 1 / 4 1 / 4 1 »¼
MATHS-1A « S-Material 4
SOLVED PAPERS

12. If the points whose position vectors are 3 i - 2 j - k, 2 i + 3 j - 4k,- i + j + 2k, 4 i + 5 j + N

146
are coplanar, then show that 
17
Sol: We take OP 3 i  2 j  k, OQ 2 i  3 j  4k ,
OR  i  j  2k, OS 4 i  5 j  Ok , where 'O' is the origin.
PQ OQ  OP (2 i  3 j  4k)  (3 i  2 j  k)  i  5 j  3k
PR OR  OP ( i  j  2k)  (3 i  2 j  k) 4 i  3 j  3k
PS OS  OP (4 i  5 j  Ok)  (3i  2 j  k) i  7 j  (O  1)k
But [PQ PR PS] 0 [ Since P,Q,R,S are coplanar]

1 5 3
Ÿ 4 3 3 0
1 7 O 1

Q
Þ (–1)[3(l+1)–21] –5 [–4(l+1)–3]–3[(–28)–3]=0 Þ –1(3l–18) –5(–4l–7)–3(–31)=0
Þ-3l+18+20l+35+93=0Þ -3l+20l+35+93+18=0 Þ –17l = 146 Ÿ O 146 / 17

-
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13. For any two vectors a and b , show that (1+ | a |)2 + (1+ | b |)2 =| 1 - a.b |2 + | a + b + a × b |2

R
Sol: Let, (a, b) T
R.H.S. |1  a.b |2  | a  b  a u b |2 1  a.b 2
 2 a.b  | a |2  | b |2  | a u b |2 2 a.b

A
2 ¬ª b. a u b ¼º  2 ¬ª a u b .a ¼º

T
1 | a |2 | b |2 cos 2 T  2 a.b  | a |2  | b |2  | a u b |2 2 a.b  0  0
here, b a u b 0 and a u b .a 0

S
1 | a |2 | b |2 (1  sin 2 T)  | a |2  | b |2  | a u b |2

1 | a |2 | b |2  | a |2 | b |2 sin 2 T | a |2  | b |2  | a u b |2

1 | a |2 | b |2  | a u b |2  | a |2  | b |2  | a u b |2

1 | a |2  | b |2  | a |2 | b |2

(1 | a |2 )(1 | b |2 ) = LHS.

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14. Show that sin .sin .sin .sin =
5 5 5 5 16
S 2S 3S 4S S 2S § 2S · § S·
Sol: L.H.S.= sin .sin .sin .sin = sin .sin .sin ¨ S  ¸ .sin ¨ S  ¸
5 5 5 5 5 5 © 5 ¹ © 5¹

S 2S 2S S S 2S
sin .sin .sin .sin sin 2 .sin 2 sin 2 36º sin 2 72º.
5 5 5 5 5 5
2 2
§ 10  2 5 · § 10  2 5 · § 10  2 5 ·§ 10  2 5 · 100  20 80 5
¨ ¸ ¨ ¸ ¨¨ ¸¨ ¸¸ =R.H.S
¨ ¸ ¨ ¸ ¸¨
©
4
¹ ©
4
¹ © 16 ¹© 16 ¹ 16 u 16 16 u 16 16
MATHS-1A « S-Material 5
SOLVED PAPERS

15. If 0 < x < then solve cot 2 x - ( 3 + 1)cotx + 3 = 0

2

Sol: cot 2 x  ( 3  1) cot x  3 0 Ÿ cot 2 x  3 cot x  cot x  3 0

Ÿ cot x(cot x  3)  (cot x  3) 0 Ÿ (cot x  1)(cot x  3) 0
Ÿ cot x  1 0 (or) cot x  3 0 Þ cot x =1 (or) cot x 3
1
Þ tan x =1 (or) tan x
3
S S S 1 S S
since 0  x 
, tan x 1 tan Ÿ x ; tan x tan Ÿ x
2 4 4 3 6 6
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
§3· § 5 · § 323 ·
16. Show that 2Sin -1 ¨ ¸ - Cos -1 ¨ ¸ = Cos-1 ¨ ¸
©5¹ © 13 ¹ © 325 ¹

Q
§3· 3 4 1 3
Sol: Let, sin 1 ¨ ¸ T Ÿ sin T Ÿ cos T Þ 2sin 2T

-
©5¹ 5 5 5

3 4 24 24
Also, sin 2T 2sin T cos T 2 u u Ÿ 2T sin 1

R
5 5 25 25
1 24 1 5 1 323
Hence, the given problem reduces to sin  cos cos

A
25 13 325
24 24 7
Let, sin 1 D Ÿ sin D
Ÿ cos D

T
25 25 25
5 5 12
cos 1 E Ÿ cos E Ÿ sin E
13 13 13

S
7 5 24 12 35  288 323
Now cos(a-b) = cosa cosb + sina sinb u  u
25 13 25 13 325 325
323 1 24 5 323 3 5 323
Ÿ D  E Cos 1 . Ÿ Sin  Cos1 Cos1 Ÿ 2Sin1  Cos1 Cos1 .
325 25 13 325 5 13 325
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A B C
17. If cot : cot : cot = 3 : 5 : 7 then show that a : b : c = 6 : 5 : 4
2 2 2
A B C s (s  a) s (s  b) s (s  c)
Sol: Given cot : cot : cot 3: 5 : 7 Ÿ : : 3: 5 : 7
2 2 2 ' ' '
Ÿ (s  a) : (s  b) : (s  c) 3: 5 : 7
We take s  a 3k ...(1) , s  b 5k ....(2), s  c 7k .....(3) , k¹0
(1)+(2)+(3) Þ 3s-(a+b+c)=3k+5k+7k Þ 3s-2s=15k Þ s=15k
From (1), s-a=3k Þ 15k-a=3k Þ a=15k-3k=12k
From (2), s-b=5k Þ 15k-b=5k Þ b=15k-5k=10k
From (3), s-c=7k Þ 15k-c=7k Þ c=15k-7k=8k
? a : b : c 12 k :10 k :8 k 12 : 10 : 8 6:5: 4
MATHS-1A « S-Material 6
SOLVED PAPERS

SECTION-C
18. If f : A®B, g : B®C are two bijective functions then prove that gof : A®C is also
a bijective function.
Sol: Given that f,g are bijective functions. So f,g are both one one and onto functions.
(i) To prove that gof:A®C is one one
Let (gof)(a1)=(gof)(a2), [ for a1, a2ÎA]
Þg[f(a1)]=g[f(a2)]
Þf(a )=f(a ) (... g is one one)
1 2
Þa1=a2 (... f is one one)
... gof: A®C is one one.
(ii) To prove that gof:A®C is onto.
Given f:A®B is onto, then f(a)=b........(1), [' for all bÎB there exist aÎA such that f(a)=b]
Given g:B®C is onto, then g(b)=c......(2), [' for all cÎC there exist bÎB such that g(b)=c]

Q
Now (gof)(a) =g[f(a)]=g(b)=c, [From (1) and (2) ]
\ gof: A®C is onto. [' for all cÎC we got some aÎA such that gof(a)=c]

-
Hence, we proved that gof:A®C is a bijective function.
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

R
19. Using the principle of finite Mathematical Induction prove that
n(n 2 + 6n + 11)
2.3+3.4+4.5+.... upto n terms =

A
3
Sol: The first terms of the series 2, 3, 4....are in A.P with a =2, d=1.

T
\ Tn = a+(n–1)d = 2+(n–1)1= n+1
The second terms of the series 3, 4, 5.....are obtained by adding 1 to the terms of first series.
\ In the second series Tn = (n+1)+1 = n+2 2

S
n (n  6n  11)
Let S(n) : 2.3+3.4+...........+(n+1)(n+2)
(a)L.H.S of S(1) = 2.3=6 3

1(12  6(1)  11) 1  6  11 18

R.H.S of S(1) 6
3 3 3
\ L.H.S of S(1) = R.H.S of S(1) Þ S(1) is true.
(b) Assume that S(k) is true for kÎ N
k(k 2  6k  11)
S(k) : 2.3+3.4+...........+(k+1)(k+2) ......(1)
3
(c)Now we show that S(k+1)is true.
(k  1)[(k  1)2  6(k  1)  11]
S(k+1) :[ 2.3+3.4+...........+(k+1)(k+2)]+(k+2) (k+3)
3
L.H.S of S(k+1) = [ 2.3+3.4+...........+(k+1)(k+2)]+(k+2) (k+3)
k(k 2  6k  11) k(k 2  6k  11)  3(k  1)(k  2)
 (k  1)(k  2)
3 3
(k 3  6k 2  11k)  3(k 2  5k  6) (k 3  6k 2  11k)  3k 2  15k  18) k 3  9k 2  26k  18
........(2)
3 3 3
(k  1)[(k  1)2  6(k  1)  11] (k  1)[(k 2  2k  1)  6k  6  11]
R.H.S of S(k+1)
3 3
MATHS-1A « S-Material 7
SOLVED PAPERS

(k  1)(k 2  8k  18) (k 3  8k 2  18k  k 2  8k  18) k 3  8k 2  26k  18

.........(3)
3 3 3
From (2) & (3) L.H.S of S(k+1) = R.H.S of S(k+1)
\ S(k+1) is true whenever S(k) is true.
Hence by the Principle of Mathematical Induction the given statement is true " nÎN.
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1 a2 a3
2
20. Show that 1 b b3 (a  b)(b  c)(c  a)(ab  bc  ca)
1 c2 c3

1 a2 a3
2 3
1 a a
0 b2  a 2 b3  a3 (' R 2 Ÿ R 2  R1
Sol: L.H.S 1 b 2
b 3
0 c2  a 2 c3  a3 R3 Ÿ R3  R1)

Q
1 c2 c3

-
1 a2 a3
0 (b  a)(b  a) (b  a)(b 2  ba  a 2 ) §' a 2  b 2 (a  b)(a  b) ·
¨ ¸

R
¨ a 3  b3 (a  b)(a 2  ab  b 2 ) ¸
0 (c  a)(c  a) (c  a)(c2  ca  a 2 ) © ¹

a2 a3

A
1
(b  a)(c  a) 0 a  b a 2  ab  b 2 ( Taking (b  a) common from R 2 and

T
(c  a) common form R 3 )
0 ac a 2  ac  c2

S
1 a2 a3
(b  a)(c  a) 0 a  b a 2  ab  b 2
0 c  b ac  ab  c2  b 2 (' R 3 o R 3  R1 )

1 a2 a3
§' ac  ab  c 2  b 2 ·
(b  a)(c  a) 0 a  b a  ab  b2 2 ¨ ¸
¨ a(c  b)  (c  b)(c  b) ¸
0 c  b (c  b)(a  b  c) ¨ (c  b)(a  b  c) ¸
© ¹

1 a2 a3
(b  a)(c  a)(c  b) 0 a  b a 2  ab  b 2
0 1 (a  b  c)

(b  a)(c  a)(c  b)1[(a  b)(a  b  c)  (a 2  ab  b 2 )]

(b  a)(c  a)(c  b)[(a  b) 2  c(a  b)  (a 2  ab  b 2 )]
(b  a )(c  a )(c  b)[( a 2  b 2  2ab)  (ca  cb)  a 2  ab  b 2 ]
(a  b)(b  c)(c  a)(ab  bc  ca) R.H.S
MATHS-1A « S-Material 8
SOLVED PAPERS

21. Solve the following equations by using Cramer's rule 2x – y + 3z =9, x + y + z = 6,

x–y+z=2
Sol: Given equations in the matrix equation form: AX = D, where
ª 2 1 3 º ªxº ª9 º
A « 1 1 1» , X « y » , D «« 6 »»
« » « »
«¬ 1 1 1»¼ «¬ z »¼ «¬ 2 »¼
2 1 3
' det A 1 1 1 2(1  1)  1(1  1)  3(1  1) =2(2)+1(0)+3(–2)=4+0–6= –2¹0
1 1 1
9 1 3
'1 6 1 1 9(1  1)  1(6  2)  3(6  2) 9(2)  1(4)  3(8) 18  4  24 2;
2 1 1

Q
2 9 3
'2 2(6  2)  9(1  1)  3(2  6) 2(4)  9(0)  3(4) 8  0  12  4;

-
1 6 1
1 2 1

R
2 1 9
'3 1 1 6 2(2  6)  1(2  6)  9(1  1) 2(8)  1(4)  9( 2) 16  4  18 6

A
1 1 2
By Cramer's rule,

T
'1 2 '2 4 '3 6
x 1; y 2 and z 3
' 2 ' 2 ' 2

S
\ x=1, y=2, z=3 are the solutions of the given equations.
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22. P.T the smaller angle q between any two diagonals of a cube is given by cosq = 1/3
Sol: Consider a unit cube with vertices O,A,B,C,L, M, N, P as shown in the diagram.
Y-axis
>

We take OA i , OB j, OC k
B L
>

Consider 2 diagonals OP and CL

<

M P
OA  AL  LP i  j  k ......(1) j
>

OP
j
>

>

j
CL CN  NP  PL i  j  k .........(2) A
k > >
O X-axis
>

i
OP.CL >
? cos T C N
Z-axis
>

| OP | | CL |
(1 u 1)  (1 u 1)  (1 u (1)) 111 1
(12  12  12 ) (12  12  (1) 2 ) (3)(3) 3
MATHS-1A « S-Material 9
SOLVED PAPERS

23. If A, B, C are angles in a triangle, then prove that sin2A+sin2B–sin2C=2sinAsinBcosC

Sol: Given A,B,C are angles of a triangle, then A+B+C=180º
L.H.S = sin2A + (sin2B – sin2C)
= sin2A+sin(B+C)sin(B–C) = sin2A+sin(180º–A)sin(B–C)
= sin2A+sinAsin(B–C) = sinA[sinA+sin(B–C)]
= sinA[sin(180º–(B+C))+sin(B–C)]= sinA[sin(B+C))+sin(B–C)]
= sinA(2sinBcosC) [... (sin(A+B)) + sin(A–B)) = 2sinAcosB]
= 2sinAsinBcosC = R.H.S
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r1 r2 r3 1 1
24. In DABC prove that   
bc ca ab r 2R

r1 4R sin A2 cos B2 cos C2

Sol: L.H.S. ¦ ¦

Q
bc (2R sin B)(2R sin C)

-
4R sin A2 cos B2 cos C2 sin A2 cos B2 cos C2 sin A2 cos B2 cos C2
¦ 4R (R sin B.sin C)
¦ R sin B.sin C
¦
R (2 sin B2 cos B2 )(2 sin C2 cos C2 )

R
sin A2 sin A2 sin A2 sin 2 A2 1
¦ 4R sin B sin C ¦ 4R sin A sin B sin C ¦ ¦ sin 2 A2

A
r r
2 2 2 2 2

T
1 1
sin 2 A2  sin 2 B2  sin 2 C2 1  cos 2 A2  sin 2 B2  sin 2 C2
r r

S
1
1  (cos 2 A2  sin 2 B2 )  sin 2 C2
r
1
1  (cos A 2 B .cos A2B )  sin 2 C2 (' cos 2 A  sin 2 B cos(A  B) cos(A  B))
r
1ª 1
1  cos(1800  C2 ).cos A2B  sin2 C2 º 1  sin C2 .cos A2B  sin 2 C2
r¬ ¼ r
1
1  sin C2 (cos A2B  sin C2 )
r
ª AB· A  Bº
sin ¨§ 90º 
1 C
1  sin C2 (cos A2B  cos A 2 B ) «? sin 2 ¸ cos
r ¬ © 2 ¹ 2 »¼
1 1
1  sin C2 (2sin A2 sin B2 1  (2sin A2 sin B2 sin C2 )
r r
1 § 2(2R sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 ) ·
A B C
¨1  ¸ [ On multiplying & dividing by 2R]
r¨ 2R ¸
© ¹
1 § 4R sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 ) ·
A B C
¨1  ¸ 1§ r · 1 1 r 1 1
r¨ 2R ¸ ¨1  ¸  .  R.H.S
© ¹ r © 2R ¹ r r 2R r 2R