Helwan University – Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence (FCAI) – Computer Science Department

Helwan National University – Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology (FCSIT)
Academic Year [2023/2024] Fall Semester [1st Term]
CS111 – Introduction to Computer Science (the Mainstream and Medical Informatics Programmes)
COM101 – Introduction to Computers (the Data Science, Robotics Software Engineering, and Multimedia
Software Engineering Programmes)

Exercises – Problems Sheet # 1: An Introduction to Computer Science

No. Of Questions: 7 No. Of Pages: 3

 To be submitted during the Labs of week 6.

 Students will lose 2 marks if this homework is not delivered on time or found out to be copied.
 The submitted solutions should be handwritten and NOT typed/printed.

Question 1: Briefly describe – in your own words – the following terms:

1. A computer. 7. Boolean Logic.

2. The four basic operations of a computer. 8. An Operating System (OS).
3. A program. 9. The RGB System.
4. Computer Science. 10. Peripheral Devices.
5. Information Processing. 11. An Algorithm.
6. Informatics. 12. A Software Library

Question 2: Briefly differentiate between the following terms:

1. Data versus Information.

2. The ASCII code versus the Unicode.
3. The ROM versus the RAM.
4. Primary Storage versus Secondary Storage.
5. Natural Languages versus Programming Languages.
6. The Decimal Systems versus the Binary System.
7. Psycho-informatics versus Business Informatics (BI).
8. System Software versus Application Software.
9. Digital Image Processing versus Computer Graphics versus Computer Vision.
10. A Kilo in the Metric System versus a Kilo in the Binary System.
11. A Bit versus a Byte.
12. Syntax versus Semantics (in programming languages).
13. The Arabic Numerals versus the Roman Numerals.
14. Pseudocode versus Flowcharts.
15. Conditions/Decisions versus Loops/Repetitions (in an algorithm).
16. Critical Systems versus Real-Time Systems.

Question 3: Draw a suitable block diagram of the basic organization of a computer hardware
system, and describe them in brief.

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Question 4: Given the following solved example for calculating the value of the decimal
number (9804)10:
9 8 0 4
× × × ×
1000 (i.e., 103) 100 (i.e., 102) 10 (i.e., 101) 1 (i.e., 100)
= = = =
9000 + 800 + 0 + 4 = 9804
What is the value of the following binary number (11010)2?
1 1 0 1 0
× × × × ×
____ (i.e., 24) ____ (i.e., 23) ____ (i.e., 22) ____ (i.e., 21) ____ (i.e., 20)
= = = = =
____ + ____ + ____ + ____ + ____ = ____

Question 5: Given the following examples of counting using the Arabic Numerals:
08 28 098 0998
09 29 099 0999
10 30 100 1000
11 31 101 1001
Complete the missing binary numbers in the following table:
0 1 0 [i.e., 2] _ _ _ _ [i.e., 6] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [i.e., 125] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [i.e., 253]
0 1 1 [i.e., 3] 0 1 1 1 [i.e., 7] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [i.e., 126] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [i.e., 254]
_ _ _ [i.e., 4] _ _ _ _ [i.e., 8] 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 [i.e., 127] 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 [i.e., 255]
_ _ _ [i.e., 5] _ _ _ _ [i.e., 9] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [i.e., 128] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [i.e., 256]

Question 6: Explain/Discuss the following concepts in detail (Search the internet to include more
information & details).
1. The properties (characteristics) of an Algorithm.
2. Algorithmic Efficiency (the efficiency of an algorithm).
3. The five Computer Generations along with the key characteristic of the computer in each
generation.
4. The classification of computer systems (i.e., the six basic categories of computers).
5. How images are represented in a computer system, and the relationship between videos and
images.
6. Artificial Intelligence, and mention some of its applications in everyday life.
7. Software Engineering.
8. The three generic types of errors in a computer program.

Question 7: Watch the following video that introduces "Apple Vision Pro," and then answer
the following questions [ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TX9qSaGXFyg ]:
1. "Your photos can be life-size or any size, so your living room becomes a gallery. And panoramas
wrap around you as if you're right where you took them." This functionality is an application of:
(a) Digital Image Processing. (b) Computer Graphics. (c) Computer Vision. (d) None of the
above.

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2. "Apple Vision Pro is Apple's first-ever 3D camera. Now you can capture photos and videos with
remarkable depth." This feature is an example of ____ devices. (a) Storage. (b) Communication.
(c) Output. (d) Input.
3. "Since your eyes see the world with incredible resolution, we built a micro-OLED display system
that fits 64 pixels in the same amount of space as a single iPhone pixel, and packs 23 million into
two panels the size of a postage stamp. That's more than a 4K TV for each eye, giving you jaw-
dropping, life like clarity." This feature is an example of _____ devices. (a) Storage.
(b) Communication. (c) Output. (d) Input.
4. "Experiences on Vision Pro can also expand in three dimensions, filling the entirety of your
space. Like in the Mindfulness app, where you can create a moment of calm." This application
can be considered as an example of: (a) Bio-Informatics. (b) Psycho-Informatics. (c) Eco-
Informatics. (d) Engineering Informatics.
5. "To power a spatial computer like Apple Vision Pro required an innovative dual-chip design. M2
provides phenomenal performance, and a brand-new chip, R1, processes sensor data at
incredible speed, virtually eliminating lag, so experiences take place in real time right in front of
your eyes." Both M2 and R1 are examples of _____ devices. (a) Storage. (b) Communication.
(c) Output. (d) Input. (e) Processing.
6. "Spatial Audio surrounds you and makes you feel like you're a part of the action." This is mainly
an application of: (a) Databases. (b) Data Structures. (c) Digital Signal Processing. (d) Computer
Vision.
7. "And Safari expands so you can see all your open tabs." Safari is considered a: (a) System
Software. (b) General-purpose Application. (c) Special-Purpose Application. (d) Utility Program.
(e) Library Program.
8. "This is visionOS, Apple's first-ever spatial operating system. It's familiar, yet ground breaking.
You navigate with your eyes. Simply tap to select, flick to scroll, and use your voice to dictate."
VisionOS is considered a: (a) System Software. (b) General-purpose Application. (c) Special-
Purpose Application. (d) Utility Program. (e) Library Program.
9. "Your Persona dynamically reflects your face and hand movements, so when you're chatting,
people see your eyes, hands, and true expressions." Creating a persona/avatar that captures and
reflects your movements and expressions is an application of both Computer Vision and
Computer Graphics. (a) True. (b) False.
10. "We engineered a system that uses advanced machine learning to represent you realistically
when you're in FaceTime." Machine learning is a subset/subfield of AI that focuses on the
development of algorithms and statistical models that allow computers to learn and make
predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed. (a) True. (b) False.
11. "The web comes to life at fantastic scale. Text is crisp and easy to read. Browsing the internet
feels new." These features are all aspects that ____ specialists and designers may work on to
optimize the user's experience. (a) Databases. (b) Programming Languages. (c) Human-
Computer Interaction. (d) Artificial Intelligence. (e) Computer Vision.

With my best wishes;

Dr. Amr S. Ghoneim

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