UNIT -TL @ | ee Te * fBilibas + Design Enfreetiog : Design paocess and Besign qua- sity , Design concepts » the Design model +Cacating 07 onctfitectunat design + Gebtwocre cnctfitecture » Sata design » Packftectust styles e potteans » hackitectusal Sesign + | Desgn exireng > Design Engineering encompasses (Suracunds ) the set of ptine- pes, concepts & practices thet toad 40 the deveteprrent oF High quatity system o% product by Bosign creates 9 yepresontatfon CF mode) of the sobienore oy Fe goat ok deagn engineering “© peroehire Co eaten ay gontation that cxhtbits fiemness Chixedness ) » commodity C Con: vendint ) & detight C satishaction ) L, Qesign model provides details about Bobtware architect » ftespaces & componente thet are necessary to frnplement the Sigtero > Quality %s established during design > Beiign sit at dhe heme! Of Soktwoore engineering » design sete dhe stage tox constauction A Bedin paccess & Betiqn paltty + | 4 Beko design is an Stestative process thragh ushich requi- yements are translated “nto a‘ blue prints” bor constaucting the Sebtuoore > Whtialty » the biueptints yepresents a. “holistic view eb the Sef-toare = fees the detiqn 4s, vopresented at High Jovet of absteaction - B; . nepa.ned ‘by: G. gSueiha, Assistant Brofecsow, CSE Bept.» VGSE-KNR,lew) that con be divecthy Traced fo Ahe specie Sytem objective € rove dotaited data , tunctfonal, & behavicuras requ Frements - > Tryrcughouet the design process y the quality of the evolving design “s assessed udfth a Seies © bosmal technical veviawos 12 Trough design process the quatity ef the 6o}fuare can be assessed “that! defign process showtd have 3 characteristics that] serve as a quide for evaluation OF oped desiqn : |4* "Te design must froplement alt of he eaplict roqsiemente contained in tho analysis mode) » & 7 must accommodate all of the Implicit requitsements defired by the customes & Te design rust be readable . understandable quice fox +th- cose who est & subsequently suppoH Abe soltware 3) Fe design should provide 0 complete picture o- the sobteome saddessing the dota» Functional & behavfounal domains feiom an “implementation pesspective = SEE cca > Ke aan achieve a geod qgtatity bor design process by using the foltowing quidetines ¢ 4p A design ghoutd exhibit. an anctfitecture that hos been crea- ted using recognizable, architecture! Styles ox pattesne , It Fs composed ef components that exhibit qood design chavaclevic— 4ies » & can be Smplementedl §n an evolutionary fashion , ther by sacilitating Gamplemontaction € testing py A design choutd be modutax , fe, the sebtiome sheutd be Logically paxtitioned Into elernents or subsysterne 3), 8 design shoud contadn dikberent representations of data,Ein “choacteristics- . r, Rd tend 4 Aptesfaces that yeduce the comple asty 6 comnetiens boboren components @ with external envi- { Sate Ee B design shoutd be dhiven Bgrprorme ton fo) deaived using o repeatable method Fer blavined during soltware. aecpeinerments | onalysis : | @)- B design choutd be represented uLfing a netation Abat ebbe4 tively communicates “te meaning AGunlty Aeevbater > Hewlett - packard developed a sel of sobfiomne quatity ottai— butes thad has been given the acicnym EORPS * Functionality » usability , rotiabitity » perdosmance + supportobility - > The FurPS quality attvibutes veprescnt 0. tonget for tt soft - ome des ign + Functionality = Tt 7s ageessed by evatuating the peatunes Sot & capabilities Of the progam » the qencaatity of 4he functions thot oxo derived » & the secusity Of the overall sietem- Usability = Jt is assoscod Cestinnoted ) by considering human actors » aecthetice , Consistency » & documentation - Cappreciotion of beauty hey,bac Ba oe + abitity to extend the pro onceptt Be orsentot Sseftware design concepts has evelved the history at sebtwore engineeding - Design Concepts can be categorized nto Q-yper » ushich ore qiven as follows + 4). Abstraction - R- Aachitecture 3) Pattems yy Modutarvity - >>. Intormation hiding 6). Functional Andeperdence Ay. Retinement By Rebactoying 9). esign Classes nestraction = Iy When we Consider a meclutar solution to any problem » man, feyels Ob abstraction can be posed ot highest, Lovet ef abstraction , a solution Is stated 9%of finetructions ckion- betaaction could be the word hic & Mingted ten “hatred > An example eb a procedural al 4or a door: sequence of procedural shepe Ceqy unlk und belt) » Lun kncb > Open “amples a. Song 4p the. the door » reach outt meh ee &, pu doos , step awoy 420m moving doos » ete 2 lection of data thet descs4 A Gata abetracticn’ 9s a named co! Sbes a data object - procedural abcksaction Open’ fed cloos - =) > In te context ob we can dekind a data abstraction cal > Kike ony data object + + encompass & set Of attributes thot type swing divection » Opening mechariicm rovight diimensione 7 ation of program com-| PPrchitectune > Arckitectine is the stauctuie OF cngeniz ponents Crnodules ) & Ahdir Interconnection - > Re orchitectused design can be represented using one Oo move ok a no: Ob Lifberent models. Tey are; Btsuctinel models » Framework moclels » Qynornic modete » Process models abut models ay an cnqarized > Ptouctuses models represent archikectine coltection of program components :nese OF tech~ on the design ‘of the bufi can be used 10 presont the dunc , Patterns provides & description that enables a desiqnes to — detewmfne the bollovoing « ay. Whether the pation fc applicable to the curaent Ook: by- Wibethen abe pattern con be aeutsed : o sghethes the pattem can geave At 0. quice got developing or structurally dPrpevent Patten a dimitar bt gunc¥iona lly b Modiutonity yo nto separately named @ addressable Ly Bivides the sebsuon cornponents » sometimes called modules - ated to satishy problem srequTrernents : Ly Modules ave Snkeqn' 5 Consider 2 paoblems Pa & PP 4p the complexity of Pa 7S CPL @ complexity Of PP §g:cpe then ebrcett +o Solve P1 = Cpt & ebice: to sole pe=Cpr >t CPL» Cpr then eps pepe - 5 Fe complexity oF tws0 problems when they Ove combined Fe olten qreater shan the gum Cb peaceived complexity when onch 45 token separately - > Based on Divide & Conquer Storeqy +44 4 easies to Sohe a Beonphes problem ushen broken Ynto sub mecules »Eiquaes modutontty & Sohne cost eee a by tnbormation contolined within o modulo 4 inaccessible to other modules eho do not need such Inbornmation - > dt is achieved by debirfing & set ef ‘independent mecdulee that communicate with one another onty “that Inbowmation 4 nece-| to achieve sopboore function greatest benefits ushen modifications are. sory > tH abso provides the scoquired dunting testing & tater: > Ea10%8 Smtxocluced tuning motitication are less tikety $0 poopagate to others Location utthin the sobtcoare- -Functfonad 1 lence | (FL) moduuavity + abstvaction, & we bu is a dinect ouetgrcusth Ob Anbownadion bicting - > pnd ate achieved by developing a module with Single nf nded dunction & can aversion Cturrfing ao aatoxaction with other modules: ay ) to excessivesion union, sticting togethes ) + perkorms a task requin’ing$ N8ttte Interaction with othes Components ping Ccomtining » pais ;- Measure of Intexconnection 0g modules: a Caleeaa design 2 PCr Ee: Ht 1s @ process ef dlaboration from bigh fovel abctsaction to the Lowest tevet abetsaction 4 High tovel abslaaction begine with statement ef functions > Rob Snement scauses the desiqnes to elaborate providing more, & more detoils at successive Level of abstractions - > Abstaaction & seffinement are complementary concepts be tow & Cohesion should be high tox goed | Retactorng pr Reba G the process Of Changinga sobticave system 2m | F such © vooy that does not alter the externa beha view ctl | the code. yet Improves fits internal stsucture- © | > hf organization Lechrique that Simpsities the design of a | component octthout chonging ts function ar behavior ‘DH examines for sedundancy » unused design eloments ¢, in-| ebbicient or unnecessary algorithms - | | | | | |oor o | fr Besign Classes * Peg Ly class represents co dibberont Lares of degiqn aschitecture - > © *ypes a} Rreiqn clagser ; User Intesqace class » Business clo- main class, process class » nt class » System class | HUSer Anterpace class’ defines ath a Yione that ore necescary fox human computes Gntoxaction ! ¥ Busines yo often aeofinernente ce attyibites & lasses debined tt od 40 ‘implement come element ob ~the persiste betsac! af -the analy. sis ¢ ceavices Cme-| Meda) cre OO bud) ness domain # Pxocess classes’ od to getty man age Lowes bevel business abstractions | lemain clasees Smplements the business d asict bexyend] | roquin ¥ Roxsistent clase yopresent data stows thos wilh pe +the exert tion of the sofoare | 4 system class” Gmmpements management eg contool unctions +o operate & corprnuniicarte ucfthin the commpurtes environment & eotth the outeide world FF Te Design Moc = | 2 dibberent climenst- n be viewed 7 abstaact dimension - 0 evolution C development | exp gs design touke aye’ execietect | | > The Lesiqn modlel cou ong as process dimen cates th sion » & |» Process dimension “indi ansion ) of the clesign model &@ as a part of sobtioare process + Te abstract dimension vropresents os cach element of the analyse mode! Bacency eq-tvatent & hep actined Ftevativety the. Level Of details io ranshormedt “intClase Diagaar Wee-cace cagron Analyste packogs Acuity dia-| ceo rodete Mase a 0 A , a qSwimlane. dio ae Requirements ) sarnc| Es | 2 Datatlow a Conctroints enn, Mi | dian diagrams |Contavlblao dtaqvan| Ainteroperabh e dataoo dtagia Glare ae Procesding naw ae 3 Contolblow diany atwet| Targets 6 S|] Process nama) Seqsence di-| State Aiagron| 2 a tives agrame| Coguence dian Conbf quaation, Architecture design elements give Ws an the gobtvoare- + Me architectural model %s derived Prom @) Sources ; ation domatin ef the software 49 Inbormation about the applic _& pee eden such Ou dacta low diagrams or anatysid 1 over cl View ofrife user Antestace COT) a a External Antestaces to other systems » devices netuwosks, or othes producess or consumess Ob antormeaction + & 3): Internal Gmteataces between vartous desiqn components - qn lomants oOD the goptwone to Com] tena conmrunication , Coll enable “0 nents that populace the sobtwae > TRese Intesbace desi mouaicate externally & abovation among the Compt anchitectuve- | Exy The sateHome security $unction makes Use eh control panel that alloos & home ouones +O contsol certain aspects ofthe secy| udity unction - Control Panel ‘Lends LEDindicatore KeyPad Chavaclesisrite speaker ee _—__Of. read key Staoke.c )| decodekey ¢ ) dfcplay Status ¢ 9 KghtLeDs( > send ControlM.s4¢ 9 Nib a er : Figr eM Anterace weprosentastion chor Contec Panel ToncessPDA| © —=«meblOPhone_|moponert Wve Snternat details ef cach Sotto: To accomplish this » -the component ~ data stouctinee for all Local data objects & olqotithrtic de- 4oah bor all processing that Occune thin a component & an Prtongace that ablovos access to all ccmponent opescrtions - ar Elquiet UML component diagram bor Sensosnonagenens + in the above tiguae » @ Comporent named ‘GensosManagenent ched arrow yeprecomte connects the Com- §.c, assigned to Se - lovet defiqn ‘defines 4g represented ) ada ponent to class named Sensos +> Fe Sensor Management Component Perstorme att tunctions associated with Sabettome sensooe finchuding monfitoving e conbiquating “ther - + Te Pesign detofle of 9 compenent can be modeled cf many Jovets ob abstraction : Qeployment-level design elements > Beployment level desiqn elements Indicate hou seytuare bunctionality & Subsysteme toil) be attocated cefith In the Physical computing environment -Figene;- Gefayment dlaqrom tor “Sajettone >The subsystems C bunctionality > poucedt eOfthin “the each computing element axe 4ndicated - > Pn externas Access subsystem Ao desiqned to manage att attempts to accest “the Sahetiome cyckem from extesno! source -tu n nee 0} the syste ‘componente » the externally visibe paopestics o | rotatfonship among NON one Luware axchitecture 95 not the operational so}tunare: that enabler software enginees toe ig” Gy rmeeting its sta peat iso representation ¢- Analyee the ebkeckiveness of the dest sed aoguitrements : x. Consider aschitec des%qn changes 4s aa Roduces the wick ASSOC Ly Axchftectur fe Feopostant becoust af -the folowing @ key seasons > A Representadions of Sho aachitectuse onebles communication & undesstanding between stakeholders tqhtights easly design Jura) atieanactive at 0 stage when waking ott) vetatively easy gated votth conetouiction of “the ShO- decisions tO create an opesational eH entity - ay Conctituctes % model ey thes Intesconne- x é of Sho omporente ction.cormponent fovel - rani rq fovel | 2° Pata bose at application level - worse house, 0 budness level: 3). Gato gota Sesign ot components ERT concentrate on the available > At this level, Oe generally forms of data yoke data stauctuse a, ite comsosponcting alge" aithms: | Principles bor data | 4). popes election ob 2 “Hentibication of atibute & tu ph these. within & class. ation of “he content of cach data | cpocityicartion + data objects & data & data moclets: notions & theis encap station object ctass diagre™ may be used: uy. Rebinernent of data design ejoments from requcrrement ana Sycie to Commporent level design : 5). Anowmation hiding | | |nt 20 udhich were on the product - at Budiness lel © Bata Seige ~ One the data 4 stored in the database, nao we concen- rate. Jarqety on §mpzeving Ge stosage aspecte Foy acquirs- ot applied red data with less epbo chieved by data woorehouii fing he ogy > Ris can be a nq meochasficme- fanchtroctira! BUS SL Patterns | dochttecturad Sis » onchftectuTal otyle 2, a tranchosrnostion §.0 Annposed n entire system: wo hos OU cormponents o} the system: ber @ Suieten) corte qony Aha enco ~ mpasses ¢ Aya set oh. componente - i a cet ot comectors her © dination - nobles “cammunication & Coocus Coreqortes w+ Categories oF avchthectunal styler . Data Centered onchitectune* | op. Pata tiow architecture: gp Cat! & actusn architecture y- Lauyered aschitectuse- Bota centered orettternen i Figuee = Pata Centered architecture idle ct the i In the above aschttectune, essentiol data vesi contre Ob the anrchite ctu > AU the client Siu are A > These ctiemt sj con ead data 7:2, thoy can delete » clhorized to accese hic data: ed roceniprtate the Ce palate » add, ete §ndepe nteved ndentlyRiccne chant he dew oF Sat y Ee componente € OEPAT Oey ayo eet Of componente cadleal perth bor flove of data: g wook Independent ob ite neighbouring Pintes > db doin Hous generates anto a single Kine Ob ranckoom , te % reamed CF batch 5! > We diagrammatic representation of data Re ghougn betous ° equential 2 : boo orchitectume a mat rates rite I rile Filtee —~—> Output ie Filtexs Fiquve- Ontia-plow archttectwu2 Galt & sets oxchitectine > Tk achieves a structure that Is easy to moclity sak) > Tis architecture has tuo sib tyler + Main progam | Remote procedure cat! arc hitecture - suab proq7a. architecture +oo Hquie ssopresonts “the: rain program © s Fig- main program | sub program aachitecture Je Remote procedure Call oachttecture -} Componente ©b- main progrom | Sub prog acsoss Computes? over netroork - Bags ee I 3 dn this architecture» O number of dibbesent Layeae ase depaned. #- Lnnex Layes CAntes-ace With OS ) x Intermediate Soros C witty Seovicos e applicaction tun— ction: ‘ # Oeste Josyor C user Inteshace ) am are Aictsvi buted > each of these Jayore clebin | er a Aebinite cet Ob operation,nee Layered Me rectangular ama! boxes 7 a Aarchitectuna) ROsSEns =~ 3 Prchitecturas pattern" tox core. behavioural © qt tvanshoome the detgn archttectuse patteon = > However» 4h cach other 4 Ay The scope of the pattesn aspect Of “he om aris patiesn enthely- ay A pattern ‘imposes WU hao the Sh od Snprastsuctue love} 3: Herchitectena porteane tend nothing but 4the. components agsoc’ Gg O template hovactevictics Of “the of an anchitecture - ny numben of Locus - ae lese broad, +ocesi reclfcectiae The lo. On “the architecture » no wil} handle some Aochttectuse epresented Rn cach Sayer axe Fated with that Layes Anat specibies approach gyciem: & aschitectuse style Ahlen on one than “the architecture describing aspects Of He bunctionatity to addresc specibic behavi- ace.dite muttiple tasks in @ mannes Che» AKts occu uoheneves peraallel Ginga processos ) - > For exampk » one approach 4 to Use an operccting system Fn opesating cue management pattern Ahet provides built — tom features that allow components to execute CO thy -meane wAhic pattern also §ncowporates 0S functionality beluseen processes » scheduting 3 Many @pplicatione must han that simulates paraltetiom } tacks oF components awe managed by NcuIsen— es communication that manag a cthes capabilities ogpured to achfeve Cencuraency eee ce -» Bata persists 4% suavives past the execution eb the pro cess, that created it: > Persistent data ove Stoved Sn aead cx modified by other processes act 7 ‘eeneral, 2 anckitectuva} pottesne ave cued to achieve persistence - 0 database management system pattesn that apphies “tho stowage FF yelvieval Capability of @ OEMs to database os tile &: may be a later time -ddresses the manner Yn usbich sye— ystems communicate with problem tems Qe Componente votthin the Bee anie acenbited envronnert - -thic problem + An which entities Connect to one another: J communication thot occurs bitectuxal pattesn 8c establiched to soblem fe beokes pattern: eh a backer architecture - > Tore me 2 elements +o | ay Te ooy &> The Nature © — The most conmmon ame addyece -the dictvibution Pp > eqs corBA is an example a ictitectural Belin Re onchitectural! Postgn begins Oth representing the system eq content. 72 debiring the externas entities Antentaces have been described » the ~> One all external Sho desiqnes specities. the stauctuve Of system by debining & 2e- binfing sius Componente ° Repesentten the System Th cater Te Sho architect uses On architectural context diagrarn 4o mode} the manner an ushich Sivo Antexacte with entities +0 4s boundaries - > Feblowing §¢ the diagrammatic reprecentaction of the gene- wal architecture) context diagram ;ease THese systems use the Large system Gu part © Sore Aigher Lever Processing scheme - Subordinate Syctems aren ced by the target syctem Provide | HP rese Systeme that ove a data ox processing ey necessmy 4o complete. Longet system functionality , | paces | "Rose cne entities thar Gnteract with the system by prod- Fey necessary for requti+ ugg consuming fnt-ormation | ing procesting Reers $- 7 "Mese ave the systeme which ey Ainteract with ~the ton qe eyctem C came as Client-server ‘interaction )‘class os patten prowente a core | ech 8 exivical tothe defiqn © ctume oa ne the tottoing onchetypes fos @ Sate Home secusity system 4s given os follows <- Nodes Repaesents Aho Intesconnected Qnpuct @ ocetpect components pertaining 40 “gabe Home’ syctern: Oetector- Tt encompasses the Logic that into ovqet cyeten: tndfcases i Represents att mecharisms C Mike altasm, Hash Sight» bette) bor Indicating ‘thet on alonm condition fic occu eystem: exampe. we Can defi provides ‘inkcarnaction fing - Conttolles + ‘THe shows “the mechaniem thet atouos “the Suppo} se¥ing 4 given node can be provided woth or without the authority ° 3] catroller yerfides 00 Yo, they have ability & com cate with me another - muni [ Tontotlor | preg ockiOry retalbndip PET Lonmtes woth Generalization Figi- Omi architectine. e, archo-type. Notation. fox Sate toma9g retinal Sate wd Frio compro tte Sar come Olct ounce $08 the derivation gy veyinenent of compon' erment Comporents 1 Communication % EXE Te momory monaq components » a ) eta » & task monagement compo nents are Integrate ge Foltnioing ean ex0rp database com A Anko cho orchitectune- pitecture ebsucture Clestgned i) le OC!