Name : _________________________

Peter

9/25/23
Date: _________________________

Secondary 3 Mathematics: Angles, Triangles and Polygons (Revision)

1. Types of Angles

Types of Angles Description Drawings

Right angle Angles with internal angle that is
equal to 90°

Acute angle Angles less than 90°

Obtuse angle Angles between 90° and 180°

Reflex angle Angles more than 180°

Complementary angles Two or more angles that add up to 90°

Supplementary angles Two or more angles that add up to

180°
(∠# on a str line)
Vertically opposite angles Two angles that are opposite each
other when two straight lines crossed.
(vert opp ∠#)
Angles at a point Angles at a point adds up to 360°
(∠# at a point)

SISB 1
2. Angles Formed by Parallel Lines
Types of Angles Drawings

Corresponding angles
(corr ∠#, // lines)

Alternate angles
(alt ∠s, // lines)

Interior angles
(int ∠#, // lines)

3. Properties of Triangles
Worked Example 1 – Angle sum of Triangle
The angle sum of a triangle is 180°
∠$ + ∠& + ∠' = 180° (∠ sum of △)

Worked Example 2 – Exterior angle of triangle

∠. = ∠/ + ∠0 (ext ∠ of △)

SISB 2
Triangles are classified according to
(a) the number of equal sides

Types of △s Scalene triangle Isosceles triangle Equilateral triangle

Properties • There are no equal • There are 2 equal • There are 3 equal
sides sides sides
• All angles are of • 2 base angles are • All 3 angles are
different sizes equal equal (i.e. 60°)
Drawing

(base ∠ of isos △) (equil △)

(b) the types of angles

Types of Angles Acute-angled Right-angled Obtuse-angled

triangle triangle triangle
Properties • All 3 angles are • One angle is 90° • One angle is more
acute than 90°

SISB 3
4. Angle Properties of Quadrilaterals

Name Description Figure

Trapezium • One pair of parallel opposite sides

Parallelogram • Two pairs of parallel opposite sides.

• Opposite sides are equal in length
• Opposite angles are equal
• Diagonals bisect one another

Rhombus • Two pairs of parallel opposite sides.

• Four equal sides
• Opposite angles are equal.
• Diagonals bisect one another at 90°
• Diagonals bisect the interior angles.

Rectangle • Two pairs of parallel opposite sides.

• Opposite sides are equal in length.
• Diagonals are equal in length.
• Diagonals bisect one another.

SISB 4
 Square • Two pairs of parallel opposite sides.
• Four equal sides
• All four angles are right angles.
• Diagonals bisect each other at 90°.
• Diagonals bisect the interior angles.

Kite • No parallel sides

• Two pairs of equal adjacent sides.
• One pair of equal opposite angles.
• Diagonals intersect at 90°.
• One diagonal bisects the interior
angles.

5. Types of Polygons

Number of Number of
Name and Drawing Name and Drawing
sides sides

3 sides
7 sides

4 sides 8 sides

5 sides 9 sides

6 sides 10 sides

Note: A regular polygon has all sides of the same length and all angles are equal.

SISB 5
The sum of interior angles of an n-sided polygon = (2 − 2) × 180°

("#$)×'()°
The size of each interior angle of a regular n-sided polygon = "

The sum of exterior angles of a n-sided polygon = 360°

+,)°
The size of each exterior angle of a regular n-sided polygon = "

Note: Interior angle + Exterior angle = 180° (supplementary angles)

Example: Triangle
The sum of interior angles of a triangle = (3 − 2) × 180°
= 1 × 180°
= 180°

The size of each interior angle of an equilateral triangle

(+#$)×'()°
= +

= 60°

+,)°
The size of each exterior angle of an equilateral triangle = or 180° − 60°
+

= 120°

The sum of the exterior angle of an equilateral triangle = 360°

Example: Rectangle
The sum of interior angles of a rectangle = (4 − 2) × 180°
= 2 × 180°
= 360°
(-#$)×'()°
The size of each interior angle of a rectangle = -

= 90°
+,)°
The size of each exterior angle of a rectangle = or 180° − 90°
-

= 90°

The sum of the exterior angle of a rectangle = 360°

SISB 6
 Name : _________________________

Date: _________________________

Angles, Triangles and Polygons – Worksheet 1

1. In triangle ABC, angle BAC = 70°, angle ABC = 2<° and angle ACB = 3<°.
Find the value of <.

Answer: < = ________________

2. In trapezium ABCD, AD is parallel to BC, => = >?, angle DAC = 32° and
angle CAB = 86°.

Find
(a) x,
(b) y,
(c) z.

Answer: (a) < = ________________

(b) @ = ________________

(c) A = ________________

SISB 7
3. In the diagram ABCD is a quadrilateral, with E a point on AD.
∠=B? = 130°, ∠B?> = 112°, ∠?>= = 75°, B? = ?> and BD is parallel to ?>.

Find
(a) ∠B=>,
(b) ∠B>D,
(c) ∠>BD.

Answer: (a) ∠B=> = ________________ °

(b) ∠B>D = ________________ °

(c) ∠>BD = ________________ °

SISB 8
4. The interior angle of a regular polygon is 156°.
How many sides has the polygon?

Answer: 2 = ________________

5. EFGHI is a regular pentagon.

EIJ and GHJ are straight lines

Calculate angle HJI.

Answer: ∠EFG = ________________

SISB 9
6. The diagram below shows two identical regular pentagons.
Find
(a) ∠EHI,
(b) ∠HIE, and
(c) obtuse ∠=B?

Answer: (a) ∠EHI = ________________ °

(b) ∠HIE = ________________ °

(c) Obtuse ∠=B? = ________________ °

SISB 10
7. The diagram below shows a regular polygon, a square and a regular hexagon that are joined
together.

(a) Find the values of

(i) p°
(ii) q°
(b) Hence, find the number of sides of the
regular polygon.

Answer: (a) (i) $ = ________________ °

(ii) & = ________________ °

(b) ________________ sides

SISB 11
8. The diagram shows a regular pentagon ABCDE and part of a regular polygon PQABRS
with n sides which are drawn on opposite sides of the common line AB.
Given that ∠=KD = 34°, find
(a) ∠D=K,
(b) ∠B=K,
(c) the value of n.

Answer: (a) ∠D=K = ________________ °

(b) ∠B=K = ________________ °

(b) the value of n = ________________

SISB 12
9. ABCD is a parallelogram. Given that ∠=B? = (3< − 65)° and ∠=>? = 2<°. Find the
(a) the value of x,
(b) ∠>=B.

Answer: (a) < = ________________ °

(b) ∠>=B = ________________ °

10. The interior angles of a pentagon are 100°, 95°, 2x°, x° and 2x° respectively. Find the value
of x.

Answer: < = ________________ °

SISB 13
11. (a) Three of the exterior angles of a polygon with n sides are 60°, 45° and 75°. The
remaining exterior angles are each 30°. Calculate the value of n.

Answer: (a) n = ________________

(b) ABCDEF is a hexagon. Find the value of w.

Answer: (b) w = ________________

SISB 14
12. The diagram below is made up of a square, a regular pentagon and a regular polygon of n
sides. ABCDE shows part of the n-sided polygon.
Find
(a) ∠B?L,
(b) the interior angle of n-sided polygon ∠B?>
(c) the number of sides n

Answer: (a) ∠B?L = ________________ °

(b) ∠B?> = ________________ °

(c) 2 = ________________

SISB 15
 Name : _________________________

Date: _________________________

Angles, Triangles and Polygons – Worksheet 2

1. (a) Find the number of sides of a regular polygon if the difference between an interior angle
and exterior angle is 150°.
(b) When the eight sides of an octagon are produced in order, three of the exterior angles
are formed are each equal to x° and the remaining exterior angles formed are each equal
to x° + 20°. Hence, write down two possible values of the interior angle of the octagon.

Answer: (a) ________________ sides

(b) Interior angle = _________ ° and _________ °

SISB 16
2. (a) Each exterior angle of a regular polygon is 24°. Find the number of sides of the polygon.

Answer: (a) ________________ sides

(b) Interior angles of a hexagon are (x + 20)°, 120°, 53°, (2x – 24)°, 3x° and 17°.
Find the value of x.

Answer: (b) x = ________________

3. (a) Calculate the size of an exterior angle of a regular polygon with 12 sides.

Answer: (a) each exterior angle = ________________ °

(b) Tile P is in the shape of a regular 12-sided polygon.

Explain, showing your working clearly, whether tiles P will fit together on the floor
without gaps.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

SISB 17
4. A, B, C , D, .... is part of a regular polygon. Given that reflex angle ABC = 225o, how many
sides does the polygon have?

Answer: ________________ sides

5. The ratio of an interior angle to an exterior angle of a regular polygon is 5 : 1. Find

(a) the size of each exterior angle,

Answer: (a) ________________ °

(b) the number of sides of the regular polygon.

Answer: (b) ________________

6. A decagon has 6 interior angles of 125° . The remaining interior angles are all equal. Find
the size of the each of the remaining interior angles.

Answer: ________________ °

SISB 18
7. In the diagram, ABCDE is a regular pentagon where A is due north of E.
Find the bearing of
(a) B from A,
(b) D from A,
(c) C from E.

Answer: (a) ________________ °

(b) ________________ °

(c) ________________ °

8. The diagram shows a regular hexagon and a regular pentagon.

Find x.

Answer: x = ________________

SISB 19
9. The diagram shows a pentagon ABCDE and a regular hexagon DEFGHI sharing a common
side DE. AE and CD are produced to meet at P such that DDEP is an isosceles triangle. FE
and ID are produced to meet at Q. ÐEAB = ÐABC = ÐBCD = 110°.

Stating your reasons clearly, find

(a) ÐAED,
(b) ÐDPE,
(c) ÐPDQ.

Answer: (a) ∠=D> = ________________ °

(b) ∠>MD = ________________ °

(c) ∠M>K = ________________ °

SISB 20
10. The diagram shows an irregular polygon.
Find the sum of all interior angles of this polygon.

Answer: ________________ °

11. The diagram shows part of a regular polygon PQRS ... .

Reflex angle QRS = 198°.

(a) Find angle QPS.

Answer: (a) ∠KMN = ________________ °

(b) Find the sum of interior angles of the polygon.

Answer: (b) ________________ °

SISB 21