PMT

Mark Scheme (Results)

November 2020

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE

In Chemistry (4CH1) Paper 1C and Science
(Double Award) (4SD0) Paper 1C
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Autumn 2020
Publications Code 4CH1_1C_2011_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2020
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General Marking Guidance

• All candidates must receive the same

treatment. Examiners must mark the first candidate in
exactly the same way as they mark the last.
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates
must be rewarded for what they have shown they can do
rather than penalised for omissions.
• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme
not according to their perception of where the grade
boundaries may lie.
• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark
scheme should be used appropriately.
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be
awarded. Examiners should always award full marks if
deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the mark
scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to award
zero marks if the candidate’s response is not worthy of
credit according to the mark scheme.
• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will
provide the principles by which marks will be awarded
and exemplification may be limited.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application
of the mark scheme to a candidate’s response, the team
leader must be consulted.
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the
candidate has replaced it with an alternative response.
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Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
1 (a) (i) Boron/B 1
cler

(ii) Na/Mg/Al 1
cler

(iii) Silicon/Si 1
cler

(iv) Nitrogen/N ALLOW N2 1

cler

(v) aluminium oxide ALLOW Al2O3 1

cler

(b) (i) D Group 0 is correct because Group 0 contains 1

elements that are all unreactive comp

A is not correct because Group 2 does not contain

elements that are all unreactive

B is not correct because Group 5 does not contain

elements that are all unreactive

C is not correct because Group 6 does not contain

elements that are all unreactive

(ii)
B lithium is correct because lithhium 1
is the least reactive element in Group 1 comp
A is not correct because caesium is not the least
reactive element in Group 1

C is not correct because potassium is not the least

reactive element in Group 1

D is not correct because sodium is not the least

reactive element in Group 1

Total for Q1 = 7 marks

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Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
2 (a) 1 mark for each 3
correct line form cler
boxes on left

If more than one

line from a box
on left column do
not award mark
for that box

(b) a description including 3

grad
M1 measure the melting point ALLOW measure
boiling point for
M2 if fixed/sharp melting point the substance is pure M1 and
substitute b.p.
M3 if melts over range of temperatures the substance is a mixture for m.p in M2
and boils for
melts in M3

ALLOW max 2 if
reference to
freezing point as
opposed to
melting point

Total for Q2 = 6 marks

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Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
3 (a) (i) Q 1
cler

(ii) might be explosive/dangerous/unsafe 1

grad

(iii) RSPQ 1
cler

(b) (i) galvanising/galvanisation 1

grad

(ii) Any one from 1

grad
paint/oil/grease/sacrificial protection OWTTE IGNORE barrier
method

If answer to (i) missing

or incorrect credit
galvanising in (ii)

(c) (i) zinc displaces copper ALLOW zinc replaces 1

copper/zinc takes grad
oxygen from copper

(ii) M1 copper(II) oxide/CuO

2
M2 because copper(II) oxide/CuO/it loses oxygen ALLOW because expert
copper(II) oxide/CuO/it
gives oxygen to zinc/is
reduced

M2 DEP M1 or near
miss
e.g. Cu as it gives
oxygen to zinc scores 1
mark for M2

IGNORE references to
electrons
Total for Q3 = 8 marks
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Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
- -
4 (a) (i) hydroxide/OH ALLOW HO 1
grad
REJECT OH

(ii) C 11 is correct because 11 is a possible pH for 1

ammonia solution comp
A is not correct because 3 is not a possible pH for
ammonia solution
B is not correct because 6 is not a possible pH for
ammonia solution
D is not correct because 14 is not a possible pH for
ammonia solution

(b) (i) C a proton donor is correct because an acid acts 1

as a proton donor comp
A is not correct because an acid does not act as a
neutron donor
B is not correct because an acid does not act as a
neutron acceptor
D is not correct because an acid does not act as a
proton acceptor

(ii) C is correct because phenolphthalein is pink in alkali 1

and colourless in acid comp
A is not correct because phenolphthalein is not
orange in alkali and red in acid
B is not correct because phenolphthalein is not
yellow in alkali and red in acid
D is not correct because phenolphthalein is not
colourless in alkali and pink in acid
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Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
(c) (i) M1 ammonium ion is charged 1+ / NH4+ 2
AND sulfate ion is charged 2- /SO42- grad

M2 so charges balance/cancel (each other) OWTTE ALLOW so that

ammonium sulfate
has no overall
charge

M2 not dep on M1
(ii) [ [2x(14+4) + 32 + (4x16)] = ] 132 1
exp

(iii) Example calculation mark CQ from (i) 3

exp
212 without working
scores 3 marks

M1 132(g) ammonium sulfate contains 28(g) nitrogen /

1(g) ammonium sulfate contains (28÷132) (g) nitrogen

M2 1000(g) ammonium sulfate contains

1000 x (28÷132) (g) nitrogen

M3 = 212(.12) (g)

OR

M1 (moles of ammonium sulfate =) 1000 ÷ 132 OR 7.58

M2 (mass of nitrogen =) 28 x 1000 ÷ 132 OR 7.58 x 28

M3 = 212 (g) If 7.58 used in

calculation answer is
212.24

If 14 used instead of
28 answer of
106.(06) scores 2
marks with or without
working

ALLOW any number

of sig figs except 1

Total for Q4 = 10
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Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
5 (a) Any two from
2
M1 all in Group 7/same group Grad

M2 because all have 7/same number of electrons in

outer shell

M3 the number of shells determines the Period they

are in

(b) (i) Ultraviolet radiation ALLOW UV radiation 1

ALLOW ultraviolet light cler
/UV light/ultraviolet
rays/UV rays

(ii) Cl2 + CH4 CH3Cl + HCl ALLOW multiples 1

Grad

(iii) M1 attraction between shared pair of electrons 2

Exp
M2 and nuclei of the two/both atoms (in the bond)

OR

M1 bonding/shared pair of electrons

M2 attracted to (both) nuclei of atoms (in the bond)

ALLOW M1 attraction of
(two) nuclei
M2 for shared/bonded
pair of electrons
(between them)

(iv) M1 the four shared pairs of electrons between 2

carbon and the other four atoms Grad

M2 rest of molecule correct including the three lone M2 DEP M1

pairs of electrons around chlorine atom ALLOW any
combination of dots and
crosses

(v) M1 weak forces of attraction between ALLOW weak bonds 2

molecules/weak intermolecular forces between molecules Exp
/weak intermolecular
bonds

M2 little (heat) energy needed to overcome them IGNORE less energy

0 marks if implication is
that covalent bonds are
weak/broken
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(c) Explanation including

2
M1 (one) electron (per carbon atom) delocalised IGNORE sea of Exp
electrons /free electrons
M2 (so) free to move (between layers)
M2 DEP on mention of
electrons

0 marks if mention of
ions in graphite

Total Q5 = 12
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Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
6 (a) (i) M1 alkanes 2
Grad
M2 because fits general formula CnH2n+2 M2 not dep on M1

(ii) D ALLOW C3H8 1

cler

(iii) M1 (compounds of F with same molecular formula 3

/C4H10) but different structural/displayed formulae Exp

M2 structural/displayed formula of butane

M3 structural/displayed formulae of methylpropane

(b) a description including the following points 4

Exp

M1 heat/vapourise crude oil ALLOW boil

M2 pass into (fractionating) column/tower

M3 fractions/compounds/molecules/hydrocarbons ALLOW idea of

separate because of different boiling points temperature gradient

M4 compound D collected at top of column/in

refinery gas fraction

All marks could be

scored from a suitably
labelled diagram

MAX 3 if description of
lab process

If confusion with
cracking only M1 can be
awarded
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Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
6 (c) (i) addition (polymer) REJECT additional 1
Cler

(ii) poly(propene) / polypropene ALLOW polypropylene 1

grad

(iii) 2
Exp

M1 correct repeat unit Ignore bond angles

ALLOW use of CH3

M2 brackets and n and extension bonds M2 DEP M1

Total for Q6 = 14
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Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
7 (a) Sulfur ALLOW sulphur 1
cler
(b) any two from 2
exp
M1 concentration of hydrochloric acid

M2 concentration of sodium thiosulfate

M3 height of eye above flask OWTTE

M4 same size of flask

ALLOW same
colour/darkness
/size of cross
/use same
cross

(c) any one from IGNORE 1

references to exp
M1 the thiosulfate/solution would cool down/not remain at required some of
temperature solution might
evaporate

M2 larger (percentage) errors in values of times (as they become ALLOW too
smaller) short a time
leads to less
accurate
readings
OWTTE

(d) M1 all points plotted correctly (to the nearest grid line) 2
exp
M2 curve of best fit drawn IGNORE curve
below 20 and
above 60
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7 (e) (i) M1 line on graph from 45 ◦C to curve ALLOW mark on curve at 45 2

◦C exp

M2 candidate value of rate from graph at 45 ◦C ACCEPT value to +/– 0.0005

(expected value approx. 0.016/7)

(ii) M1 substitute answer from (i) into (time = 1 ÷ rate) 2

exp
M2 correct value ACCEPT answers to 2 or
more sig figs

rate = 0.016 time = 62.5

rate = 0.0165 time = 60.6
rate = 0.017 time = 58.8

(iii) as temperature increases rate of reaction increases ORA 1

ALLOW positive correlation grad

REJECT linear/directly
proportional

(f) explanation including following points

(when temperature increases)

M1 (mean) kinetic energy of particles increases ALLOW particles move faster 3

exp
IGNORE vibrate more/faster

M2 (so) more successful collisions per second/unit ALLOW reference to more

time / more frequent successful collisions frequent collisions between
particles having energy ≥
activation energy

M3 rate (of reaction) increases ALLOW reaction is faster

/speeds up

Total Q7 =14
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Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
8 (a) (i) measuring cylinder ALLOW pipette/burette 1
cler

(ii) to ensure temperature same throughout solution ACCEPT to ensure heat 1

OWTTE evenly distributed grad
throughout solution
OWTTE

(iii) blue IGNORE qualifiers eg 1

light/dark cler

REJECT blue-green

8 (b)
If readings are correct 3
Maximum temperature in oC 27.3 but in reverse order grad
award 1 mark for M1
Initial 24.4 and M2
temperature in
o
C

Increase in 2.9
temperature in
o
C

M1 27.3

M2 24.4

M3 2.9 ALLOW ECF for M3 if

M1 and/or M2 incorrect
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Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
8 (c) (i) • substitution into Q = mcΔT 2
• calculation of heat energy in Joules exp

Example calculation

M1 Q = 50 x 4.2 x 3.3

M2 693 J 693 without working

scores 2 marks

(ii) • calculate the amount, in moles, of CuSO4 exp

• divide Q by the amount in moles 4
• conversion to KJ
• give the correct sign

Example calculation

M1 1.70 ÷ 159.5 OR 0.0107 ALLOW any number of SF

throughout except one
M2 693 ÷ 0.0107 OR 64766 (J/mol)
Mark CQ from (i)

ALLOW use of 700

M3 64.8 (kJ/mol)

M4 – 64.8 (kJ/mol)
use of 700 gives -65.02
693 & 0.011 gives -63
700 & 0.011 gives -63.64

correct answer with

correct sign and without
working scores 4

correct answer without

sign or incorrect sign and
without working scores 3

8 (d)
M1 temperature decreases/falls 2
grad

M2 (so) endothermic

Total Q8 = 14
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Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
9 (a) (i) B decomposition 1
comp
A is not correct because when sodium
hydrogencarbonate is heated combustion does not
take place

C is not correct because when sodium

hydrogencarbonate is heated oxidation does not take
place

D is not correct because when sodium

hydrogencarbonate is heated reduction does not
take place

(ii) (because) carbon dioxide/gas is produced/given off 1

grad

9 (b) (i) to obtain a constant mass OWTTE / ACCEPT to ensure only 1

to show the reaction is complete OWTTE Na2CO3 is left (in exp
crucible)

ACCEPT to ensure all

the NaHCO3 has
reacted /decomposed

(ii) M1 advantage: to stop any solid/Na2CO3/NaHCO3 REJECT references to 2

spitting out/being lost stopping gases exp
escaping

M2 disadvantage: the gas(es)/CO2/H2O/steam could

not easily escape OWTTE
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Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
9 (c) (i) 3.25 (g) 1
exp

(ii) • calculate moles of NaHCO3 3

• use equation to determine moles of Na2CO3 exp
• multiply by Mr to find mass of Na2CO3

Example calculation:
mark CQ on (i)
M1 3.25 ÷ 84 OR 0.0387 (mol)
ALLOW any number of
M2 0.0387 ÷ 2 OR 0.01935 (mol) sig figs except 1
M3 0.01935 x 106 = 2.05 (g) 2.05 (g) without working
scores 3 marks

4.1 (g) without working

scores 2 marks
OR
• use of equation to relate mass of NaHCO3 to
mass of Na2CO3
• shows how to find mass of Na2CO3 using 3.25g
NaHCO3
• correct evaluation of answer

Example calculation:

M1 (2x84)/168 (g) NaHCO3  106 (g) Na2CO3

M2 3.25 (g NaHCO3) (106÷168) x 3.25 (g Na2CO3) mark CQ on (i)

M3 2.05 (g Na2CO3)

9 (d) (i) M1 percentage yield = 4.2÷4.8 OR 0.875 2

grad
M2 = (0.875 x 100) = 87.5 (%) ACCEPT 88 (%)
Correct answer without
working scores 2

(ii) any one from 1

grad
M1 sodium hydrogencarbonate was impure

M2 not all sodium hydrogencarbonate

reacted/decomposed

Total Q9 = 12 marks
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Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
10 (a)
M1 red lead oxide  lead(II) oxide + must have (II) 2
grad
M2 oxygen
ACCEPT answers in
either order

If formulae given allow 1

mark for O2 even if
formula for lead(II) oxide
is incorrect

10 (b) • dividing percentages by Ar 0 marks if division by 3

• correct results of divisions atomic numbers or exp
calculation upside down
• divide by smallest to obtain correct ratio/EF

Example of calculation:

Pb O

M1 86.6÷207 13.4÷16 ACCEPT alternative

methods

M2 0.42 0.84

M3 (0.42÷0.42 =)1 (0.84÷0.42 =) 2

(c) (i) M1 Pb3O4 (s) + 4HNO3 (aq) both state symbols 2

required grad

ALLOW upper case

letters for state symbols

M2 2Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2H2O both numbers required

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10 (c) (ii) description that makes reference to the following 6

three points: exp

M1 warm/heat (nitric) acid REJECT boil

M2 add/mix/react (red) lead oxide (and stir) IGNORE references to

adding excess(red) lead
oxide

M3 filter to obtain lead(II) nitrate solution ALLOW to remove

lead(IV) oxide/PbO2

ALLOW to remove
(unreacted/excess) red
lead oxide/Pb3O4

AND three of the following points:

M4 heat/boil (lead(II) nitrate) solution/filtrate If heat to dryness only

M4 can be scored

M5 until crystals form in a cooled sample/on a glass ACCEPT to

rod OWTTE crystallisation point/to
form a saturated
solution /until crystals
start to form /to remove
some of the water

M5 DEP M4

M6 leave solution to cool / leave solution for more

crystals to form
ACCEPT decant off the
M7(and then) filter off crystals/lead nitrate solution

M7 DEP M6

IGNORE references to
washing

REJECT hot oven or

M8 suitable method of drying the crystals eg using any method of direct
filter paper/using paper towel/in a warm oven heating eg Bunsen

ALLOW leave to dry but

not just dry the crystals

No M8 if crystals are
washed after drying

Total for Q10 = 13 marks

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