Functions Booklet - Grade 10
Functions Booklet - Grade 10
x -3 -2 0 1 4
The input values (the x values) are called the DOMAIN or independent variable . 𝑥 ∈
{… … ; … … ; … … ; … … ; … … }
The output values, (the y values) are called the RANGE, or dependant variable 𝑦 ∈
{… … ; … … ; … … ; … … ; … … }
We can represent relationships in different ways.
x -2 -1 0 1 2
y = -x +2
2. ORDERED PAIRS
3. GRAPHICALLY
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4. USING FUNCTIONAL NOTATION
𝑓(𝑥) = −𝑥 + 2
This means find the function value when This means find the value of x when the
x = 2 ; or when x = - 1 function value is 6
2. f x 1 x 2 . Calculate:
2.1 f 3 2.2 f 1 a 2.3 f x 2 2.4 f x f 2
f x h f x
4. If f x x 2 3x determine
h
2
Domain and Range
To be done with your educator: Write down the domain and range of each graph:
1. 2. 3.
(3;4) 4
-3
(-2;-1)
-4
4. 5. 6.
(3;2) 4
(-1;-2) -2 2
-2
-4
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Reading off information from a graph
……………………………………….
………………………………………...
…………………………………………….
……………………………………………..
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Worksheet 3: Reading off graphs
1. Consider the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = −𝑥 2 + 1 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 1
Use the graph to answer the following: g
1.1 𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 𝑖𝑠
𝑓(𝑥) = 0
1.2 𝐷𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑔(−1) =
1.3 𝐷𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑓(0) = 1
1.4 𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 𝑖𝑠
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑔(𝑥)
1.5 𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 𝑖𝑠
𝑓(𝑥) ≥ 𝑔(𝑥) -1 1
1.6 𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 𝑖𝑠
𝑓(𝑥) > 𝑔(𝑥) f
2.1 𝑓(𝑥) = 0
2.2 𝑔(𝑥) < 0
2.3 𝑓(𝑥) ≥ 0
2.4 𝑓(𝑥) ≤ 𝑔(𝑥)
2.5 𝑔(𝑥) − 𝑓(𝑥) = 5
2.6 𝑓(𝑥). 𝑔(𝑥) ≥ 0
2.7 𝑓(𝑥). 𝑔(𝑥) < 0
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Worksheet 4: The linear function 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝒎𝒙 + 𝒄
Exercise 1.
Sketch the following on the same set of axes:
1.1. y 2x 3 (gradient intercept method)
1.2 x y 4 (dual intercept method)
1.3. y x 2 (table method)
Exercise 2.
y 2 y1
Use the gradient formula m to calculate the gradient of the line passing through the following
x 2 x1
points:
2.1. A 2;5 and B3;4 2.2. A1;7 and B 3;2
2.3. A 3;2 and B 3;4 2.4. A0;5 and B5;0
Exercise 3.
Re-write the following in the form y mx c :
3.1. 3y 2x 9 3.2. yx7
3.3. 2y x 7 0 3.3. 4 x 5 y 10
Exercise 4.
Determine the equation of the lines with the given values of m and c.
4.1. m 2 and c 6 4.2. m 1 and c 10
1
4.3. m and c 0 4.4. m p and c q
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Exercise 5.
Determine the gradient , the y- intercept and the equation for each of the following graphs:
5.1. 5.2.
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5.3 5.4
A 1.1 𝑦 = 𝑥2 B 1.1 𝑦 = −𝑥 2
1.2 𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 1.2 𝑦 = −2𝑥 2
1 1
1.3 𝑦 = 𝑥2 1.3 𝑦 = − 𝑥2
2 2
A 1.1 𝑦 = 𝑥2 − 1 B 1.1 𝑦 = −𝑥 2 − 4
1.2 𝑦 = 𝑥2 + 1 1.2 𝑦 = −𝑥 2 + 4
3
C 1.1 𝑦 = −3𝑥 2 + 3 D 1.1 𝑦 = − (𝑥 2 − 4)
4
2
1.2 𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 3 1.2 𝑦 = 9 − 𝑥2
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Worksheet 7: Application of the parabola
1
1. Draw an accurate sketch of f : x x2 2 .
2
Hence, use the graph to show where you would read off the following solutions:
1.1. f 1
1.2. f 3
1.3. x if f x 6
1.4. f 0
2. Given f : x x 2 4 and h : x mx n C
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Worksheet 8: The Hyperbola or Hyperbolic function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝒂𝒙 + 𝒒
1. Sketch the graphs of the following, showing the asymptotes and intercepts with the axes.
4 2 𝑥
1.1 𝑦=𝑥 1.4 𝑦=𝑥+3 *1.7 𝑦=2
−6 −4
1.2 𝑦= 1.5 𝑦= +1
𝑥 𝑥
3 3
1.3 𝑦=𝑥 1.6 𝑦=𝑥−2
1. Sketch the graphs of the following, showing the asymptotes and intercepts with the axes.
1 𝑥
1.1 𝑦 = 2𝑥 1.4 𝑦 = (3) 1.7 𝑦 = 2. 3𝑥 − 18
1.2 𝑦 = 2.3𝑥 1.5 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 1 1.8 𝑦 = −2𝑥
1.3 𝑦 = 2−𝑥 1.6 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1 1.9 𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 4
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Summary : Determining the equation of the 4 functions
Linear Function 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐
Quadratic Function 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑞
find q by inspection
sub a point to find “a” 3
2
𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑞
OR (-1 ;-2) .
. (-6 ; 3)
Hyperbolic Function 𝑎
𝑦= +𝑞
𝑥
sub the horizontal
asymptote
𝑎 sub a point to find “a”
𝑦= +𝑞
𝑥 OR 2
OR
sub the horizontal -4
asymptote
sub 2 points to find “a” and
“b”
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Determine the equation of the following:
Linear Function
3
-2
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐
Quadratic Function
3
2
𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑞
(-1 ;-2) .
OR
Hyperbolic Function
𝑎 2
𝑦 = +𝑞
𝑥 3
Exponential function
. (2 ; 5)
𝑥
𝑦 =𝑎 +𝑞
-4
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Worksheet 12: Past papers - sketching
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Worksheet 13: Past papers - application
DBE 2015
DBE 2012
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DOE 2007
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